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EC number: 700-222-4 | CAS number: 1065519-44-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 10 December 2008 to 14 January 2009
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - Guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- N-(4-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]sulfamoyl}phenyl)-2-[(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxobutanamide
- EC Number:
- 700-222-4
- Cas Number:
- 1065519-44-9
- Molecular formula:
- C22H28N6O7S
- IUPAC Name:
- N-(4-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]sulfamoyl}phenyl)-2-[(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxobutanamide
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): No. 408 yellow
- Physical state: fine powder
- Analytical purity: 98.6%
- Purity test date: 05 November 2008
- Lot/batch No.: 081105-1
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 04 November
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
- Other: solubility in water: 0.38 mg/l
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): activated sludge was collected form one of the return lines at Burley Menston sewage treatment works (West Yorkshire, UK).
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: the suspended solids concentration of the activated sludge was determined by filtering a subsample (25 ml) through a pre-dried and pre-weighed glass microfibre filter (Whatman GF/C). The filter and retained solid were then dried in an oven and re-weighed. The weight of the sludge solids was determined from difference in the weight before and after drying.
- Concentration of sludge: the medium was inoculated with activated sludge at 90 mg suspended solids/L to provide a nominal final solids concentration of 30 mg/L in each test vessel. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 15 mg/L
- Based on:
- DOC
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: A test medium concentrate was prepared in ultrapure water contining 30 ml solution (a) and 3 ml of each of solutions (b), (c) and (d). Solutions (a) to (d) were prepared as follows:
(a) potassium dihydrogen phosphate (8.50 g, BDH, AnalaR), dipotassium dihydrate (33.40 g, BDH, AnalaR), ammonium chloride (0.50 g, Sigma, 99.5%), all dissolved in and made upt to 1 l within reverse-osmosis water
(b) calcium chloride dihydrate (36.40 g, BDH, AnalaR), dissolved in and made up to 1 l with reverse-osmosis water
(c) magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (22.50 g, BDH, AnalaR), dissolved in and made up to 1 l with reverse-osmosis water
(d) ferric chloride hexahydrate (0.25 g, Fluka, ACS) and one drop of concentrated hydrochloric acid (BDH, AnalaR), dissolved in and made up to 1 l with reverse-osmosis water
- Test temperature: 22 +/- 2 °C (however, on three occasions the recorded temperature was 19, 16 and 17 °C, for 9, 4 and 4 h respectively. These deviations are not considered to have an impact on the scientific integrity of the study because the degradation of the reference substance was as would be expected and was sufficient to satisfy the appropriate validity criterion)
- pH: 7.38 - 7.62
- Aeration of dilution water: yes
- Suspended solids concentration: 90 mg/l
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: sealed, aerated vessels containing 3 l medium, connected to a series of three traps contining aqueous barium hydroxide (normally 0.0125M)
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: vessels were sealed and aerated by a cylinder of nominally CO2-free air (Air Products).
- Measuring equipment: the air flow was regulated in two stages. Initial control was provided by a gas regulator and the air flow to each vessel controlled by individual needle valves. Measurements were made with a bubble flow meter and stopwatch, at intervals not exceeding seven days, of the flow rate exiting each test vessel. Adjustments were made as necessary to maintain a flow rate of ca. 50 ml per minute.
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: no, vessels were sealed due to air supply
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: at appropriate intervals, the air supply to each vessel was stopped and the trap bottle nearest to the test vessel was removed for sampling. The remaining two bottles of the series were moved towards the test vessel and a fresh trap bottle was placed on the end of the series. Once the series of trap bottles were connected to the test vessel the air supply was restarted. The initial barium hydroxide stock concentrations and the residual concentrations in detached trap bottles were determined by titration against hydrochloric acid (nominally 0.05 M) using 0.5% ethanolic phenolphthalein indicator solution. Titrations were performed on 20 ml trap solution volumes until two matching (+/- 0.1 ml) titres were obtained.
Evolved CO2 from the vessels was trapped in the barium hydroxide traps by formation of a barium carbonate precipitate. This resulted in a decrease in the concentration of barium hydroxide. Consequently, the amount of evolved CO2 was calculated from the decrease in the barium hydroxide concentration, determined by the titration against hydrochloric acid.
On day 28 of the test, each culture vessel was opened and 1 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid added. The vessels were then reconnected to the series of trap bottles and aeration continued until the following day. The acidification and aeration procedure drives off generated carbon dioxide remaining in solution.
