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EC number: 451-330-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 14 November 2003 to 27 January 2004
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 004
- Report date:
- 2004
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (2E,5Z)-5,6,7-trimethylocta-2,5-dien-4-one
- Cas Number:
- 357650-26-1
- Molecular formula:
- C11H18O
- IUPAC Name:
- (2E,5Z)-5,6,7-trimethylocta-2,5-dien-4-one
- Reference substance name:
- (2E,5E)-5,6,7-trimethylocta-2,5-dien-4-one
- Cas Number:
- 847144-75-6
- Molecular formula:
- C11H18O
- IUPAC Name:
- (2E,5E)-5,6,7-trimethylocta-2,5-dien-4-one
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Batch No. 9000530064
Aspect: Slightly yellow liquid
Purity: 96.7%
Expiry date: 12-Sept-2004
Method
- Target gene:
- Histidine locus
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Type and composition of metabolic activation system:
- source of S9 : prepared from 8 - 12 weeks old male Wistar Hanlbm rats, weight approx. 220 - 320 g induced by applications of 80 mg/kg b.w. Phenobarbital i.p. (Desitin; D-22335 Hamburg) and P-Naphthoflavone p.o. (Aldrich, D-89555 Steinheim) each on three consecutive days. The livers are prepared 24 hours after the last treatment.
- method of preparation of S9 mix : Before the experiment an appropriate quantity of S9 supernatant was thawed and mixed with S9 co-factor solution. The amount of S9 supernatant was 15% v/v in the cultures. Cofactors are added to the S9 mix to reach the following concentrations in the S9 mix:
8 mM MgCl2
33 mM KCI
5 mM Glucose-6-phosphate
5 mM NADP
in 100 mM sodium-ortho-phosphate-buffer, pH 7.4.
- concentration or volume of S9 mix and S9 in the final culture medium : 500 µL S9 mix (for test with metabolic activation) - Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- In the pre-experiment the concentration range of the test item was 3 - 5000 µg/plate. The pre-experiment is reported as experiment I since relevant toxic effects were observed the concentrations in experiment II were reduced.
The concentration range included two logarithmic decades. The following concentrations were tested:
Experiment I: 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 µg/plate
Experiment II
strain TA 1535: 0.1; 0.3; 1; 3; 1O; 33; 100; 333; 1000; and 2500 µg/plate
strains TA 98, TA 102 without S9 mix: 1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 250; 333; and 500 µg/plate
with S9 mix:1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 500 and 1000 µg/plate
strains TA 1537, TA 100:
1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; and 2500 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: ethanol 99%
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: The solvent was chosen because of its solubility properties and its relative nontoxicity to the bacteria
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- methylmethanesulfonate
- other: 4-nitro-o-phenylene-diamine for TA 1537 and TA 98 without S9; 2-aminoanthracene for all strains with S9
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: Triplicate
METHOD OF APPLICATION: In agar (plate incorporation method)
The following materials were mixed in a test tube and poured onto the selective agar plates:
- 100 µLTest solution at each dose level, solvent (negative control) or reference mutagen solution (positive control),
- 500 µLS9 mix (for test with metabolic activation) or S9 mix substitution buffer (for test without metabolic activation),
- 100 µL Bacteria suspension (cf. test system, pre-culture of the strains),
- 2000 µL Overlay agar
In the pre-incubation assay 100 µL test solution, 500 µL S9 mix/ S9 mix substitution buffer and 100 µL bacterial suspension were mixed in a test tube and incubated at 37°C for 60 minutes. After pre-incubation 2.0 ml overlay agar (45° C) was added to each tube. The mixture was poured on minimal agar plates.
DURATION
- Incubation period: ca. 48 hours at 37 °C - Rationale for test conditions:
- In accordance with the relevant guidelines.
- Evaluation criteria:
- A test item is considered as a mutagen if a biologically relevant increase in the number of revertants exceeding the threshold of twice (strains TA 98, TA 100, and TA 102) or thrice (strains TA 1535 and TA 1537) the colony count of the corresponding solvent control is observed.
