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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 233-828-8 | CAS number: 10377-66-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics
- Type of information:
- other: review article
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Recent peer reviewed summary of available toxicological and adverse health effect informaiton for manganese
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR MANGANESE
- Author:
- Williams, M, McClure, PR
- Year:
- 2 012
- Bibliographic source:
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No guideline required
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- Manganese is required by the body and is found in virtually all diets. Adults consume between 0.7 and 10.9 mg of manganese per day in the diet, with higher intakes for vegetarians who may consume a larger proportion of manganese-rich nuts, grains, and legumes than non-vegetarians. Manganese intake from drinking water is substantially lower than intake from food. Following inhalation exposure, manganese can be transported into olfactory or trigeminal presynaptic nerve endings in the nasal mucosa with subsequent delivery to the brain, across pulmonary epithelial linings into blood or lymph fluids, or across gastrointestinal epithelial linings into blood after mucociliary elevator clearance from the respiratory tract.
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- Manganese is found in the brain and all other mammalian tissues, with some tissues showing higher accumulations of manganese than others. For example, liver, pancreas, and kidney usually have higher manganese concentrations than other tissues.
- Details on excretion:
- The principal route of elimination of manganese from the body is fecal elimination via hepatobiliary excretion; contributions from pancreatic, urinary, and lactational elimination are expected to be small. Excess manganese is expected to be eliminated from the body rapidly.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): low bioaccumulation potential based on study results
Even though daily dietary intake of manganese can vary substantially, adult humans generally maintain stable tissue levels of manganese through the regulation of gastrointestinal absorption and hepatobiliary excretion. Evidence from studies in humans indicates that inhalation exposure to high levels of manganese compounds (usually manganese dioxide, but also compounds with Mn(II) and Mn(III)) can lead to a disabling syndrome of neurological effects referred to as ‘manganism.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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