Disodium 2-(3-oxo-6-oxidoxanthen-9-yl)benzoate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Description of key information

Based on mortality of test organism Rainbow trout, Channel catfish and Bluegill, the 24, 48 and 96 hrs LC50 values was given-
Rainbow trout: LC50 values at
24 hrs - 4198 mg/l
48 hrs - 3420 mg/l
96 hrs –1372 mg/l
Channel catfish: LC50 values at
24 hrs -3828 mg/l
48 hrs -2826 mg/l
96 hrs –2267 mg/l
Bluegill: LC50 values at
24 hrs -5000 mg/l
48 hrs -4898 mg/l
96 hrs –3433 mg/l

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

1 372 mg/L

Additional information

Various studies from peer reviewed journals for the target chemical Fluorescein sodium (Cas no. 518-47-8) were reviewed to summarize the following information:

1.The Progressive Fish – Culturist, Vol. 31 (3), Pg. no. 139-142, 1969:

Short term toxicity study to 3 different species of fish was carried out for 96 hrs.The test organism include-

1.      Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

2.      Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and

3.      Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)

The dye fluorescein sodium (9-(0-carboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-3-isoxanthenone) was acquired from Matheson, Coleman, and Bell in a dry powder in a grade.The dye for the toxicity study was weighed separately for each vessel.Stock solutions of the water-soluble dye was prepared for concentrations of 5 and 100 p.p.m. in the antimycin-dye mixtures. Because antimycin is relatively insoluble in water, it was first dissolved in acetone and then diluted with water.The conc. of test chemical used for the study was 5 and 100 mg/l (5 and 100 ppm), respectively.

The toxicity study was performed at temperature of 21°C. LC50 value was determined at 24, 48 and 96 hrs.Based on mortality of test organism Rainbow trout, Channel catfish and Bluegill, the 24, 48 and 96 hrs LC50 values was given-

Rainbow trout:LC50 values at

24 hrs - 4198 mg/l

48 hrs - 3420 mg/l

96 hrs –1372 mg/l

 Channel catfish:LC50 values at

24 hrs -3828 mg/l

48 hrs -2826 mg/l

96 hrs –2267 mg/l

Bluegill:LC50 values at

24 hrs -5000 mg/l

48 hrs -4898 mg/l

96 hrs –3433 mg/l

2. The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 3, Pg. no. 205-214, 1978:

Short term toxicity study toOryzias latipeswas carried out for 48 hrs and survival rate (in %) was determined. As no mortality of test animal was observed after 48 hrs, the LC0 value was found to be 3,000 mg/l. Thus, the survival rate of fish after 48 hrs was found to be 100%.

3. The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 3, Pg. no. 205-214, 1978 and 1979:

Short term toxicity study toOryzias latipeswas carried out for 48 hrs and TLm (median tolerance limit) value was determined. The TLm value was found to be 3,000 mg/l at 48 hrs.

TLm (median tolerance limit) value consider to be median lethal concentration (LC50) thus based on mortality of test fishes, the 48 hr LC50 value was found to be 3,000 mg/l.

4. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Volume 38, Issue 1, pp 75-96; 1995:

Ecological assessments for both acute and chronic effects for the 3 life forms of fish was conduct.During experimentThe Median Lethal Concentration which is estimated to be lethal to 50% of fish in 96 hours exposure to the test chemical (LC50) was found to be 2200mg/l.

5. Hydrogeology Journal (2001) 9:321–325:

Ecotoxicological assessments were based on the determination of acute toxicity to fish according to DIN 38412, Part 31 (Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. 1989). For the fish test, zebra fish were used as a modification of the guideline.

The Median Lethal Concentration which is found to be lethal to 0% of zebrafish in a 96 hours exposure to the test chemical (LC0) was found to be greater than 10mg/l

The fluorescent dyes that showed no effect upon either the genotoxicity or the ecotoxicity tests were classified by the Working Group as SAFE for use in water tracing thus Uranine is classified as safe for use in water tracing.

Thus on the basis of the above all experimental results from peer reviewed journals concluded that the target chemical Fluorescein sodium (Cas no.518-47-8) can be non- hazardous to fish.