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EC number: 266-273-5 | CAS number: 66241-11-0 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 53185.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2009-03-23 till 2009-04-23
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline conform study under GLP without deviations
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Com. Reg. (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 laying down test methods pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), C.4-D, Manometri
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- EU Commission Directive 92/69 EEC, C.4-D, Manometric Respirometry Test, 1992.
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 301 F, Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test, 1992.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Phenol, 2,4-dinitro-, sulfurized, leuco derivatives
- EC Number:
- 266-273-5
- EC Name:
- Phenol, 2,4-dinitro-, sulfurized, leuco derivatives
- Cas Number:
- 66241-11-0
- Molecular formula:
- Molecular formula is not available.
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction products of 2,4-dinitrophenol with polysulfide, leuco derivatives, sodium salt
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material : Leuco Sulfur Black 1
- Physical state: thixotrophic, black, wet paste
- Composition: Leuco Sulfur Black 1:52.75 % (w/w) (calculated by amount of by-compounds)
2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene: < 20 ppm
2,4-Dinitrophenole: < 20 ppm
Sulfate: 970 ppm
Chloride: 750 ppm
Sodium: 1.3 % (w/w)
Water: 45.75 % (w/w) by Karl-Fischer titration
- Lot/batch No.: ESA0007595
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2011-07-11
- Stability under test conditions: Stable under storage conditions.
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature (range of 20 ± 5 °C), light protected.
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: aerobic activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (ARA Ergolz II, Füllinsdorf, Switzerland) treating predominantly domestic wastewater
- Laboratory culture:
- Method of cultivation: The sludge was washed twice with tap water by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. A homogenized aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, thereafter dried and the ratio of wet to dry weight was calculated. Based on this ratio, calculated amounts of wet sludge were suspended in test water to obtain a concentration equivalent to 4 g (±10%) dry material per liter. - Storage conditions/length: During the holding period of three days prior to use, the sludge was aerated at room temperature.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Prior to use, the sludge was first thoroughly mixed and then diluted with test water
- Concentration of sludge: Prior to use, the sludge was first thoroughly mixed and then diluted with test water to a concentration of 1 g per liter (dry weight basis). Based on the determined dry weight of this diluted activated sludge, defined amounts were added to test water to obtain a final concentration of 30 mg dry material per liter. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentrationopen allclose all
- Initial conc.:
- 140 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 141 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- Apparatus
The test flasks (500 mL reaction vessels, labeled with the necessary information to ensure unmistakable identification) were incubated under continuous stirring in a SAPROMAT D12 (Voith GmbH, Heidenheim, Germany). Oxygen consumption was recorded manually by taking a daily reading at least on each working day.
The final test volume was 250ml per test flask
Principle: Electro-chemical analysis process:
The biodegradation process consumes the dissolved oxygen in the test medium and generates CO2. The CO2 is adsorbed by soda lime, which results in a decrease of the total pressure in the airtight test flasks. The pressure drop is detected and converted into an electrical signal by means of an electrode type manometer. The consumed oxygen is replaced by electrolytically generated oxygen from a copper sulfate solution.
Test duration: 28 days
Light conditions: Darkness
Test temperature: 22 °C, maintained with a built-in thermostat and checked once per week.
pH: Prior to test start, the pH was measured in each test flask before the addition of the activated sludge inoculum. At the end of incubation, the pH was measured again in each test flask.
Test water
prepared according to the testing guidelines. Analytical grade salts were dissolved in purified water to obtain the following stock solutions:
1) KH2PO4 8.50 g/L
K2HPO4 21.75 g/L
Na2HPO4 x 2H2O 33.40 g/L
NH4Cl 0.50 g/L
The pH of this solution was 7.4.
2) MgSO4 x 7H2O 22.50 g/L
3) CaCl2 x 2H2O 36.40 g/L
4) FeCl3 x 6H2O 0.25 g/L, stabilized with one drop of concentrated HCl per liter
To obtain the final test water, 10 mL of stock solution No. 1 and 1 mL each of stock solution Nos. 2, 3 and 4 were combined and made up to 1000 mL with purified water. The pH was adjusted from 7.7 to 7.4 with a diluted hydrochloric acid solution.
Control and Blank System
Inoculum blank: yey
Toxicity control: yes
Reference substance: yes
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
- Test performance:
- The percent biodegradation of the reference item sodium benzoate was calculated based on the theoretical oxygen demand of 1.67 mg O2/mg.