A dose dependent increase is considered biologically relevant if the threshold is exceeded at more than one concentration.
An increase exceeding the threshold at only one concentration is judged as biologically relevant if reproduced in an independent second experiment.
A dose dependent increase in the number of revertant colonies below the threshold is regarded as an indication of a mutagenic potential if reproduced in an independent second experiment. However, whenever the colony counts remain within the historical range of negative and solvent controls such an increase is not considered biologically relevant. - Statistics:
- A statistical analysis of the data is not required
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- True negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- No substantial increase in revertant colony numbers of any of the five tester strains was observed following treatment with GR-85-2517 at any concentration level, neither in the presence nor absence of metabolic activation (S9 mix). There was also no tendency of higher mutation rates with increasing concentrations in the range below the generally acknowledged border of biological relevance.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The plates incubated with the test item showed irregular background growth at the following concentrations (µg / plate)
Strain |
Experiment I |
Experiment II |
||
|
without S9 mix |
with S9 mix |
without S9 mix |
with S9 mix |
TA 1535 |
2500 - 5000 |
2500 - 5000 |
1000 - 2500 |
2500 |
TA 1537 |
2500 - 5000 |
2500- 5000 |
1000 - 2500 |
1000 - 2500 |
TA98 |
2500- 5000 |
1000- 5000 |
I |
500 - 1000 |
TA 100 |
2500 - 5000 |
1000- 5000 |
333- 2500 |
1000 - 2500 |
TA 102 |
2500 - 5000 |
2500 - 5000 |
333-500 |
500 - 1000 |
I= no reduced back ground growth observed
Toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants were observed at the following concentrations ( µg/plate):
Strain |
Experiment I |
Experiment II |
||
|
without S9 mix |
with S9 mix |
without S9 mix |
with S9 mix |
TA 1535 |
5000 |
2500 -5000 |
1000 - 2500 |
2500 |
TA 1537 |
2500 - 5000 |
2500- 5000 |
1000 - 2500 |
2500 |
TA98 |
5000 |
2500- 5000 |
500 |
500 - 1000 |
TA 100 |
2500 - 5000 |
1000 - 5000 |
333- 2500 |
1000 - 2500 |
TA 102 |
333- 5000 |
1000 - 5000 |
333- 500 |
500 - 1000 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- It can be stated that during the described mutagenicity test and under the experimental conditions reported, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.
- Executive summary:
This study was performed to investigate the potential of GR-85-2517 to induce gene muta tions according to the plate incorporation test (experiment I) and the pre-incubation test (experiment 11) using the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100, and TA 102.
The assay was performed in four independent experiments all with and without liver microsomal activation. Due to strong toxicity in the second experiment performed as pre incubation assay (data not shown) this test had to be repeated as Experiment III (reported as exp. 11). Since in the third experiment in strain TA 1535 no toxic effects were observed, the pre-incubation assay was repeated again with strain TA 1535 with higher concentrations (data reported as exp. II). Each concentration, including the controls, was tested in triplicate. The test item was tested at the following concentrations:
Experiment I: 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 µg/plate
Experiment II
strain TA 1535: 0.1; 0.3; 1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; and 2500 µg/plate
strains TA 98, TA 102
without S9 mix: 1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 250; 333; and 500 µg/plate
with S9 mix: 1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 500; and 1000 µg/plate
strains TA 1537, TA 100: 1; 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; and 2500 µg/plate
At higher concentrations, irregular background growth was observed with and without metabolic activation in all strains used.
Strong toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants, occurred in the test groups with and without metabolic activation at higherconcentrations.
No substantial increase in revertant colony numbers of any of the five tester strains was observed following treatment with GR-85-2517 at any dose level, neither in the presence nor absence of metabolic activation (S9 mix). There was also no tendency of higher mutation rates with increasing concentrations in the range below the generally acknowledged border of biological relevance.
Appropriate reference mutagens were used as positive controls and showed a distinct in crease of induced revertant colonies
In conclusion, it can be stated that during the described mutagenicity test and under the experimental conditions reported, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.
Therefore, GR-85-2517 is considered to be non-mutagenic in this Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay.
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