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EC number: 203-005-8 | CAS number: 102-09-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-E (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Closed Bottle Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 3.3 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 37
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The amount of oxygen taken up by the test substance is expressed as a percentage of ThOD.
Degradation products: not analysed - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- other: not readily biodegradable
- Executive summary:
Diphenyl carbonate is not readily biodegradable. After 28 days 37 % of the test substance had been degraded in a closed bottle test according to Directive 92/69/EEC, C.4-E.
Reference
Description of key information
Diphenyl carbonate is not readily biodegradable, C.4-E (Bayer, 2000b)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria
Additional information
This endpoint is addressed using one key study and three supporting studies. The key study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria for assessing data quality as set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997). All three supporting studies were awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria for assessing data quality as set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
The key study was selected on the basis that it is a modern, guideline-compliant study conducted under GLP conditions. This study and the supporting study conducted using non-adapted sludge both find the test material to be non-readily biodegradable. Tests using adapted bacteria were not taken into consideration, as the inoculant does not occur in the environment.
Biodegradation of the hydrolysis product phenol was assessed in a European Union Risk Assessment Report (European Chemicals Bureau, 2006). Phenol was classified as readily biodegradable.
The key study (Bayer, 2000b) was performed in accordance with the standardised guideline EU Method C.4-E under GLP conditions. Domestic activated sludge (non-adapted) was exposed to an initial concentration of the test material of 3.3 mg/L under aerobic conditions for a period of 28 days. Degradation was followed by analysis of dissolved oxygen.
After 28 days 37 % of the test material was degraded. Considering the corresponding results on biodegradability for the hydrolysis product phenol, a higher degradation rate was expected than observed. Possible effects influencing the biodegradation rate can be explained with regard to the kinetic results of degradation: in the first 21, days no more than 11 - 12 % of diphenyl carbonate was degraded. As an adsorption potential is expected for diphenyl carbonate, adsorption to organic matter in the test medium takes place. At test start, the material is therefore not available for hydrolysis and not available to microorganisms for degradation.
As a consequence of desorption processes, the hydrolysis is delayed and the biodegradation of the hydrolysis product phenol is lagged. This effect corresponds to the kinetic results of the degradation study. In the last 7 days of the experiment biodegradation increased rapidly up to 37 % degradation.
In the first supporting study (Bayer, 1979, adapted) a closed bottle test comparable to the standardised guideline OECD 301 D was performed. Predominantly domestic sewage (adapted) was exposed to an initial concentration of the test material of 2.4 mg/L under aerobic conditions for a period of 20 days. Degradation was assessed via oxygen consumption.
After 20 days 99.5 % of the test material had been degraded, which indicates a potential of inherent biodegradability of the material.
In the second supporting study (Bayer, 1979, non-adapted) a closed bottle test comparable to the standardised guideline OECD 301 D was performed. Predominantly domestic sewage (non-adapted) was exposed to an initial concentration of the test material of 2.4 mg/L under aerobic conditions for a period of 20 days. Degradation was assessed via oxygen consumption.
After 20 days 48 % of the test material had been degraded.
In the third supporting study (Andreoni et al. 1990) the biodegradability of diphenyl carbonate with enriched mixed cultures was investigated. Adapted activated sludge from a waste water treatment plant was exposed to the test material under aerobic conditions at an initial test material concentration of 833 mg/L.
For enrichment flasks containing 100 mL liquid mineral medium (M9) were used. Phenyl-2-octyl carbonate served as sole carbon and energy source and was supplied directly to the medium at 0.1 % (w/v). The cultures were incubated by shaking at 30 °C. For isolation serial dilutions were plated on Difco nutrient agar and incubated at 30 °C, the material was added to the enriched mixed culture at a concentration of 50 mg to 60 mL M9 mineral medium (test concentration = 833 mg/L).
100 % biodegradation was determined turbidimetrically after 2.7 days. Enriched mixed cultures and the isolated strain Acinetobacter calcoaceticus showed good growth in the presence of diphenyl carbonate. Degradation/hydrolysis was complete after 65 hours.
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