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EC number: 235-837-2 | CAS number: 13001-46-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Reasonably documented
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 951
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Priority existing chemical Report No. 5
- Author:
- Dep. of Health and Ageing, Australian Government
- Year:
- 1 995
- Bibliographic source:
- National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: other: The study was done in 1951 using sodium ethyl xanthate as a 10% solution at pH 10.5 to 11 and as a fine powder. Two groups of three albino rabbits each were used in this study.
A 0.05 ml aliquot of 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate was instilled into the conjunctival sacs of the left eyes of albino rabbits of one group. The eyes were held closed for one minute, observed immediately for reaction 1 hr and 4 hrs later and then daily for 9 days. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate
- EC Number:
- 205-440-9
- EC Name:
- Sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate
- Cas Number:
- 140-90-9
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate
- Reference substance name:
- sodium ethyl xanthate
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium ethyl xanthate
- Test material form:
- other: powder and 10% aqueous solution
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):sodium ethyl xanthate
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: albino rabbits
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS: Rabbit
- Strain: albino rabbits
- Sex: Not reported
- Source: Not reported
- Age: Not reported
- Weight at study initiation: Not reported
- Number of animals: 6
Test system
- Vehicle:
- other: 10% aqueous solution and unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes
- Amount / concentration applied:
- -10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate
-30 mg powder of sodium ethyl xanthate - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- A 0.05 ml aliquot of 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate was instilled into the conjunctival sacs of the left eyes of albino rabbits of one group. The eyes were held closed for one minute, observed immediately for reaction 1 hr and 4 hrs later and then daily for 9 days.
30 mg of sodium ethyl xanthate powder was applied to the conjunctival sacs of the second group of rabbits. - Observation period (in vivo):
- 9 days
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 6
- Details on study design:
- -A 0.05 ml aliquot of 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate was instilled into the conjunctival sacs of the left eyes of albino rabbits of one group. The eyes were held closed for one minute, observed immediately for reaction 1 hr and 4 hrs later and then daily for 9 days.
-Approximately 30 mg of sodium ethyl xanthate powder was applied to the conjunctival sacs of the second group of rabbits. All three animals showed immediate marked irritation, scrambling, excitement and evidence of pain. There was lacrimation in one animal and phonation in another. Moderate irritation and oedema of the lids was observed in all the animals at the end of 1 hr. The same observations were noted at 4 hrs with one animal showing exudate. Mild irritation was seen after 24 hrs and two rabbits appeared normal after three days. One rabbit showed slight irritation until day 5. There were no signs of opacity or necrosis. The symptoms seen in the animals could be due to the physical irritation caused by solid particles in the eye. The animals were sacrificed on day 9 when no gross pathology was observed at autopsy.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- overall irritation score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24 hrs
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible
- Remarks:
- 4 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: Powder is a moderate irritant to rabbit eyes while the 10% aqueous solution is mildly irritating .The eye effects produced by the powder were reversible, persisting for 24 hrs in all the animals with the effects lasting for up to 4 days in one animal.
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- DESCRIPTION OF LESIONS:
-Mild irritation was observed immediately after instillation of 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate
There were no signs of oedema or necrosis. Autopsy on day 9 did not reveal any gross pathology.
-Moderate irritation to rabbit eyes was evident after instillation of 30 mg of sodium ethyl xanthate powder to the conjunctival sacs.
All three animals showed immediate marked irritation, scrambling, excitement and evidence of pain. There was lacrimation in one animal and phonation in another. Moderate irritation and oedema of the lids was observed in all the animals at the end of 1 hr. The same observations were noted at 4 hrs with one animal showing exudate. Mild irritation was seen after 24 hrs and two rabbits appeared normal after three days. One rabbit showed slight irritation until day 5. There were no signs of opacity or necrosis. The symptoms seen in the animals could be due to the physical irritation caused by solid particles in the eye.The animals were sacrificed on day 9 when no gross pathology was observed at autopsy.
REVERSIBILITY:
-Mild irritation was evident after instillation of 10% aqueous solution but the eyes appeared normal one hour later. One animal showed slight irritation at 4 hrs but was normal on the second day.
-Moderate irritation to rabbit eyes was evident after instillation of 30 mg of sodium ethyl xanthate powder.The eye effects produced by the powder were reversible, persisting for 24 hrs in all the animals with the effects lasting for up to 4 days in one animal.
The results of this study indicate that the powder is a moderate irritant to rabbit eyes while the 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate is mildly irritating. The irritant effects of the solution disappeared 1 hr after instillation. The eye effects produced by the powder were reversible, persisting for 24 hrs in all the animals with the effects lasting for up to 4 days in one animal.
Any other information on results incl. tables
DESCRIPTION OF LESIONS:
-Mild irritation was observed immediately after instillation of 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate
There were no signs of oedema or necrosis. Autopsy on day 9 did not reveal any gross pathology.
-Moderate irritation to rabbit eyes was evident after instillation of 30 mg of sodium ethyl xanthate powder to the conjunctival sacs.
All three animals showed immediate marked irritation, scrambling, excitement and evidence of pain. There was lacrimation in one animal and phonation in another. Moderate irritation and oedema of the lids was observed in all the animals at the end of 1 hr. The same observations were noted at 4 hrs with one animal showing exudate. Mild irritation was seen after 24 hrs and two rabbits appeared normal after three days. One rabbit showed slight irritation until day 5. There were no signs of opacity or necrosis. The symptoms seen in the animals could be due to the physical irritation caused by solid particles in the eye.The animals were sacrificed on day 9 when no gross pathology was observed at autopsy.
REVERSIBILITY:
-Mild irritation was evident after instillation of 10% aqueous solution but the eyes appeared normal one hour later. One animal showed slight irritation at 4 hrs but was normal on the second day.
-Moderate irritation to rabbit eyes was evident after instillation of 30 mg of sodium ethyl xanthate powder.The eye effects produced by the powder were reversible, persisting for 24 hrs in all the animals with the effects lasting for up to 4 days in one animal.
The results of this study indicate that the powder is a moderate irritant to rabbit eyes while the 10% aqueous solution of sodium ethyl xanthate is mildly irritating. The irritant effects of the solution disappeared 1 hr after instillation. The eye effects produced by the powder were reversible, persisting for 24 hrs in all the animals with the effects lasting for up to 4 days in one animal.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- moderately irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Based on the descriptions of the lesions it is considered that Potassium isobutyl xanthate (the result was read across from sodium ethyl xanthate) is classifiable as an moderately irritant according to EU criteria
Classification: moderately irritating - Executive summary:
The results of this study indicate that the powder is a moderate irritant to rabbit eyes while the 10% aqueous solution of Potassium isobutyl xanthate (the result was read across from sodium ethyl xanthate) is mildly irritating.The irritant effects of the solution disappeared 1 hr after instillation. The eye effects produced by the powder were reversible, persisting for 24 hrs in all the animals with the effects lasting for up to 4 days in one animal.
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