2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1999-06-15 to 1999-06-17

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of the test material used in the study report: Dimethylolpropionsäure, 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propansäure
- Batch no.: SE 8069
- Purity: 99.4%
- Storage conditions: storage at room temperature

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples were taken at 0 hours (fresh media) and 48 hours (expired media) from the control, 12.5 and 100 mg/L test treatments.

Sample preparation: For calibration the test substance was dissolved in demin. water; the stock solutions were diluted with demin. water. Before adjusting the volume a solution of internal standard (dissolved in demin. water and NaOH) was added. Depending on concentration the samples were diluted using carrier prior to addition of internal standard solution.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The test material was stirred in M4 medium for about 10 minutes at 20 ± 2 °C. The nominal concentration of the stock solution was 100 mg/L.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus 1820
- Source: Institut National de Recherche Chimique Appliqueé, France 1978. From this date on this clone was cultured and bred continuously in the Laboratory of Ecology of BASF AG in Ludwigshafen.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 2 - 24h

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Hardness:

2.2 - 3.2 mmol/L

Test temperature:

19.9 - 20.3°C

pH:

7.5 - 8 (neutralised only)
5.8 - 8 (including non-neutralised)
See tables in results section for further information

Dissolved oxygen:

8.2 - 8.8 mg/L
See tables in the results section for further information

Salinity:

Not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0 (control) 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/L; neutralised: 50, 100 mg/L.
Measured: <5 (control), 12.5, not measured, not measured, 102 mg/L; neutralised: not measured, not measured.

The measured pH in the freshly prepared 50 and 100 mg/L test media were 7.3 and 5.8, therefore additional test vessels were prepared where the pH was neutralised.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

See tabulated data below.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The EC50(24h) of the control substance potassium dichromate was 1,30 mg/L. (Date of the last control experiment: 25 May 1999).

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Not applicable

Analytical results are presented below:

 

Nominal Bis-MPA concentration (mg/L)	Measured concentrations (mg/L) (each value is a mean of two determinations)
	0 hour	48 hours	Mean	% of nominal
Control	<5	<5, <5	-	-
12.5	12.4	12.3, 12.9	12.5	100
100	102	102, 104	103	103

 

 

The immobility results are presented below:

Nominal Bis-MPA concentration (mg/L)	Number of immobilised Daphnia (20 Daphnia per concentration)
	24 hours	% immobility	48 hours	% immobility
Control	0	0	0	0
12.5	0	0	0	0
25	0	0	0	0
50	0	0	0	0
100	0	0	0	0
Neutralised test media
50	0	0	1	5
100	0	0	0	0

 

 

The water quality values are presented below:

 

Nominal Bis-MPA concentration (mg/L)	Parameter
	pH		Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)
	0 hours	48 hours	0 hours	48 hours
Control	8.0	8.0	8.4	8.8
12.5	7.9	8.0	8.5	8.7
25	7.7	8.0	8.5	8.6
50	7.3	7.7	8.3	8.6
100	5.8	7.6	8.3	8.6
Neutralised test media
50	7.8	7.9	8.3	8.5
100	7.5	7.8	8.2	8.5

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In a 48-hour test with daphnids an EC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L (the highest nominal concentration tested).

Executive summary:

The 48–hr-acute toxicity of Bis-MPA to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions. Test species were exposed to control, and test chemical at nominal concentrations of 0, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg a.i./L for 48-hr. Neither immobilisation nor sublethal effects were observed (checked daily). The 48–hour EC₅₀ was >100 mg a.i./L.

This study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for an acute toxicity study with freshwater invertebrates.

Results Synopsis

Test Organism Age: 2-24 hours

Test Type: Static

NOEL:  >100 mg a.i./L                        

EC₅₀:  >100 mg a.i./L                     

Endpoint Effected:  Immobilisation

Description of key information

A short-term toxicity test with Daphnia magna resulted in an EC50 of >100 mg/L

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect concentration:

> 100 mg/L

Additional information

No adverse effects have been observed at the highest recommended concentration (100 mg/L). Accordingly, the substance is not hazardous in terms of the CLP Regulation.