Ethanol

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Administrative data

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

valid with restrictions Hypothesis and analogue approach for read-across: This substance (S-Ethanol, composition 2) has degree of ethanol purity between 76 - 82%. Methanol is the main impurity of the target substance (conc. 13-14 %), and considered the major driver for adverse effects based on its properties and relative quantity in the substance. Therefore, testing of the substance itself was considered unnecessary. Instead the available REACH registration data of ethanol and methanol is used in order to update the chemical safety assessment of this substance. Other impurities of this substance are taken into account for self-classification, but there is no need to consider their properties in hazard assessment because of low concentrations (see IUCLID section 1.2; composition 2).

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Accumulation of pollutants in fish

Author:

Gluth, G. et al.

Year:

1985

Bibliographic source:

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 81C(2): 273-277

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The amount of radioactivity derived from 14-C-labelled methanol was determined in the liver, kidneys, intestine, muscle, blood and gills after exposure to carp.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Methanol

EC Number:

200-659-6

EC Name:

Methanol

Cas Number:

67-56-1

Molecular formula:

CH4O

IUPAC Name:

methanol

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Methanol
- Analytical purity: purest chemical grade commercially available

Radiolabelling:

yes

Sampling and analysis

Details on sampling:

- Sampling intervals/frequency for test organisms: three fishes at 6, 24, and 72 hours
- Sampling intervals/frequency for test medium samples: 0, 6, 24, and 72 hours

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): ethanol
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) at different concentrations and in control(s)): 1 mL/L
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): no

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Cyprinus carpio

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: carp
- Source: commercial dealer
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 12 - 17 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 40 - 80g
- Weight at termination (mean and range, SD):
- Description of housing/holding area: large tanks, at 12°C, filtered tap water, fed daily on carp diet
- Feeding during test
- not fed 2 days before and during test


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 4 weeks; 2 weeks before test they were brought to test aquaria
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): no
- Type and amount of food: commercial carp pellets
- Feeding frequency: daily
- water renewal: 2/3 every 2 days

Study design

Route of exposure:

aqueous

Test type:

static

Water / sediment media type:

natural water: freshwater

Total exposure / uptake duration:

72 h

Total depuration duration:

h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

20°C

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): 25 L aquaria
- Aeration: yes
- No. of organisms per vessel: 9


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water

Nominal and measured concentrations:

5 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Details on estimation of bioconcentration:

- Results from residue study: based on original compound indicated by radioactivity

Results and discussion

Bioaccumulation factor

Bioaccumulation factor 1

Type:

BCF

Value:

1

Basis:

other: blood and tissues (gill, muscle, liver, kidney, intestine)

Remarks on result:

other: Conc.in environment / dose:5 mg/L

Bioaccumulation factor 2

Type:

BCF

Value:

1

Basis:

other: muscle

Remarks on result:

other: Conc.in environment / dose:5 mg/L

Bioaccumulation factor 3

Type:

BCF

Value:

3

Basis:

other: gills, liver, kidney

Remarks on result:

other: Conc.in environment / dose:5 mg/L

Bioaccumulation factor 4

Type:

BCF

Value:

4.5

Basis:

other: intestine

Remarks on result:

other: Conc.in environment / dose:5 mg/L

Details on kinetic parameters:

no data

Metabolites:

no data

Results with reference substance (positive control):

no data

Details on results:

no further details

Reported statistics:

no data

Any other information on results incl. tables

The initial uptake of methanol into the different tissue types was the same after 24 hours, and levels remained constant over 72 hours in the liver, kidneys, gills and intestine but dropped slightly in the blood and muscle. Bioaccumulation factors of about 1 were proposed for the fish tissues and organs.