Final sampling and titrations were carried out on Day 29, when all of the traps in each series were sampled.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: day 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 14, 17, 20, 24, 28, 29
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: duplicate vessels contained inoculated mineral salts medium
- Toxicity control: a single vessel was prepared with inoculated mineral salts medium, test and reference substances (sodium benzoate)
- Other: reference substance: duplicate vessels contained inoculated mineral salts medium and sodium benzoate
STATISTICAL METHODS: theoretical CO2 yields of carbon dioxide (TCO2 in mg) from cultures containing the test and/or reference substances was calculated as follows:
TCO2 = Dabs x Pc x 3.667
where:
Dabs: the absolute dose i.e.: the amount (mg) of test or reference substance added to the culture
Pc: the percentage carbon content of the test or reference substance
3.667: the weight (mg) of CO2 produced from 1 mg of carbon
The theoretical CO2 yield for the quantity of No. 408 yellow applied to the test vessels and toxicity control vessel was 165 mg CO2. Theoretical yields for the quantities of applied sodium benzoate in the toxicity control vessel and reference vessels were also 165 mg CO2. The combined theoretical yield from the toxicity control vessel was 330 mg CO2. The purpose of this control was not to assess the extent of degradation of the entire mixture, but instead to assess the impact of the presence of the test substance on the degradation of the reference material. The theoretical yield in this case was, therefore, limited to the 165 mg CO2 expected from the sodium benzoate alone.
Biodegradation (Dt) of the reference substance and of No. 408 yellow expressed in terms of percentage theoretical CO2 yield was calculated by applying the formulat:
Dt = cumulative mg CO2 produced at time (t) / 165 x 100
All cumulative CO2 values were corrected for the mean CO2 generated by the blanks.
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- The mean percentage biodegradation in the sodium benzoate reference vessels had reached 75% by day 14 and 89% by day 28. The validity criterion of 60% biodegradation at 14 days was therefore met.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. CO2 Evolution
Test replicate |
Evolved CO2(mg) |
||||||||||
Day 2 |
Day 3 |
Day 6 |
Day 8 |
Day 10 |
Day 14 |
Day 17 |
Day 20 |
Day 24 |
Day 28 |
Day 29* |
|
Blank control (replicate 1) |
10.5 |
15.6 |
29.2 |
40.0 |
48.7 |
58.3 |
63.4 |
67.7 |
70.1 |
73.8 |
78.2 |
Blank control (replicate 2) |
9.9 |
15.2 |
29.3 |
40.7 |
49.9 |
59.4 |
64.6 |
68.7 |
72.7 |
76.3 |
80.0 |
Test substance (replicate 1) |
9.8 |
13.6 |
23.0 |
29.6 |
34.0 |
39.5 |
42.7 |
45.8 |
49.0 |
52.5 |
55.8 |
Test substance (replicate 2) |
10.5 |
14.6 |
24.1 |
31.0 |
35.7 |
41.0 |
44.4 |
47.7 |
51.0 |
54.3 |
58.2 |
Reference substance (replicate 1) |
67.3 |
90.8 |
124.7 |
146.8 |
163.8 |
183.1 |
193.6 |
201.9 |
209.7 |
217.5 |
224.6 |
Reference substance (replicate 2) |
68.4 |
92.8 |
126.4 |
148.0 |
165.1 |
183.7 |
194.4 |
202.9 |
210.8 |
218.9 |
226.2 |
Toxicity control |
62.4 |
84.5 |
114.6 |
134.3 |
147.0 |
160.5 |
169.3 |
176.2 |
182.2 |
188.1 |
194.3 |
* Day 29 refers to the day that titration of trap contents from acidified vessels was performed. Actual acidification was performed on Day 28
Note: Values for test substance, reference substance and toxicity control vessels are not corrected for blank CO2
Table 2. Biodegradation as a Percentage of Theoretical CO2 Yield
Test replicate |
Percentage Biodegradation (%) |
||||||||||
Day 2 |
Day 3 |
Day 6 |
Day 8 |
Day 10 |
Day 14 |
Day 17 |
Day 20 |
Day 24 |
Day 28 |
Day 29* |
|
Test substance (replicate 1) Test substance (replicate 2) |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
0
0 |
Mean |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Reference substance (replicate 1) Reference substance (replicate 2) |
35
35 |
46
47 |
58
59 |
65
65 |
69
70 |
75
76 |
79
79 |
81
82 |
84
84 |
86
87 |
88
89 |
Mean |
35 |
46 |
58 |
65 |
70 |
75 |
79 |
81 |
84 |
87 |
89 |
Toxicity control |
32 |
42 |
52 |
57 |
59 |
62 |
64 |
65 |
67 |
69 |
70 |
* Day 29 refers to the day that titration of trap contents from acidified vessels was performed. Actual acidification was performed on Day 28
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
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