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EC number: 231-154-9 | CAS number: 7440-45-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 11 SEPT 2006 to 30 JULY 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study performed according to an international guideline and according to GLP.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- and EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dicerium tricarbonate
- EC Number:
- 208-655-6
- EC Name:
- Dicerium tricarbonate
- Cas Number:
- 537-01-9
- IUPAC Name:
- dicerium tricarbonate
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: triplicates samples from the test medium (loading rate = 100 mg/L) and from the control were sampled just before test start and after 48 hours.
- Sampling method: no data
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: 3% nitric acid (HNO3, 65% Suprapur®, Merck) were added to stabilize the test item during the storage period. Then the samples were deep frozen and stored at about -20°C.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: an undiluted filtrate of a supersaturated dispersion with the loading rate of 152 mg/L was tested (corresponding to the loading rate of 100 mg/L when corrected for the water content of the test item).
The dispersion with the loading rate of 152 mg/L was prepared by dispersing 76.0 mg of the test item in 500 mL of test water. The test item was mixed into the test water as homogeneously as possible using ultrasonic treatment for 15 min and intense stirring. The dispersion was stirred on a magnetic stirrer at room temperature in the dark for seven days. After the stirring period, the dispersion was filtered through a membrane filter (0.45 µm). The undiluted filtrate of the dispersion was used as the test medium.
- Differential loadings: No (limit test)
- Controls: controls : blank (test water without test item)
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): no data
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: clone defined as clone 5
- Source: supplied in 1992 by University of Sheffield/UK
- Age at study initiation : 6-24 hours, not first brood progeny
- Weight and length at study initiation: no data
- Method of breeding: bred in RCC since 1992 in reconstituted water of the quality identical to the water used in the tests and under temperature and light conditions identical to those of the test.
- Feeding during test: No
ACCLIMATION
no
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 2.5 mmol/L (= 250 mg/L as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 20°C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- between 8.5 and 8.8 mg/L
- Salinity:
- not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type : 100 mL glass beakers
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: vessels filled with 50 mL of test medium
- Aeration: The test water was aerated prior to the start of the study until oxygen saturation was reached.During the test period, the test water was not aerated.
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): none (static test)
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 2 mL of medium per daphnia
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted test water : analytical grade salts dissolved in purified water
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio (mol): 4:1 (based on molarity)
- Na / K ratio: 10:1 (based on molarity)
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH values, the dissolved oxygen concentrations and the temperature were determined at the start and at the end of the test in the control and the test medium. The appearance of the test medium was also recorded at the start of the test and after 24 and 48 hours.
- No further data
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: a 16 hour light to 8 hour dark with a 30 minute transition period.
- Light intensity: between 470 and 640 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED :
The daphnids were observed for immobility after 24 and 48 hours of exposure (daphnids not being able to swim within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test beaker are considered to be immobilized).
The NOELR and EL0 were determined directly from the raw data. The EL50 and EL100 could not be determined due to the absence of a toxic effect of the test item in this test.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not relevant (limit test)
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations: No data
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no mortality at the undiluted loading rate. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- The analyticaly measured concentrations of cerium in the test medium samples taken at the start and at the end of the test were between 2 and 3 µg of Cerium/l (mean = 3.1 µg/L corresponding to 3.5 µg of cerium carbonate /L).
No remarkable observations concerning the appearance of the test medium. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Results with reference substance valid? yes
- 48h-EC50: 0.67 mg/L (acceptance range : 0.53 - 1.1 mg/L) (potassium dichromate) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- none
Any other information on results incl. tables
|
# : loading rate corrected for the water content of the test item
* : limit of quantification of 1 µg cerium/L, corresponding to 1.6 µg cerium carbonate/L
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test item had no acute toxic effects on Daphnia magna up to its solubility limit in the test water at the loading rate of 100 mg/L .
- Executive summary:
The 48hr-acute toxicity of cerium carbonate to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions according to the EU Commission Directive 92/69/EEC, Part C.2 (1992) and the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, N°202 (2004). Daphnids were exposed to control and test chemical at nominal concentration of 100 mg of dry substance /L (loading rate) for 48 hr. Mortality/immobilization were observed daily. In the control and at the loading rate of 100 mg/L, no immobilized test organisms were observed during the test period of 48 h. Thus, the 48 hour LL50 was > 100 mg/L and the 48h NOEC were >= 100 mg/L.
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