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EC number: 207-924-5 | CAS number: 501-52-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- This study was designed to assess the toxic effects of the test compound on the ZEBRA FISH(Danio rerio) .Bowl aquaria containing 2 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) were loaded with 8 fishes each. A static procedure was used for the study and it was conducted in compliance with the OECD guideline 203. The experimental phase of the main study started at 27-02-2017 and lasted for a period of 96 hrs.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - IUPAC name: 3-phenylpropanoic acid
- Molecular formula: C9H10O2
- Molecular weight: 150.176 g/mol
- Smiles: c1(CCC(O)=O)ccccc1
- InChI: 1S/C9H10O2/c10-9(11)7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5H,6-7H2,(H,10,11)
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: solid - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test substance was soluble in water. Therefore, the test solution was prepared by dissolving 400 mg of the test substance in 4 liters of potable water (passed through reverse osmosis system) with 1 hr
continuous stirring for achieving test concentrations of 100mg/L ,respectively. - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name:ZEBRA FISH
- Source:UNIQUE AQUARIUM, NAGPUR
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD):average 1.63 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD):0.1899g (average)
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:7 days
- Type and amount of food during acclimation:Standard brand feed
- Feeding frequency during acclimation:Daily once
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed):During last 48 hours = 0
FEEDING DURING TEST
- Food type:Standard brand feed
- Frequency:Withdrawal of food 1 day before and during exposure - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 148.5 mg of CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 23.5 °C
- pH:
- 7.15
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.9 mg/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- control and 100 mg/l
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:The test vessels used were all plastic aquaria having the water capacity of 5liters.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 2 liters
- No. of organisms per vessel:8 fishes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod:16 hours light and 8 hours dark
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Mortality and symptoms:
Nominal
Concentration
(mg/l)
Number of
fish
Mortality (cumulated) after
3 h
6 h
24h
48h
72h
96h
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
Control
4
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
100
4
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Visible Symptoms:
Nominal
Concentration
(mg/l)
Number of
fish
symptom (cumulated) after
3 h
6 h
24h
48h
72h
96h
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
V1
V2
Control
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
100
4
4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
NS4
Explanation of symptoms:
A: apathy
N: Narcotic-like state
C: Swimming near water surface
M: Slow movements compared to control
NS: No abnormal symptoms
S: Surfacing behaviour
L: Loss of equilibrium
SM: Shimming movement
H1: Hyperactivity
H2: Hypo activity
B: Bending behavior
F: Fin rot
IS: Invert Swimming
SB: Swimming behaviour
RF: Respiratory Function
P: Pigmentation
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median lethal Concentrations [LC-50 (96 h)] for CAS No.501-52-0 on ZEBRA FISH(Danio rerio)was found to be >100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for (test item name) 3-phenylpropionic acid The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 100mg/Land test fish were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The lethal concentrations LC50 was found to be >100 mg/L
LC0 (96 hours) (highest loading at which no mortality was observed) = No mortality was observed
LC50 (96 hours) Experimental = >100 mg/L
Reference
Description of key information
Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for (test item name) 3-phenylpropionic acid The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 100mg/Land test fish were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The lethal concentrations LC50 was found to be >100 mg/L
LC0 (96 hours) (highest loading at which no mortality was observed) = No mortality was observed
LC50 (96 hours) Experimental = >100 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Three studies including those from experimental study and validated prediction for short term fish toxicity endpoint of target chemical 3-phenylpropanoic acid (Cas no. 501-52-0) were summarized as followed:
First experimental key study by UERL laboratory; 2017 suggest the Fish Acute Toxicity test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for 3-phenylpropanoic acid , The nominal concentration selected for the experiment were 100mg/Land test fish were exposed to these concentration for 96 hours. The lethal concentrations LC50 was found to be >100 mg/L. No mortality was observed at 100 mg/l in 96 hrs exposure period thus LC0 was consider to be 100 mg/l.
Above aquatic classification supported by peer review journal (Spec.Sci.Rep.Fish.No.207, Fish Wildl.Serv., U.S.D.I., Washington, DC:157 p., 1957)which indicate the short term toxicity study to Petromyzon marinus was carried out for 24 hrs. Test was performed under static conditions. After exposure to test animal at dose conc.5 mg/l of test chemical 3-phenylpropanoic acid, no mortality effects were observed on fish. Thus, the NOEC value was consider to be 5 mg/l respectively.
Last study is prediction for target from EPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.10 predicted model, indicate the 96 hours LC50 was estimated to be 683.315 mg/l on Fish for substance 3-phenylpropanoic acid (CAS no. 501-52-0) on the basis of mortality effects using neutral organics class for prediction. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical 3-phenylpropanoic acid can be considered as non toxic to fish at mentioned predicted lethal concentration thus it can be considered not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.
Thus based on all available studies for target gives the lethal concentration is in the range of 100-683.315 mg/l and NOEC was 5 mg/l concluded that the test chemical 3-phenylpropanoic acid (Cas no. 501-52-0) considered as non-toxic to fish and thus cannot be classified as hazardous as per the CLP criteria.
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