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EC number: 481-870-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Testing was conducted between 28 March 2007 and 24 April 2007.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted to GLP and in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do no effect the quality of the relevant results
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 121 (Estimation of the Adsorption Coefficient (Koc) on Soil and on Sewage Sludge using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC))
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Screening method
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- UK GLP standards (Schedule 1, Good Laboratory Practice Regulations 1999 (SI 1999/3106 as amended by SI 2004/0994)).
- Type of method:
- HPLC estimation method
- Media:
- other: Not applicable.
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Study design
- Test temperature:
- 40ºC
HPLC method
- Details on study design: HPLC method:
- Preparation of sample solution:
Test material (0.0260 g) was diluted to 100 ml with glass double-distilled water.
Preparation of reference solutions:
The dead time was determined by measuring the retention time of formamide (purity* 99.5%, 533 mg/l solution in mobile phase).
Solutions of reference standards (see table 8.1) were prepared in methanol.
Determination of retention time:
The sample, formamide and reference standard solutions were injected in duplicate using the following HPLC parameters:
HPLC System: Agilent Technologies 1100, incorporating autosampler and workstation
Column: Zorbax SB-CN (250 x 4.6 mm id)
Column temperature: 40ºC
Mobile phase: 55:45 methanol:reverse osmosis water
pH of mobile phase: 7.0
Flow-rate: 1 ml/min
UV detector wavelength: dead time and reference standards: 210 nm, sample: 510 nm
Injection volume: 10 µl
Construction of calibration curve:
A calibration curve was constructed from the retention time data of the formamide and reference standard solutions. The capacity factors (k) for the reference standards were calculated using Equation 8.1 (see below)
Adsorption coefficient of sample:
The capacity factor was calculated using Equation 8.1 (see below) and the log10 Koc value determined with reference to the calibration curve.
Calculation
The capacity factor was determined using Equation 8.1 (please see below).
Batch equilibrium or other method
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- Not applicable.
- Details on matrix:
- Not applicable.
- Details on test conditions:
- Not applicable.
- Computational methods:
- Not applicable.
Results and discussion
Adsorption coefficientopen allclose all
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- < 17.8
- Type:
- log Koc
- Value:
- < 1.25
Results: HPLC method
- Details on results (HPLC method):
- Calibration
The retention times of formamide and the retention times, capacity factors (k) and log10 Koc values for the reference standards are shown in tables 8.2 and 8.3 (please see remarks section).
Results: Batch equilibrium or other method
- Adsorption and desorption constants:
- Not applicable.
- Recovery of test material:
- Not applicable.
- Concentration of test substance at end of adsorption equilibration period:
- Not applicable.
- Concentration of test substance at end of desorption equilibration period:
- Not applicable.
- Transformation products:
- not measured
- Details on results (Batch equilibrium method):
- Not applicable.
- Statistics:
- None stated.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 8.2
Dead Time |
Retention Time (mins) |
Mean Retention Time (mins) |
|
Injection 1 |
Injection 2 |
||
Formamide |
2.852 |
2.851 |
2.852 |
Table 8.3
Standard |
Retention Time (mins) |
Mean Retention Time (mins) |
Capacity Factor (k) |
Log10k |
Log10Koc |
|
Injection 1 |
Injection 2 |
|||||
Acetanilide |
3.772 |
3.775 |
3.774 |
0.323 |
-0.490 |
1.25 |
Phenol |
3.609 |
3.574 |
3.592 |
0.260 |
-0.586 |
1.32 |
Atrazine |
5.174 |
5.176 |
5.175 |
0.815 |
-8.89 x 10-2 |
1.81 |
Isoproturon |
5.417 |
5.418 |
5.418 |
0.900 |
-4.58 x 10-2 |
1.86 |
Triadimenol |
6.909 |
6.909 |
6.909 |
1.42 |
0.153 |
2.40 |
Linuron |
10.539 |
10.533 |
10.536 |
2.70 |
0.431 |
2.59 |
Naphthalene |
6.352 |
6.353 |
6.353 |
1.23 |
8.91 x 10-2 |
2.75 |
Endosulfan-diol |
8.303 |
8.318 |
8.311 |
1.91 |
0.282 |
3.02 |
Fenthion |
10.579 |
10.577 |
10.578 |
2.71 |
0.433 |
3.31 |
a-Endosulfan |
14.548 |
14.545 |
14.547 |
4.10 |
0.613 |
4.09 |
Phenanthrene |
12.246 |
12.246 |
12.246 |
3.30 |
0.518 |
4.09 |
Diclofop-methyl |
16.166 |
16.165 |
16.166 |
4.67 |
0.669 |
4.20 |
DDT |
31.059 |
31.187 |
31.123 |
9.92 |
0.996 |
5.63 |
Adsorption coefficient of sample
The retention times, capacity factors and log10Kocvalues determined for the sample are shown in the following table:
Table 8.4
Injection |
Retention Time (mins) |
Capacity Factor (k) |
Log10k |
Log10Koc |
1 |
1.691 |
-0.407 |
< -0.490 |
<1.25 |
2 |
1.692 |
-0.407 |
< -0.490 |
<1.25 |
Mean log10Koc: <1.25
Adsorption coefficient: <17.8
Discussion
The low adsorption properties of the test material containing salted sulfonic acid functional groups determined by the HPLC estimation method were consistent with the extremely high water solubility and low partition coefficient characteristics (see Safepharm Laboratories Ltd Project Number 0345/0889). Although the determined value is believed to accurately assess the affinity of the test material for the organic carbon content of soils and sewage sludge (the method guideline specifically requiring the analysis of substances in an ionised form if present within the environmentally relevant pH range of 5.5 to 7.5), the mobility of the test material in soil and sewage sludge may also be influenced by additional interactions other than partitioning not addressed by the test method due to the anionic nature of the test material.
The alternative use of computer-based estimation programs and/or Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR’s) for materials of this nature are considered invalid as estimates are typically derived from the partition coefficient value. Therefore once more the possible secondary interaction originating from the anionic charges present on the test material are not addressed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The adsorption coefficient (Koc) of the test material has been determined to be <17.8, log10 Koc <1.25.
- Executive summary:
Adsorption Coefficient.
<17.8, log10Koc <1.25, using the HPLC screening method, Method C19 of Commission Directive 2001/59/EC, Method 121 of the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, 22 January 2001.
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