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EC number: 500-740-9 | CAS number: 162492-07-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From June 23, 2011 to July 22, 2011
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see ''Principle of method if other than guideline''
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see ''Principle of method if other than guideline''
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- CAS No.: 162492-07-1; Batch No.: 1591ZG-075; Main component: 40 - 75 %; Content (certified): >98 %; Appearance: solid, off-white / cream powder
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Test system: inoculum of the aqueous phase of non adapted activated sludge,
Source: Municipal sewage treatment plant, D-31137 Hildesheim,
Reasons for the selection of the test system: Activated sludge from the sewage plant at Hildesheim is well suited as it receives predominantly municipal sewage and hardly any industrial chemical waste,
Pretreatment: The activated sludge was washed twice with autoclaved tap water. After the second washing the settled sludge was resuspended in mineral salts medium and was maintained in an aerobic condition by aeration for 4 hours. Thereafter the sludge was homogenized with a blender. The supernatant was decanted and maintained in an aerobic condition by aeration with CO2 free air for 5 days. 10 mL/L were used to initiate inoculation,
Colony forming units: approx. 10+E7 – 10+E8 CFU/L in the test vessel. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 11.2 other: mg C/L
- Based on:
- TOC
- Initial conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Based on:
- act. ingr.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- Functional control: sodium benzoate (Fluka)
Replicates: single
Test concentration: 20 mg/L
ThCO2: 2.13 mg CO2/mg
ThTOC: 0.58 mg C/mg
Carbon content in the vessel: 11.6 mg C/L
Test substance:
Replicates: duplicates
Test concentration: 20 mg/L
TOC: 0.560 mg C/mg
ThCO2: 2.06 mg CO2/mg test item
Carbon content in the vessel: 11.2 mg C/L
Pretreatment: ultrasonic treatment, 15 minutes at room temperature
Toxicity control: test substance and reference substance in test concentration
Replicates: single
Inoculum control: test medium without test and/or reference substance
Replicates: duplicates
Application: once at test start
Test vessels: 5000 mL, brown glass
Volume of the test medium: 3000 mL
Test medium: mineral salts medium acc. to OECD 301 B / CO2 Evolution test 20.0 - 24.0 °C
Dispersion treatment: continuous stirring
Aeration: 30 - 100 mL/min
Photoperiod: low light conditions (brown glass bottles)
Course of the study:
The necessary amounts of bidistilled water, mineral salts medium and inoculum were placed in each of the incubation vessels. The vessels were aerated for 24 hours with CO2 free air. After 24 hours the CO2 adsorption vessels were connected to the air outlets of the incubation vessels via a series of 3 gas wash bottles, each containing 100 mL of a 0.0125 mol/L Ba(OH)2 solution.
Test and reference substance were weighed out. A defined volume of bidistilled water was added to the test substance and was treated with ultrasound. The test substance dispersions and the reference substance were transferred into the incubation vessels. The vessels were made up to 3 L with bidistilled water and connected to the system for the production of CO2 free air.
On day 28, 1 mL 37 % HCl was added to each of the vessels. Aeration was continued for further 24 hours and the quantity of CO2 released was determined. - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Test performance:
- I
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 29 d
- Details on results:
- The adaptation phase of the functional control changed after 2 days into the degradation phase (degradation >10 %). The course of the degradation was rapid and the functional control reached the pass level of 60 % after 6 days. After 18 days the plateau was reached with a biodegradation of 82 %. The validity criterion degradation 60 % after 14 days is fulfilled.
In the toxicity control a biodegradation of 39 % was determined within 14 days and it came to 39 % after 28 days. The biodegradation of the reference substance was not inhibited by the test substance in the toxicity control.
Both test substance replicates did not reach the 10 % level, the biodegradation remained at 0 % until 28 days.
The test substance is classified as not readily biodegradable in the 10-d-window and after 28 days.
In the inoculum control the total CO2 production was 30.3 mg CO2/L after 28 days (validity criterion: < 40 mg CO2/L after 28 days). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, biodegradation of the test substance remained at 0% until Day 28, so that it was not considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to evaluate the ready biodegradability of the tests substance according to OECD Guideline 301B (CO2 evolution test) and EU Method C.4 - C, in compliance with GLP. Biodegradation was determined using non-adapted activated sludge over a test period of 28 d. The substance was tested at a concentration of 20 mg/L in duplicate, corresponding to a total organic carbon content (TOC) of 11.2 mg /L in the test vessels. Biodegradation was followed by titrimetric analysis of the quantity of CO2 produced by the respiration of bacteria. Degradation was stopped on Day 28 by acidification of the test solutions. The last titration was made on Day 29, after residual CO2 had been purged from the test solutions over a period of 24 h. The percentage CO2 production was calculated in relation to the theoretical CO2 production (ThCO2) of the test substance. Biodegradation was calculated for each titration time. To check the activity of the test system, sodium benzoate was used as functional control. The percentage degradation of the functional control reached the pass level of 60% after 6 d and the plateau after 18 d, with a biodegradation of 82%. In the toxicity control containing both test and reference substance, a biodegradation of 39% was determined within 14 d, reaching 39% after 28 d. The biodegradation of the reference substance was not inhibited by the test substance in the toxicity control. Under the study conditions, biodegradation of the test substance remained at 0% until Day 28, so that it was not considered to be readily biodegradable (Fiebig, 2011).
Reference
CO2-production and biodegradation after 28 days:
CO2-Productionafter 28 d |
Functional |
Test 20 mg/L No.1 |
Sub. No. 2 |
Toxicity Control |
Net [mg/3 L] |
104.7 |
0.0 |
0.5 |
99.2 |
[mg/L] |
34.9 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
33.1 |
Theor. [mg/3 L] |
127.8 |
123.6 |
123.6 |
251.4 |
[mg/L] |
42.6 |
41.2 |
41.2 |
83.8 |
Degradation [%] after 28 d |
82 |
0 |
0 |
39 |
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
A study was conducted to evaluate the ready biodegradability of the tests substance according to OECD Guideline 301B (CO2 evolution test) and EU Method C.4 - C, in compliance with GLP. Biodegradation was determined using non-adapted activated sludge over a test period of 28 d. The substance was tested at a concentration of 20 mg/L in duplicate, corresponding to a total organic carbon content (TOC) of 11.2 mg /L in the test vessels. Biodegradation was followed by titrimetric analysis of the quantity of CO2 produced by the respiration of bacteria. Degradation was stopped on Day 28 by acidification of the test solutions. The last titration was made on Day 29, after residual CO2 had been purged from the test solutions over a period of 24 h. The percentage CO2 production was calculated in relation to the theoretical CO2 production (ThCO2) of the test substance. Biodegradation was calculated for each titration time. To check the activity of the test system, sodium benzoate was used as functional control. The percentage degradation of the functional control reached the pass level of 60% after 6 d and the plateau after 18 d, with a biodegradation of 82%. In the toxicity control containing both test and reference substance, a biodegradation of 39% was determined within 14 d, reaching 39% after 28 d. The biodegradation of the reference substance was not inhibited by the test substance in the toxicity control. Under the study conditions, biodegradation of the test substance remained at 0% until Day 28, so that it was not considered to be readily biodegradable (Fiebig, 2011).
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