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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 234-126-4 | CAS number: 10544-72-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- other toxicological threshold
- Value:
- 0.955 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- other: not applicable
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- No route-to-route extrapolation needed.
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set for 8-hour occupational exposure
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014)set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- other toxicological threshold
- Value:
- 1.91 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- other: not applicable
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- No route-to-route extrapolation needed
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set for 15-min occupational exposure
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- other toxicological threshold
- Value:
- 0.95 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Dose descriptor:
- other: not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set for 8-hour occupational exposure
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- other toxicological threshold
- Value:
- 1.91 mg/m³
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- other: not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set for 15-min occupational exposure
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable, IOEL (SCOEL, 2014) set based on human data
- Justification:
- Not applicable
- Justification:
- Not applicable
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- high hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
For the monomer of dinitrogen tetraoxide, nitrogen dioxide, an International Occupational Exposure Limit (IOEL) has been set by the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (8 -h TWA of 0.96 mg/m3and 15 -min STEL of 1.91 mg/m3) in 2014.Dinitrogen tetraoxide exists in equilibrium with nitrogen dioxide, with ca. 25% present in the form of NO2at 25 °C. At greater dilution, e.g. with air, the amount of NO2is greater. Therefore it would seem inevitable that toxicological studies performed with either of the two substances would share a common mechanism. Therefore read-across from NO2to N2O4considered to be justified.
In accordance with Chapter R.8 of the ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, a registrant is allowed to use an IOEL as a DNEL for the same exposure route and duration, unless new scientific information that he obtained in fulfilling his obligations under REACH does not support the use of the IOEL for this purpose. Based on the study with rats of Han and co-workers (2013), in which genotoxic effects were observed in several tissues following inhalation exposure to the monomer of dinitrogen tetraoxide, nitrogen dioxide, classification of dinitrogen tetraoxide as Mutagenic Cat. 1B, H340, is proposed by the registrant. This study was not taken into account in the SCOEL (2014) evaluation.
However, the use of the limit values set by the SCOEL (2014) for nitrogen dioxide as DNELs is still considered to be justified by the registrant, based on the following considerations:
1) the limit values are derived based on the human data set and are considered to be sufficient to protect against the critical effects of nitrogen dioxide, which are local effects in the deep respiratory tract, for both acute and repeated exposure.
2) The genotoxic effects observed in the study of Han et al. (2013) occurred at concentrations several times higher than the limit values for both acute and repeated exposure set by SCOEL (2014). Therefore the limit values set by the SCOEL (2014) are considered to be sufficient to protect against these effects and will therefore be used in the risk assessment.
Dinitrogen tetraoxide is a dimer of nitrogen dioxide. Therefore the respective 8-h TWA and 15-min STEL values for nitrogen dioxide were converted to 0.25 and 0.5 ppm, respectively, for dinitrogen tetraoxide based on molar ratio, which corresponds to 0.955 and 1.91 mg/m3. These values will be used in the risk assessment as DNELs for repeated and acute exposure, respectively.
Dinitrogen tetraoxide is classified as corrosive and causes predominantly local effects at the port of entry. The substance is a gas and thus respiratory route of exposure is considered to be the most relevant. Systemic effects are considered to be secondary to local effects. The set IOEL is considered to to be sufficient to protect against local and systemic effects.
The substance is classified as corrosive and as such considered to represent a high hazard for local effects on skin and eyes. However, as the substance is a gas, respiratory route of exposure is considered to be the most relevant and no direct skin or eye exposure is envisaged.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
Not used by the general population.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.