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EC number: 231-679-3 | CAS number: 7681-82-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Experimental test result performed according to the guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- This study was designed to assess the acute toxic effects of the test compound on the Zebra fish (Danio rerio). Bowl aquaria containing 10 liters of deionized water were loaded with 8 fishes each. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test).
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- Sample Storage conditions : Room temperature 30°C
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method:
The Limit Test : Test was conducted at 100 mg/L to observe the adverse effect/ no effect of test substance on fresh water fish.
Randomization : The fishes were allocated to the aquaria following a randomization plan of the laboratory.
Preparation of the test solutions/dispersions :The test solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of the test substance in 10 liters deionized water with continuous stirring. - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- Test species/strain : Zebra Fish (Danio rerio)
Animal breeder/ supplier : Ashish Fish Center
Age of the animals : 3-4 months
Average weight: 0.203 g
Average length: 2.3 cm
Body weight : 0.203 g (approx.)
Diet : Standard brand feed, once daily
Physical conditions: No abnormalities - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 29°C
- pH:
- Between 7-8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.4
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- -Test water: Deionized water was used.
-Conductivity (uS/cm) : 0.5 to 1
-Test vessels: The test vessels used were all glass bowl aquaria of 12” each.
-Photoperiod : 12 hours light period and 12-hour darkness
-Volume of water : 10 liters
-No. of animals per vessel : 8 fishes
-Adaptation : Test conditions corresponded to housing conditions
-Withdrawal of food : 1 day before and during exposure
-Aeration : Aeration was provided 1 day before the starting of experiment - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- In a 96 h study on Danio rerio, at a test concentration of 100 mg/L, the fishes were found to be freely swimming in the bowl aquaria without showing any abnormal symptoms.
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table 1: Mortality and symptoms:
Nominal conc. (mg/l)
Number of fish
Mortality (cumulated) after
24h
48h
72h
96h
0 (control)
8
0
0
0
0
100
8
0
0
0
0
Nominal conc. (mg/l)
Number of fish
Symptoms after
24h
48h
72h
96h
0 (control)
8
NS8
NS8
NS8
NS8
100
8
NS8
NS8
NS8
NS8
Explanation of symptoms:
A: apathy
N: narcotic-like state
C: swimming near water surface
D: swimming at the bottom of bowl
M: Slow movements compared to control
NS: No abnormal symptoms
Number behind symbol for symptom= number of affected fish
Table 2: pH and oxygen content:
Nominal conc. (mg/l)
pH readings after
24h
48h
72h
96h
0 (control)
7.8
7.6
6.8
6.8
100
7.0
6.8
6.3
6.2
Nominal conc. (mg/l)
Oxygen content (mg/l) after
24h
48h
72h
96h
0 (control)
7.9
7.9
7.5
6.9
100
7.8
7.7
7.3
6.7
Table 3: Test temperature:
Nominal conc. (mg/l)
Temperature (°C) after
24h
48h
72h
96h
0 (control)
29
29
29
29
100
29
29
29
29
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on nominal concentrations, the median lethal concentration LC-50 (96 h) for test chemical on the mortality of fishe Danio rerio was observed to be >100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
This study was designed to assess the acute toxic effects of the test compound on the Zebra fish (Danio rerio). Bowl aquaria containing 10 liters of deionized water were loaded with 8 fishes each. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test solution was prepared by dissolving 1g of the test substance in10 liters deionized water with continuous stirring for achieving the test concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. The limit test at 100 mg/L was conducted and it was observed that the LC-50 is greater than this concentration. Observations (mortality, visible symptoms, pH, Temperature, dissolved oxygen content) were recorded after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours of the start of the experiment. The test vessels used were all glass bowl aquaria of 12” each. In a 96 h study for test chemical on Danio rerio, at a test concentration of 100 mg/L, the fishes were found to be freely swimming in the bowl aquaria without showing any abnormal symptoms. No mortalities were observed at the test concentration of 100 mg/l. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria. The LC0 (96 hours) wasobserved at 100 mg/L (highest concentration at which no mortality was observed). LC50 (96 hours) was > 100mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
This study was designed to assess the acute toxic effects of the test compound on the Zebra fish (Danio rerio). Bowl aquaria containing 10 liters of deionized water were loaded with 8 fishes each. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test solution was prepared by dissolving 1g of the test substance in10 liters deionized water with continuous stirring for achieving the test concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. The limit test at 100 mg/L was conducted and it was observed that the LC-50 is greater than this concentration. Observations (mortality, visible symptoms, pH, Temperature, dissolved oxygen content) were recorded after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours of the start of the experiment. The test vessels used were all glass bowl aquaria of 12” each. In a 96 h study for test chemical onDanio rerio, at a test concentration of 100 mg/L, the fishes were found to be freely swimming in the bowl aquaria without showing any abnormal symptoms. No mortalities were observed at the test concentration of 100 mg/l. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria. The LC0 (96 hours) wasobserved at 100 mg/L (highest concentration at which no mortality was observed). LC50 (96 hours) was > 100mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Based on the various experimental data for the test chemical studies have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of test chemical on the mortality of fishes. The studies are as mentioned below:
