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EC number: 230-711-3 | CAS number: 7287-19-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 16 Dec 1997 to 19 Dec 1997
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and Ammonium Oxidation))
- Version / remarks:
- Paris 1984
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Instead of a centrifuged sludge a settled sludge was used
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EEC L133s 118-122
- Version / remarks:
- 30 May 1988
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- 200.3 mg test substance were mixed with 800 mL water (20 minutes ultrasonic, 1 hour stirring) and made up to 1000 mL with water. This stock solution was strongly stirred by a magnet stirrer. The stock solution was freshly prepared at the start of the test.
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- TEST ORGANISMS
Activated sludge collected from the sewage treatment plant on December 18, 1997. The pH after collection was 7.3. The preparation was carried out according to the method described in the guideline. The sludge was separated from the aqueous layer by settling instead of centrifugation. The pH of the sludge before use was 7.7. The sludge concentration in the test bottles was 1.52 g suspended solids/L.
JUSTIFICATION OF SPECIES
Activated sludge is obtained from a sewage work treating predominantly domestic sewage. Results obtained with activated sludge from works treating industrial waste waters may be atypical.
ORIGIN AND ACCLIMATION
On return to the laboratory, the sludge was washed three times by settling for a short period, e.g. 15-30 minutes, decanting the upper layer and adding the same amount of water as the decanted water. The sludge was kept aerated for use during the day. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Hardness:
- Not reported
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2°C
- pH:
- 7.8 - 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not reported
- Salinity:
- Not reported
- Conductivity:
- Not reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentration: 100.0, 32.0, 10.0, 3.2 and 1.0 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL BOD flasks with gas inlet
- Aeration: Yes
- No. of vessels per test substance concentration:1
- No. of vessels per control: 2
- No. of vessels per reference substance concentration: 1
- Sludge concentration: 1.52 g suspended solids/L
- Nutrients provided for bacteria: According to OECD 209 guideline
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Dilution water: Dechlorinated drinking water
- Oxygen consumption per hour in mg/Liter was measured and recorded - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-Dichlorphenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Details on results:
- No significant inhibition effects were observed after 3 hours exposure. Based on the nominal concentrations, the EC20-, EC50- and EC80 of the test substance were graphically determined to be over 100 mg/L. Therefore, the NOEC is determined as 100 mg/L. See Table 1 in "Any other information in results incl. tables" for an overview of the results.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Based on the nominal concentrations, the EC50 of the reference substance was graphically determined to be 10 mg/L.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See validation criteria in the "Any other information on the materials and methods incl. tables"
- Conclusions:
- After the incubation period of three hours, the test substance had ≤ 7% inhibition on the respiration rate of activated sludge at concentrations up to and including 100 mg/L, the highest concentration tested. Based on the findings, the 3-hour EC20, EC50 and EC80 were ≥100 mg/L. Therefore, the NOEC was determined to be 100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The inhibitory effects of the test substance on the respiration of aerobic wastewater bacteria were studied according to OECD guideline No. 209 and in compliance with GLP at a temperature of 20 ± 2 °C. The test organisms (activated sludge from a municipal sewage treatment plant) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 1.0, 3.2, 10.0, 32.0 and 100 mg/L of the test substance. The calculated amounts of the test substance to produce the desired test concentrations were mixed with 114 mL dechlorinated tap water, 6.4 mL nutrient solution and 80 mL of the activated sludge in 250 mL BOD flasks and aerated immediately. Two separate blank controls without test substance and three flasks with 3,5-dichlorophenol as a positive control substance at concentrations of 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L were additionally included in the study.
After the incubation period of three hours, oxygen consumption was determined in all flasks: the test substance produced ≤7% inhibition on the respiration rate of activated sludge at concentrations up to and including 100 mg/L in comparison with no and 1% inhibition in the blank controls. The 3-hour NOEC for the test substance was determined to be 100 mg/L. The 3-hour EC50 of the positive control substance was determined graphically as 10 mg/L, which is within the acceptable toxicity range for the positive control substance, demonstrating the suitability of the test system.
Reference
Table 1. Consumption rate and inhibitory effects of the test substance and reference
Samples |
Con. (mg/L) |
Consumption rate (mg/L/h) |
Inhibition (%) |
pH* |
Blank 1 |
0.0 |
51.7 |
-1 |
7.8 |
Blank 2 |
0.0 |
50.8 |
1 |
7.9 |
Reference 1 |
32.0 |
9.0 |
83 |
7.9 |
Reference 2 |
10.0 |
19.8 |
61 |
7.9 |
Reference 3 |
3.2 |
47.6 |
7 |
8.0 |
Test con. 1 |
100.0 |
47.6 |
7 |
7.9 |
Test con. 2 |
32.0 |
48.4 |
6 |
7.8 |
Test con. 3 |
10.0 |
50.0 |
3 |
7.9 |
Test con. 4 |
3.2 |
50.0 |
3 |
8.0 |
Test con. 5 |
1.0 |
50.8 |
1 |
7.9 |
* The pH was measured after 3h aeration.
Description of key information
3-h NOEC = 100 mg/L, Activated sludge, inhibition of total respiration, OECD TG 209, Grade 1998
3-h EC50 ≥ 100 mg/L, Activated sludge, inhibition of total respiration, OECD TG 209, Grade 1998
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
The inhibitory effects of the test substance on the respiration of aerobic wastewater bacteria were studied according to OECD guideline No. 209 and in compliance with GLP at a temperature of 20 ± 2 °C. The test organisms (activated sludge from a municipal sewage treatment plant) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 1.0, 3.2, 10.0, 32.0 and 100 mg/L of the test substance. The calculated amounts of the test substance to produce the desired test concentrations were mixed with 114 mL dechlorinated tap water, 6.4 mL nutrient solution and 80 mL of the activated sludge in 250 mL BOD flasks and aerated immediately. Two separate blank controls without test substance and three flasks with 3,5-dichlorophenol as a positive control substance at concentrations of 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L were additionally included in the study.
After the incubation period of three hours, oxygen consumption was determined in all flasks: the test substance produced ≤7% inhibition on the respiration rate of activated sludge at concentrations up to and including 100 mg/L in comparison with no and 1% inhibition in the blank controls. The 3-hour NOEC for the test substance was determined to be 100 mg/L. The 3-hour EC50 of the positive control substance was determined graphically as 10 mg/L, which is within the acceptable toxicity range for the positive control substance, demonstrating the suitability of the test system.
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