In the procedure controls, the reference item was degraded by an average of 80% by Exposure Day 14, thus confirming suitability of the activated sludge. At the end of the test (Day 28), the reference item was degraded by an average of 82%.
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- ca. 0
- St. dev.:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: St.dev. not applicable
- Details on results:
- The percent biodegradation in the toxicity control, containing both the test item and the reference item, was calculated based on the COD of the test item and the ThOD of the reference item.
In the toxicity control, the course of biodegradation over the 28-day exposure period was similar to the two procedure controls, containing only the reference item. Within 14 days of exposure, biodegradation amounted to 50%.
Thus, according to the test guidelines, the test item had no inhibitory effect on activated sludge microorganisms at the tested concentration of 142 mg/L because biodegradation in the toxicity control was >25% within 14 days.
The pH measured in all flasks at the start of the test was 7.4. At the end of exposure (Day 28), pH values of 7.1-7.8 were measured.
BOD5 / COD results
BOD5 / COD
- Parameter:
- BOD5
- Value:
- ca. 0 mg O2/g test mat.
- Results with reference substance:
- The percent biodegradation of the reference item sodium benzoate was calculated based on the theoretical oxygen demand of 1.67 mg O2/mg.
In the procedure controls, the reference item was degraded by an average of 80% by Exposure Day 14, thus confirming suitability of the activated sludge. At the end of the test (Day 28), the
reference item was degraded by an average of 82%.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Biodegradation of the Test Item
The percent biodegradation of the test item was calculated based on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 0.795 mg O2/mg test item.
The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the test item Leuco Sulfur Black 1 in the test media was in the normal range found for the inoculum controls throughout the study period of 28 days.
Consequently, Leuco Sulfur Black 1 was not biodegradable under the test conditions within 28 days.
Biodegradation in the Test Flasks
|
Percentage Biodegradation1
|
||||
Test item |
Procedure control |
Toxicity control
|
|||
Time |
Replicate No. |
Replicate No. |
Replicate No. |
||
(days) |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
19 |
21 |
14 |
2 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
3 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
4 |
-6 |
-3 |
63 |
68 |
41 |
5 |
-4 |
-3 |
68 |
72 |
44 |
6 |
-4 |
-4 |
70 |
74 |
45 |
7 |
-4 |
-4 |
72 |
77 |
47 |
8 |
-5 |
-4 |
73 |
78 |
48 |
9 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
10 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
11 |
-6 |
-6 |
77 |
80 |
49 |
12 |
-9 |
-8 |
76 |
81 |
49 |
13 |
-9 |
-8 |
78 |
81 |
50 |
14 |
-10 |
-9 |
79 |
81 |
50 |
15 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
16 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
17 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
18 |
-12 |
-11 |
80 |
84 |
51 |
19 |
-13 |
-11 |
80 |
84 |
51 |
20 |
-14 |
-12 |
80 |
84 |
51 |
21 |
-16 |
-12 |
78 |
84 |
50 |
22 |
-16 |
-12 |
80 |
84 |
51 |
23 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
24 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
25 |
-18 |
-14 |
78 |
84 |
51 |
26 |
-18 |
-14 |
80 |
84 |
51 |
27 |
-19 |
-15 |
79 |
84 |
51 |
28 |
-20 |
-15 |
80 |
84 |
51 |
Mean (Day 28) |
(-17) * |
82 |
n.a. |
1Corrected for the mean oxygen uptake of the inoculum controls (see Section 3.5)
-- Not determined
n.a. not applicable
* Negative value due to higher oxygen consumption in the inoculum controls than in the test flasks with test item.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- Leuco Sulfur Black 1 is not biodegradable under the test conditions within 28 days.
- Executive summary:
The test item Leuco Sulfur Black 1 was investigated for its ready biodegradability in a manometric respirometry test over 28 days according to the EU Commission Directive 92/69 EEC, C.4-D Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, C.4-D and the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 301 F.
The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the test item Leuco Sulfur Black 1 in the test media was in the normal range found for the inoculum controls.
Consequently, Leuco Sulfur Black 1 was not biodegradable under the test conditions within 28 days.
In the toxicity control, containing both Leuco Sulfur Black 1 and the reference item sodium benzoate, Leuco Sulfur Black 1 had no inhibitory effect on the activity of activated sludge microorganisms at the tested concentration of 142 mg/L.
In the procedure controls, the reference item sodium benzoate was degraded by an average of 80% by Exposure Day 14, and reached an average biodegradation of 82% by the end of the test (Day 28), thus confirming suitability of the activated sludge.
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