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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 234-217-9 | CAS number: 10599-90-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
One study with rats is available. Low radioactivity was found in fat, suggesting a low bioaccumulation potential. Based on molecular structure and the molecular mass, it can be expected that this substance would be absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract subsequent to oral ingestion.
Since it is demonstrate that there is no evidence of systemic circulation by oral administration it is unlikely that the monochloramine could have systemic circulation by inhalation route even taking into consideration the toxicokinetic data (ADME) for the route-to-route extrapolation. This agent is highly reactive so that it is unlikely to penetrate deeply into body tissues when it comes in contact with skin and mucous membrane. Therefore, a toxicokinetic test by inhalation does not sound to be relevant.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- no bioaccumulation potential
- Absorption rate - oral (%):
- 50
- Absorption rate - dermal (%):
- 50
- Absorption rate - inhalation (%):
- 100
Additional information
Monochloramine administered orally in the rat is rapidly and readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (Abdel-rahman et al., 1983). In humans, orally ingested monochloramine would reach the stomach intact but would rapidly decay in stomach fluid. Therefore, free monochloramine is not expected to enter systemic circulation (Kotlaho et al., 1992).
Abdel-Rahman et al. (1983) studied the kinetics of absorption of monochloramine after oral administration of NH236Cl to Sprague-Dawley rats. Five days after administration, the highest concentrations of monochloramine, measured as labelled chloride ion, were found in plasma, followed by whole blood, skin, testes, packed cells, bone marrow, kidney, lung, stomach, thyroid and thymus, duodenum, spleen, liver, ileum and fat. Peak plasma levels of chlorine (as atomic chlorine) occurred 8 hours after NH2Cl administration. The absorption half-life of NH236Cl was 2.5 hours and the plasma elimination half-life was 39 hours. In metabolism studies monochloramine was converted and eliminated in the chloride form, and excretion was primarily via urine.
Based on molecular structure and the molecular mass, it can be expected that this substance would be absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract subsequent to oral ingestion.
Since it is demonstrate that there is no evidence of systemic circulation by oral administration it is unlikely that the monochloramine could have systemic circulation by inhalation route even taking into consideration the toxicokinetic data (ADME) for the route-to-route extrapolation. This agent is highly reactive so that it is unlikely to penetrate deeply into body tissues when it comes in contact with skin and mucous membrane. Therefore, a toxicokinetic test by inhalation does not sound to be relevant.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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