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EC number: 607-858-0 | CAS number: 260781-16-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1994-04-12 to 1994-05-12
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1992)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1992)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- signed 1994-03-16
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Method of cultivation: aerobic
- Pretreatment: The activated sludge was maintained on aeration at 21 °C and the sludge was washed 3 times in culture medium by settlement and resuspended prior to use
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg ss/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 15.7 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral nutrient solution acc. to OECD 301
- Test temperature: 21 °C
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg/L
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5 L-glass culture vessels containing 3 L
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 bottles for test item, inoculum blank, and procedure control each, and 1 bottle for abiotic control
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: culture vessels were sealed and CO2-free air bubbled through the solution at a rate of 30 - 50 mL/min.
- Measuring equipment: Ionics 555 TOC Analyser
- Details of trap for CO2: 2 x 500 mL Dreschel bottles filled with 350 mL 0.05 M NaOH.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Samples (2 mL) were taken from the first CO2 absorber vessles on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 27, 28, and 29. The second absorber vessel was sampled on days 0 and 29.
- Sampling method: direct analysis of evolved CO2 by TOC Analyser
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: culture medium and inoculum
- Abiotic sterile control: culture medium, inoculum and test item poisoned by additionof 10 mL of 10 g/L mercuric chloride solution
STATISTICAL METHODS:
The percentage degradation or percentage of Theoretical Amount of Carbon Dioxide (ThCO2) produced was calculated as given in the OECD 301B (1992). - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Test performance:
- No unusual observations during test.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 78
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 10-d window was passed
- Details on results:
- The results of the inorganic carbon analysis of both absorber vessels confirmed that no significant amounts of CO2 were present in solution in the culture vessels as inorganic carbonate.
Analysis of the test media from the test material culture vessels on days 0 and 29 for total organic carbon (TOC) gave a percentage degradation value of 100% for both replicates R1 and R2 respectively. Analysis of the test media from the abiotic control vessel showed a 60% loss of TOC after 29 days. The higher degradation value calculated from TOC analysis as compared to that calculated from the production of carbon dioxide is considered to be due to adsorption of the test material to the glassware and/or incorporation into cellular material. The result of the TOC analysis of the abiotic control i.e. a 60% loss of TOC after 29 days, suggests the test material adsorbs to the glassware used in the study. - Results with reference substance:
- - Biodegradation of reference item sodium benzoate: > 60 % after 6 days; 80 % after 14 days
-Validity: degradation of reference item reached pass level (> 60 % after 14 days) - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test item is readily biodegradable since a 78% degradation was observed after 28 days (10-day window passed).
- Executive summary:
The biodegradability of the test item was initated according to OECD 301 B (1992) at a concentration of 15.7 mg/L corresponding to 10 mg C/L. The substance is considered to be readily biodegradable under the test conditions; the biodegradation amounted to 78 % after 28 days and the 10-d window was passed. A toxicity control was not performed.
Reference
Percentage biodegradation
Day |
% Degradation Sodium Benzoate |
% Degradation Test item |
% Abiotic Degradation Test item Abiotic Control |
1 2 3 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 28 29* |
4 18 37 65 77 78 78 80 82 81 89 87 86 89 83 81 |
0 0 3 34 52 52 67 69 71 71 77 76 74 81 78 77 |
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 |
*Day 29 values corrected to include any carry-over of CO2detected in absorber 2 on Day 29.
Total organic values in culture vessels
Test Material |
T0C* Concentration in culture vessel (mg/L) |
||||
Day 0 |
Day 29 |
||||
mg C/L |
% of nominal carbon content |
mg C/L |
% of initial carbon concentration |
% degradation |
|
Test item mg C/L R1
|
10.15 |
102 |
0.00 |
0 |
100 |
Test item mg C/L R2
|
9.91 |
99 |
0.00 |
0 |
100 |
Test item Abiotic Control mg C/L |
12.49 |
125 |
4.99 |
40 |
60 |
R1– R2= Replicates 1 and 2
*Corrected for control values
Description of key information
readily biodegradable (78 % after 28 days; 10-d window passed)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
The biodegradability of the test item was initiated according to OECD 301 B (1992) at a concentration of 15.7 mg/L corresponding to 10 mg C/L. The substance is considered to be readily biodegradable under the test conditions; the biodegradation amounted to 78 % after 28 days and the 10-d window was passed. A toxicity control was not performed.
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