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EC number: 201-956-3 | CAS number: 89-98-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1989-02-06 - 1989-02-24
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: well-dcoumented guideline study with some restrictions: e.g. no experimental verification of substrate concentration was possible
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Because of the instability and thermolability of the test substance, a standardized analytical determination of substrate concentration was not possible. Because of the rate of lethality, a probit analysis was not possible.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: "Letale Wirkung beim Zebrabärbling Brachydanio rerio" - Empfehlung des Umweltbundesamtes zur Durchführung der Prüfung nach §4 Abs.1 Nr 6 der Verordnung über Anmeldeunterlagen und Prüfnachweise nach dem Chemikalinegesetz Texte 16/84, Umweltbundesamt
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Strain: Hamilton-Buchanan
- Source: West Aquarium Bad Lauterbert, Germany
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 3 months
- Length at study initiation (mean, range and SD): 3.0 cm, 2.7 - 3.4 cm, 0.2 cm
- Method of breeding: 22 +- 1 °C; O2-content >= 80% ; 12 h day/night cycle, 700 Lux; <= 1g fish/l water;
- Feeding during test: no feeding during test
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:14 days
- Acclimation conditions: same as test
- Type and amount of food:
- Food type: Tetra Min, Tetra Werke, Mell, Germany;
- Amount: ad libitum;
- Frequency: 2 times a day; - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- Test groups: 21.0 - 23.0 °C
Control groups: 21.0 - 23.0 °C - pH:
- Test groups: 7.4 - 8.0
Control groups: 6.6 - 8.2 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Test groups: 7.6 - 9.2 mg/l
Control groups: 6.8 - 9.7 mg/l - Details on test conditions:
- Water: reconstituted water according to ISO/DIS 7346/I
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.83 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 14.83 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- 22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- 22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities were observed already at 10 mg/l (no lethality): abnormal swimming; abducted operculi; reduced, enhanced, intermittentor irregular breathing, negative or enhanced startle response, reduced or enhanced activity.
- Dead animals showed abnormal dark or light colouring, lockjaw and reddened gills.
- Mortality of control: none, no behvioural abnormalities;
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: Substance reported as instable and thermolabile - nonetheless substance dispersed by ultra-turrax and ultrasonification and used in a static system. At 10 mg/L, small flocculations of the substance on the watersurface reported. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- LC50 values were determined from the geometric mean of the LC0 and LC100. Because of the rate of lethality, a probit analysis was not possible.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- From this study, LC0 (48 h and 96 h) for 2-chlorobenzaldhyde was determined to be 10 mg/l, LC50 (48 h and 96 h) to be 14.83 mg/l and LC100 (48h and 96 h) to be 22 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity for the test item 2-chlorobenzaldehyde to zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) was determined according to OECD-Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 203 (1984), EC Commission Directive 84/449/EC Method C.1 (1984) and according to German Chemikaliengesetzt (Texte 16/48 Umweltbundesamt). Testing laboratory was Deptm. Pharma Forschung Toxikologie u. Pathologie at Hoechst AG Frankfurt/Main, Germany. A static test with nominal dissolved test substance concentrations was conducted. Duration of the test was 96 h. 10 test organisms were exposed to 0, 10, 22 and 50 mg/L of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde. Water quality parameters (pH, temperature, oxygen content) were determined at time points 0, 3, 24, 72, and 96 hours to be within the acceptable limits. No lethality occurred in the control groups.
Although at 10 mg/L already signs of behavoural abnormalitys were observed, no lethality occured till the end of the test. At the second concentration of 22 mg/L, after 24 hours, all animals in the test group were dead, as was the case for the higher concentration. The LC50 value therefore was deduced as the geometric mean of the LC0 and the LC100 value.
Reference
Description of key information
In a guideline study (OECD 203, static) with Danio rerio (Brachydanio rerio) a LC50 of 14.83 mg/L was obtained.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 14.83 mg/L
Additional information
The key study from Hoechst on Brachydanio rerio was performed according to OECD guideline 203 with a static system. Determination of actual test concentrations had been precluded because of substance instability. Thus, the reliability of this study is considered to be Klimisch category 2. The 96h LC50 value for Brachydanio rerio determined in this study is 14.83 mg/L.
The published study by Abram and Wilson (1979) found decreasing LC50 values (from 5.2 mg/L to 2.45 mg/L) with increasing exposure time from 12 to 96 hours. In this pre-guideline study juvenile trouts with an average length of 24.4 mm and average weight of 146 mg were used, compared to a recommended length of 50 +/- 10 mm in OECD test guideline 203. As described by Capkin et al. (Chemosphere 64 (10), 825 -830, 2006) toxicity is heavily depending on the size of the organisms. Taking into account the higher susceptibility of the juveline organsisms the results of this study are supporting the findings in the key study (Hoechst, 1989).
Two studies with reliability score 3 (Wolverton 1970) on Lepomis and Gambusia support the order of magnitude of the 96h LC50 value from the key study with values for 96h LC50 Lepomis of 4.25 mg/L and for 96h LC50 Gambusia of 8.9 mg/L.
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