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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 240-778-0 | CAS number: 16721-80-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Seven reliable (Klimisch 2) studies were identified on bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of sulfide in aquatic organisms. These studies were all studies on marine aquatic invertebrates. No reliable data were available on fish or algae. Based on a weight of evidence approach the highest wet weight based BCF (1.6 L/kg ww, Jahn and Theede, 1997) was selected as reasonable worst case value for bioconcentration. The key value indicates that sulfide has no potential for bioconcentration/bioaccumulation.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- BCF (aquatic species):
- 1.6 L/kg ww
Additional information
Twelve studies were identified on bioconcentration/bioaccumulation of sulfide in aquatic organisms. Of these studies, seven were considered reliable with restrictions (Klimisch 2). All reliable studies were studies on marine aquatic invertebrates. No reliable data were available on freshwater invertebrates and freshwater or marine fish and algae. Wet weight based BCF values for total sulfide varied from virtually zero (no sulfide detectable in the organisms, Laudien et al., 2002) to 1.6 L/kg ww (Jahn and Theede, 1997). Dry weight based BCF values amounted to 7.5 L/kg dw (Jahn et al., 1996). In most studies concentrations of other sulfide species such as thiosulfate, sulfite, sulfate, and elemental sulfur were also monitored in the test organisms. Apparently, sulfide entering the organisms is quickly oxidized to the much less harmful thiosulfate. The available studies demonstrate that sulfide has no potential for bioconcentration/bioaccumulation. Because all reliable studies contained useful information, they were used all together in a weight of evidence approach. The highest wet weight based BCF value of 1.6 (Jahn and Theede, 1997) was selected as key value for bioconcentration. This value originates from a study in which adults of the bivalve species Macoma balthica were exposed for 6 days to a single sulfide concentration of 6.4 mg S2-/L in a 3-day static renewal hypoxic system. The type of tissue analyzed was not specified but most likely represents either whole organisms or soft tissue.
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