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EC number: 202-448-4 | CAS number: 95-76-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: other routes
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: other routes
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well-documented publication which meets basic scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Acute effects of 3,4-dichloroaniline on blood of male wistar rats
- Author:
- Guilhermino, L et al.
- Year:
- 1 998
- Bibliographic source:
- chemosphere 37(4): 619-632
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Changes of biochemical and cellular blood parameters in male wistar rats after intraperitoneal injection of five different doses of 3,4-dichloroaniline.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3,4-dichloroaniline
- EC Number:
- 202-448-4
- EC Name:
- 3,4-dichloroaniline
- Cas Number:
- 95-76-1
- Molecular formula:
- C6H5Cl2N
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,4-dichloroaniline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 3,4-dichloroaniline
- Analytical purity: 98 %
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Institute Gulbenkian of science, Portugal
- Weight at study initiation: 120-190 g
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21 +/- °C
- Humidity (%): air-conditioned
- Air changes (per hr): air-conditioned
- Photoperiod: 12 hrs dark / 12 hrs light
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- other: sesame oil
- Doses:
- 0, 81, 162, 324, 486 and 568 mg / kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 8
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- examinations performed: body weight, organ weights (liver, kidneys, spleen, thymus), hematological and biochemical parameters (red blood cell counts, hemoglobin content, hematocrit, MCHC, platelets, leukocytes, methemoglobin, alanine transferase, urea, creatinine), histological examination of spleen tissue samples
- Statistics:
- ANOVA and Turkey test
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOEL
- Effect level:
- 324 mg/kg bw
- Remarks on result:
- other: observed
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- other: ED50
- Effect level:
- 224 mg/kg bw
- Remarks on result:
- other: calculated for methemoglobin formation
- Mortality:
- until 324 mg/ kg no deaths
486 mg/ kg group mortality: 1/8
568 mg/ kg group mortality: 3/8 - Clinical signs:
- no differences in blood cell parameters between non-treated and vehicle-treated rats;
differences among treatments statistically significant at doses higher than 324 mg/ kg;
dose-dependent increase in methemoglobin formation (ED50=224 mg/ kg bw);
decrease in blood platelet and leukocyte numbers;
giant platelets, red blood cell polychromasia;
reversal of lymphocyte/ neutrophil ratio due to deacrease of lymphocytes and increase of neutrophils;
no treatment related changes on red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and MCHC found;
increase in plasmatic urea and creatinine, no significant differences in ALT activity at all doses - Body weight:
- no data
- Gross pathology:
- no data
- Other findings:
- - Organ weights: significant increase of "organ weight/ body weight ratio" for spleen, thymus and kidney
- Histopathology of the spleen: reduced hematopoiesis, megakaryocytes with dysplasia, hyperplasia of the white pulp, trabecular and vascular wall fibrosis and hyperaemia ad doses equal or higher than 324 mg/ kg even though no change in organ weight observed at 324 mg/kg dose
- Potential target organs: spleen and thymus
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Guilhermino, L. et al. 1998
The aim of this study was the evaluation of the acute effects of 3,4-dichloroaniline injection (i.p.) in male Wistar rats on blood parameters.
Therefore groups of 8 male Wistar rats were injected 1 mL sesame oil with either 0, 81, 162, 324, 486 and 568 mg
3,4-dichloroaniline/ kg bw. The mortality within 24 h, blood parameters, relative organ weights and morphology were determinded. The observed LOEL was 324 mg/ kg bw. Higher doses caused hyperthrophy of spleen, thymus and kidney, as well as an increase of neutrophils and a reduction of leukocytes and lymphocytes. Furthermore the dose-dependent induction of methemoglobin formation indicated hematotoxicity. Histopathological changes of the blood were the formation of giant platelets and red blood cell polychromasia indicating accelerated trombopoiesis caused by spleenic lesions. Nephrotoxicity is indicated by the increase of urea and creatinine as well as the kidney-hypertrophy. Methemoglobin formation is the most sensitive parameter resulting from 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure.
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