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EC number: 210-848-5 | CAS number: 624-48-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Oral:
Smyth 1962. Acute oral toxicity, rat, OECD401: LD50=1410 mg/kg body weight.
Inhalation:
Smyth 1962. Acute inhalation toxicity, rat: The saturated vapour of 2800 mg/m³ did not cause deaths when exposing rats for 4 h. The saturation vapour concentration of 2842 mg/m³ is derived from the vapour pressure of 48 Pa at 25 °C by applying the ideal gas laws.
Dermal:
Ullmann 1985. Acute dermal toxicity rat: LD50>2000 mg/kg body weight.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Documentation insufficient for assessment
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Carworth-Wistar
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- age: 4-5 weeks
body weights: 90-120 g - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on oral exposure:
- no data
- Doses:
- no data
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- animals non-fasted
dosages arranged in a logarithmic series differing by a factor of 2
observation period: 14 days p.a. - Statistics:
- method of Thompson-Weil for the calculation of the LD50 value
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 1 410 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Mortality:
- no data
- Clinical signs:
- other: no datano data
- Gross pathology:
- no data
- Other findings:
- no data
- Interpretation of results:
- harmful
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The LD50,oral,rat was 1.41 g per kg body weight when administered by gavage.
- Executive summary:
The test substance was administered to groups of 5 male rats each. Mortality was recorded during an observation period of 14 days p.a. The LD50, calcluated by the method of Thompson and Weil, was 1.41 g per kg body weight.
Reference
no data
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 1 410 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- A review article without much details.
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: A review article. Documentation insufficient for assessment.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Exposing groups of rats to a saturated vapour of the test substance for different times, from 1/4 up to 8 h. The result is presented as the highest exposure time causing no deaths within an observation time for 14 days.
The results are found on page 101 of the report. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- no data
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- clean air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- - Concentrated vapor inhalation consists of subjecting groups of six male or female albino rats to a flowing stream of vapor-ladened air.
- flowing stream of vapour-loaded air
- generation of vapour-air-mixture by passing 2.5 L/min of dried air at room temperature through a fritted glass disc immersed to a depth of at least one inch in approx. 50 mL of the test chemical contained in a glass-washing bottle
- inhalations continued for time periods in a logarithmic series with a ratio of two extending from one-fourth to 8 hours, until the inhalation period killing about half the number of rats within 14 days is defined - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- no
- Duration of exposure:
- ca. 8 h
- Remarks on duration:
- Different exposure times from 1/4 h to 8 h were used. The results in the publication indicate the longest inhalation period which permitted all rats to survive the two-week obsevation period.
- Concentrations:
- no data
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 6
- Details on study design:
- see above
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect level:
- other: 4 h exposure to the saturated vapour of the test substance.
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: An LC0 was obtained after 4 h of exposure to the saturated vapour of the test substance.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect level:
- 2 842 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: The saturation vapour concentration of 2842 mg/m³ is derived from the vapour pressure of 48 Pa at 25 °C by applying the ideal gas laws.
- Mortality:
- no data
- Clinical signs:
- other: no data
- Body weight:
- no data
- Gross pathology:
- no data
- Other findings:
- no data
- Interpretation of results:
- other: no interpretation possible
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: not specified
- Conclusions:
- Each of 6 rats, exposed for 4 hours to a saturated vapours of dimethyl maleate, survived 14 d.
- Executive summary:
Rats (6 per group) were exposed to saturated vapours of dimethyl maleate for time periods up to 8 hours. The observation time after exposure was 14 days. The rats, exposed for 4 h, survived 14 d.
The saturation vapour concentration of 2842 mg/m³ is derived from the vapour pressure of 48 Pa at 25 °C by applying the ideal gas law.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- discriminating conc.
- Value:
- 2 800 mg/m³ air
- Quality of whole database:
- A review article without much details.
The saturated vapour of 2842 mg/m³ did not cause deaths when exposing rats for 4 h.
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1985
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, publication/study report which meets basic scientific principles, but details missing
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: method of Noaks and Sanderson, 1969
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 9-12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 235-288 (males) and 179-230 (females) - Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on dermal exposure:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: ca. 20 cm2. This is less than 10 % of the body surface as required with regards to more actual guidelines.
- Type of wrap if used: occlusive
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hrs
TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied: 500 or 2000 mg per kg bw - Duration of exposure:
- 24 hrs
- Doses:
- 500 and 2000 mg/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD0
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Mortality:
- none
- Clinical signs:
- other: local erythema followed by necrosis (treated skin, both doses)
- Interpretation of results:
- practically nontoxic
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The LD50 (dermal, rat) was >2000 mg/kg bw.
- Executive summary:
The test substance was administered to 2 groups of 5 male and 5 female rats each. Doses were 500 and 2000 mg/kg bw. Duration of administration was 24 hours. Occlusive dressings were used. The animals were observed until 14 days p.a. The surface area treated was 20 cm2 which is less than 10 % of the body surface, as required by more actual guidelines.
No deaths occurred in any group. Local erythema followed by necrosis were noted on the treated skin in both groups.
It was concluded that the LD50 (dermal, rat) was >2000 mg/kg bw.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- A guideline study with GLP.
The LD50 is >2000 mg/kg.
Additional information
Three available studies report about the same result, an LD50oral in the range of 1340 to 1909 mg/kg bw. The Smyth study was selected, because it is a study with the usual species rat and not with mice, and with the lower LD50 of both rat studies.
Justification for selection of acute toxicity – inhalation endpoint
The only available study with rats.
Justification for selection of acute toxicity – dermal endpoint
A guideline study with GLP, and the usual species rat.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Acute oral toxicity:
1410 mg/kg body weight is taken as the basis for classification Xn R22, respectively Acute Tox. 4, H302
Acute toxicity, inhalation:
An LC0vapour,4h,rat of 2800 mg/m³ is not considered to be sufficient for classification.
Acute dermal toxicity:
The LD50,dermal,rat of >2000 mg/kg is considered as the most appropriate result and no classification is derived for acute dermal toxicity.
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