Essential oil of Cistus ladaniferus L (Cistaceae) obtained from stems and leaves by distillation

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

April - May 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2016

Report date:

2016

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

January 2015

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Pin-2(3)-ene

EC Number:

201-291-9

EC Name:

Pin-2(3)-ene

Cas Number:

80-56-8

Molecular formula:

C10H16

IUPAC Name:

2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one

EC Number:

219-309-9

EC Name:

2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one

Cas Number:

2408-37-9

Molecular formula:

C9H16O

IUPAC Name:

2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone

Constituent 3

Reference substance name:

(1α,3α,5α)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-ol

EC Number:

216-813-0

EC Name:

(1α,3α,5α)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-ol

Cas Number:

1674-08-4

Molecular formula:

C10H16O

IUPAC Name:

6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-ol

Constituent 4

Reference substance name:

Endo-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl acetate

EC Number:

200-964-4

EC Name:

Endo-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl acetate

Cas Number:

76-49-3

Molecular formula:

C12H20O2

IUPAC Name:

1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl acetate

Constituent 5

Reference substance name:

[1aR-(1aα,7α,7aβ,7bα)]-1a,2,3,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1H-cycloprop[e]azulene

EC Number:

244-565-3

EC Name:

[1aR-(1aα,7α,7aβ,7bα)]-1a,2,3,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1H-cycloprop[e]azulene

Cas Number:

21747-46-6

Molecular formula:

C15H24

IUPAC Name:

(1aR,7R,7aS,7bR)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1a,2,3,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulene

Constituent 6

Reference substance name:

1aR,4R,4aS,7R,7aS,7bS)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulen-4-ol

Cas Number:

577-27-5

Molecular formula:

C15H26O

IUPAC Name:

1aR,4R,4aS,7R,7aS,7bS)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulen-4-ol

Constituent 7

Reference substance name:

[1aR-(1aα,4β,4aβ,7α,7aβ,7bα)]-decahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1H-cycloprop[e]azulen-4-ol

EC Number:

209-003-3

EC Name:

[1aR-(1aα,4β,4aβ,7α,7aβ,7bα)]-decahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1H-cycloprop[e]azulen-4-ol

Cas Number:

552-02-3

Molecular formula:

C15H26O

IUPAC Name:

(1aR,4S,4aS,7R,7aS,7bS)-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulen-4-ol

Test material form:

liquid

Details on test material:

Name Cistus Organic Oil
Batch no. 1215/2
CAS No. 89997-74-0
EINECS-No. 289-711-7
Purity 100%wt (UVCB substance)
Appearance: orange-yellow mobile liquid
Production date 23. Dec. 2015
Expiry date 22. Dec. 2017
Storage: Room Temperature (20 ± 5°C)

Method

Target gene:

Histidine and Tryptophane

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

10 % S9 mix; S9 fraction prepared from liver homogenates of male Sprague Dawley rats

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

- TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and E. Coli WP2: 50, 150, 500, 1500, 3500 and 5000 μg/plate, with and without S9-mix
At 5000 µg/plate important bacteriostatic activity was observed, thus a dose at 3500 µg/plate was also used.

Vehicle / solvent:

- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

9,10-dimethylbenzanthracene

9-aminoacridine

2-nitrofluorene

sodium azide

other: 2-Antramine (2µg/plate with S9 metablica activation), 9-Aminoacridine (50µg/plate without metabolic activation), cis-Platinum (II) Diammine dichloride (1µg/plate without metabolica activation)

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

SOURCE OF THE TEST SYSTEM: Strains were obtained from MOLTOX TM.

METHOD OF APPLICATION: In agar (plate incorporation); preincubation

NUMBER OF REPLICATES: Controls and treatment were performed in triplicate.

DURATION
- Preincubation period: 30 minutes at 37 °C, with shaking
- Incubation period: Plates were inverted and incubated at 37 °C in the dark for 48-72 hour in both direct plate and preincubation methods.

Evaluation criteria:

The following criteria were checked to validate the study:
- the bacteriostatic activity of the highest concentration tested shall be equal to or less than 75 %,
- the spontaneous reversion rate of the absolute negative control shall comply with the historical values of the laboratory,
- the spontaneous reversion rate of the solvent shall not be statistically different from absolute negative control,
- the mean number of revertant colonies obtained for each strain and the corresponding positive control, with and/or without metabolic activation shall comply with the historical values of the laboratory.
- Negative and positive values should not show significant difference with the historical values of the laboratory (± 2 standard deviations).

Statistics:

No data

Results and discussion

Test results

Test results 1

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

moderate thinning of the background bacterial lawn at 3500 µg/plate and above

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 2

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1537

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

moderate thinning of the background bacterial lawn at 3500 and 5000µg/plate

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 3

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 98

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

moderate thinning of the background bacterial lawn at 3500 and 5000µg/plate

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 4

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

moderate thinning of the background bacterial lawn at 3500 and 5000µg/plate

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 5

Key result

Species / strain:

E. coli WP2 uvr A pKM 101

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Remarks:

moderate thinning of the background bacterial lawn at 3500 and 5000µg/plate

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

Preliminary cytotoxicity testing (Strain TA100):
Bacteriostatic test has been performed, in case of bacteriostatic activity the concentration, the highest concentration that will be retained for the study is the concentration that induices a bacteriostatic activity of 75% or less.
Bacteriostatic activity has been observed at 500µg/plate

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, the test item is not considered as mutagenic in S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and in Escherichia coli WP2 (uvrA-) (pKM 101) strains without, or with metabolic activation.

Executive summary:

In a reverse gene mutation assay in bacteria, performed according to the OECD Guideline 471 and in compliance with GLP, strains of Salmonella typhimurium(TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and E.coli WP2) were exposed to test item, cistus oil (N0300) at the following concentrations: 

- TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and E.coli WP2: 50, 150, 500, 1500, 3500 and 5000 μg/plate, with and without S9-mix

 

Metabolic activation system used in this test 10 % S9 mix; S9 fraction prepared from liver homogenates of male Sprague Dawley rats . Vehicle, negative and positive control groups were also included in mutagenicity tests.

 

In Experiments , following the treatment,evidence of toxicity was observed at 5000 μg/plate and/or 3500 μg/plate in all strains in the absence and presence of S-9.

 

The mean numbers of revertant colonies are fell within acceptable ranges for vehicle control treatments, and were elevated by positive control treatments.

 

No significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies were recorded for any of the bacterial strains, at any dose level either with or without metabolic activation. 

 

Under the test conditions, test item is not considered as mutagenic in this bacterial system.