Pitch, coal tar, high-temp., < 1% 4- to 5-membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

09 July 2007 - 14 Aug 2007

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Pitch, coal tar, high-temp., < 1% 4- to 5-membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons

EC Number:

701-305-8

Molecular formula:

not applicaple - UVCB

IUPAC Name:

Pitch, coal tar, high-temp., < 1% 4- to 5-membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons

Test material form:

solid: pellets

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples for TOC-analysis were taken at 0 h and 48 h

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) prepared by stirring various amounts of the test item in Daphnia-medium
for 24 h with magnetic stirrers (open conditions). The WAFs were prepared in 2-L glass beakers.
The beakers were equipped with a glass tube that allowed the separation of the water phase by siphoning.
The test material was reduced to small pieces with a pestle and then was directly weighed into the glass beakers.
The beakers were then filled with Daphnia-medium.
Mixing was carried out at a speed that was slow enough not to cause dispersion or emulsification of the undissolved fraction
of the test item. To ensure this, the vortex developed at the surface by stirring was set at ~ 10 % of the water depth.
After stirring for 24 h the WAFs were allowed to stand for 1 h before use to facilitate phase separation.
The extracts gained with this method were clear.

- Pre-conditioning: The test vessels of the Definite Daphnia-Test were rinsed with control media and WAFs for ca. 0.5 h before the definite
start of the tests to facilitate adsorption of the test item to the glass walls of the beakers.
Control media and WAFs were then discarded, and the test vessels were refilled again with control media and WAFs, respectively.

- Differential loading: control, 100 and 1000 mg/L (range finding)
control, 100 mg/L
- Controls: without test material (blank; Daphnia medium)
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): none
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): no

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia
- Strain: Clone 5
- Source: origin German Environmental Ministry
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): =< 24 h
- Method of breeding: The animals are cultivated in a climate-controlled room (light/dark = 14 h/10 h; illumination: Gro-Lux fluorescent tubes).

- Feeding during test
- Food type: The animals are fed with algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

none

Test conditions

Hardness:

see data under "salinity"

Test temperature:

20.1 – 20.2 °C (20 °C ± 2 °C)

pH:

7.8 - 8.1 at 0, 24 and 48 h

Dissolved oxygen:

7.2 - 7.6 mg/L at 0, 24 and 48 h

Salinity:

The total of Ca- and Mg-ions was 2.5 mmol/L, the ratio of Ca/Mg was 4:1, the ratio of Na/K was 10:1. The total alkalinity of the solution was 0.8 mmol/L, the pH-value was 7.8 ± 0.2.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Main test series:
Time [h] Control 1000 mg/L (loading)
================================
0 0.9 0.5 mg/L (TOC of WAF)
48 0.6 0.6 mg/L (TOC of WAF)
===================================

Range finding (pretest):
Time [h] Control 100 mg/L 1000 mg/L (Loading)
=============================================
0 0.6 0.5 0.7 mg/L (TOC of WAF)
48 0.4 0.5 0.7 mg/L (TOC of WAF)
===============================================

TOC-values appeared to slightly increase with loading range (low water solubility of the test item).
TOC-values were approximately constant over the 48-h test.
Note: Test material-related values are in the range of background values and hence are not precisely quantifiable by the method applied.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beaker, 50 mL, test volume: 20 mL
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): not applicable


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: no data
- Total organic carbon: no data
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
- Conductivity: no data
- Culture medium different from test medium: no


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h dark
- Light intensity: no data, Gro-Lux fluorescent tubes


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ---
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 100 and 1000 mg/L (loading)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
immobilisation 0 % at 100 mg/L
immobilisation 10 % at 1000 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 1/20 immobile

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Effect conc.:

ca. 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Other biological observations:
- Mortality/immobilisation of control: 0/10 (pretest) and 0/20 (main test)
- Mortality/immobilisation in pretest: 0/10 at 1000 mg/L
- Mortality/immobilisation in main test: 1/20 at 1000 mg/L after 48 h
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: none
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none

Reported statistics and error estimates:

not applicable

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

- Immobilisation in the control: 0 % / 0 % (nominal value ≤10 %) - Dissolved oxygen in all vessels: >= 7.2 mg/L (nominal value >= 3 mg/L)