The first key study was designed to assess the acute toxic effects of the test compound on the Zebra fish (Danio rerio). Bowl aquaria containing 10 liters of deionized water were loaded with 8 fishes each. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test solution was prepared by dissolving 1g of the test substance in10 liters deionized water with continuous stirring for achieving the test concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. The limit test at 100 mg/L was conducted and it was observed that the LC-50 is greater than this concentration. Observations (mortality, visible symptoms, pH, Temperature, dissolved oxygen content) were recorded after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours of the start of the experiment. The test vessels used were all glass bowl aquaria of 12” each. In a 96 h study for test chemical on Danio rerio, at a test concentration of 100 mg/L, the fishes were found to be freely swimming in the bowl aquaria without showing any abnormal symptoms. No mortalities were observed at the test concentration of 100 mg/l. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria. The LC0 (96 hours) was observed at 100 mg/L (highest concentration at which no mortality was observed). LC50 (96 hours) was > 100mg/L.
First study was supported by the second experimental study. The study was designed to assess the acute toxic effects of the test compound on the Zebra fish (Danio rerio). Bowl aquaria containing 10 liters of deionized water were loaded with 8 fishes each. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). The test solution was prepared by dissolving 1g of the test substance in10 liters deionized water with continuous stirring for achieving the test concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. The limit test at 100 mg/L was conducted and it was observed that the LC-50 is greater than this concentration. Observations (mortality, visible symptoms, pH, Temperature, dissolved oxygen content) were recorded after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours of the start of the experiment. Since no mortalities and no adverse symptoms were observed after 96 hours, the test was continued for a period of seven days to know the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC). The test vessels used were all glass bowl aquaria of 12” each. In a 96 h study for test chemical onDanio rerio, at a test concentration of 100 mg/L, the fishes were found to be freely swimming in the bowl aquaria without showing any abnormal symptoms. No mortalities were observed at the test concentration of 100 mg/l. No mortalities were found in the control aquaria. Based on nominal concentration, no mortalities were observed at 100 mg/l after 96 hrs of exposure. Hence, the experiment was continued up to seven days and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for test chemical on Danio rerio was determine to be 100 mg/L. Based on the no effect chemical consider to be nontoxic to fish growth.
Similar study was conducted to determine the effect of test chemical on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri). Based on the mortality of fish observed, caused by the test chemical after the exposure of 96 hrs, the LC50 value was determine at 2800 mg/l. Based on the LC50 value, chemical consider to be nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
In the fourth supporting study toxicity was measured. Aim of this study was to determine the effect of test chemical on the mortality of Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri). Test conducted under the static system for 96 hrs. Test protocol and fishes holding was performed according to the Ontario Ministry of the Environment guidelines. Before the addition of fish to the test solutions, all of the test pails were sampled to measure pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature. Ten trout were added to each pail. Fishes maintained at 6°C until needed. The fish were fed a maintenance ration of a commercial pelleted trout food (Martin Feed Mills Limited, Ontario). The water supply for the continuous flow-through holding tanks was obtain from Winnipeg River and purified by sand filtration and ultraviolet light sterilization, and distributed through polyvinylchloride pipes. Randomly selected fish were acclimated at 15°C (-2°C) for a period of >/5 days prior to testing. Feeding was suspended 24-h prior to and during the test period. The 96-h static tests were aerated and conducted at 15°C (±2°C) in a temperature- and photoperiod- (16-h light, 8-h dark) controlled facility. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of test chemical in fish [Oncorhynchus mykiss] in a 96 hr study on mortality effect is found to be 3780 mg/L. Based on the LC50, chemical consider to be nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
This study was designed to assess the acute toxic effects of the test compound on the Rainbow trout. Test conducted under the static system for 96 hrs of exposure period. The lethal concentration (LC50) value of test chemical on fish [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)] in a 96 hr study on mortality effect is observed to be at 4500 mg/L and 5480 mg/l. Thus, considering the CLP Criteria for aquatic classification of the substance, it is concluded that the test chemical does not exhibit short term toxicity to fish [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)] and thus not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Based on the data from various experimental reports and peer reviewed journals, it can be concluded that the substance is considered to be not toxic to aquatic environment (fishes) and cannot be classified as toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
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