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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 232-216-8 | CAS number: 7790-62-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This study was selected as the key study because the information provided for the hazard endpoint is sufficient for the purpose of classification and labelling and/or risk assessment.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The toxicity of H2SO4 aerosols to CD-1 mice and Fischer-344 rats
- Author:
- Runkle BK and Hahn FF
- Year:
- 1 976
- Bibliographic source:
- Annual Report of the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, p. 435-439
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Animals observed for 21 days
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sulphuric acid
- EC Number:
- 231-639-5
- EC Name:
- Sulphuric acid
- Cas Number:
- 7664-93-9
- IUPAC Name:
- sulfuric acid
- Details on test material:
- - Purity: not reported
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 6-7 weeks
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: humid air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 27-inch Rochester-type chronic exposure chamber
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: individual cages
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: mixing SO3 with humid air to produce H2SO4 droplets
- Source and rate of air: 10 cfm
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: 40% humidity; temperature and pressure not reported
TEST ATMOSPHERE (if not tabulated)
- MMAD (Mass median aerodynamic diameter): 1.1 - 2.2 µm - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- >= 1 - <= 8 h
- Remarks on duration:
- selected exposure times were 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours for each concentration
- Concentrations:
- 240, 470, 730, 800, 1080 and 1090 mg/m³
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 8
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 21 days
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight, organ weights, histopathology; Animals dying spontaneously and sacrificed animals were necropsied. The time of death was noted, and the lung, trachea, stomach and turbinates were removed, fixed in 10% formalin and processed for histologic examination using standard procedures.
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- ca. 375 mg/m³ air (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- Mortality was 0, 63, 63, 75, 63 and 88% after 4-hour exposure to 240, 470, 730, 800, 1090 and 1080 mg/m³, respectively.
The majority of rats died during the 2 weeks after exposure. Exceptions to this were early deaths which occurred when rats were exposed to H2SO4 concentrations above 700 mg/m3 for 4 to 8 hours. - Gross pathology:
- Examination of rat tissues revealed ulceration of turbinates, trachea and larynx in animals dying during exposure or shortly thereafter. Lesions noted in rats dying 1-2 weeks after exposure included fibrosis of the larynx and bronchopneumonia associated with aspirated foreign material.
- Other findings:
- Rats showed increased mortality with increased concentration. This appeared more dramatically in mice than in rats during the first 24 hours. The fact that deaths occurred within 24 hours in the mouse group exposed for 1 and 2 hours and not in the rat group may be interpreted as an indication of greater sensitivity in the mouse. When total deaths in 21 days were considered, however, the rat appeared to exhibit increased sensitivity with increased H2S04 concentration as did the mouse. In fact, rat mortality increased more rapidly with increased concentration than mouse mortality. No deep lung lesions were noted in rats that could be attributed to direct test substance insult. Animals died from upper respiratory tract lesions before test substance aerosol concentrations affected the deep lung.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- moderately toxic
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- This study and the conclusions which are drawn from it fulfil the quality criteria (validity, reliability, repeatability).
LC50 was approximately 375 mg/m³ for rats. - Executive summary:
Rats (Fischer-344) were exposed to various concentrations of test substance aerosols for 1 to 8 hours. Mortality and histologic changes resulting from these exposures were determined. Mortality in the majority of rats occurred 1-2 weeks following exposure, the exception being early deaths resulting from very high aerosol concentrations. Examination of tissues revealed ulceration of the turbinate, trachea and larynx in rats dying during exposure or shortly thereafter. Lesions noted in rats dying 1-2 weeks after exposure included bronchopneumonia associated with aspirated foreign material. No deep lung lesions were noted in rats that could be attributed to direct test substance insult. Animals died from upper respiratory tract lesions before test substance aerosol concentrations affected the deep lung. The LC50 for rats was approximately 375 mg/m³.
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