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EC number: 210-259-3 | CAS number: 611-20-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- September 29 2011 - May 14 2012
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted according to a national guideline method, essentially equivalent to a OECD TG 404 (1981 edition). Although not conducted under GLP (OECD), the study was conducted under a similar national quality assurance system. Adequately documented study, purity data available separately for test batch.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 012
- Report date:
- 2012
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Guidelines for the testing of chemicals: Test No. 404: Acute dermal irritation/corrosion test (Minestry of Environmental Protection People's Republic of China)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- 1981 edition
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Scoring at 30/60min not reported.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted in compliance with a national quality assurance system, with similar objectives to GLP (OECD).
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Salicylonitrile
- EC Number:
- 210-259-3
- EC Name:
- Salicylonitrile
- Cas Number:
- 611-20-1
- Molecular formula:
- C7H5NO
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-hydroxybenzonitrile
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-cyanophenol
- Substance type: powder
- Physical state: solid
- Purity test date: not reported
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: not reported
- Storage condition of test material: not reported
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: not reported
- Weight at study initiation: ca. 2kg
- Housing: Suspended, wire bottom, stainless steel, 1 animal per cage
- Diet: ad libitum (Statement that contaminents in feed and water effecting study outcome not expected)
- Water: ad libitum (Municipal water supply, analyzed by City Water Quality Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province)
- Acclimation period: 5 days
- Sex: male and female, nulliparous & non-pregnant
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20±3°C
- Humidity (%): 30-70%
- Air changes (per hr): 10-12
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: not reported
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Vehicle:
- water
- Remarks:
- distilled
- Controls:
- not required
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: total dose 0.5g
- Concentration: not reported
VEHICLE
- Amount: not reported - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- Observations were made at 24h, 48h, 72h, or until "reversibility was observed" up to 14 days. The study reported observations to at least 72h (guideline minimum), possibly to 14 days (as tabulated).
- Number of animals:
- 4
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 3x3cm clipped free of hair; 2x3cm 4 ply surgical gauze patch, secured with non-irritating adhesive tape.
- % coverage:
- Type of wrap if used: trunk of each animal wrapped in orthopedic stockinette to prevent possible ingestion of test substance.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: Washed gently with room temperature tap water without altering the existing response, or the integrity of the epidermis.
- Time after start of exposure: 4 hours
SCORING SYSTEM:
- According to the Guidelines for the testing of chemicals: Test No. 404: Acute dermal irritation/corrosion test (Minestry of Environmental Protection People's Republic of China). For each animal, all of the erythema and edema scores were added, and the sum was divided by 4 to obtain an individual irritation score. The primary irritation index was determined by calculating the mean of the irritation scores for all the animals and was used to obtain a rating for the test substance.
Erythema Formation Score
No erythema 0
Very slight erythema (barely perceptible) 1
Well defined erythema 2
Moderate to severe erythema 3
Severe erythema (beef redness) and eschar formation 4
Edema Formation
No edema 0
Very slight edema (barely perceptible) 1
Slight edema (edges of area well defined by definite raising) 2
Moderate edema (raised approximately 1 mm) 3
Severe edema (raised more than 1 mm and extending beyond area of exposure) 4
Classification of Test Substance
Non-irritating 0.0-0.4
Mildly Irritating 0.5-1.9
Moderately Irritating 2.0-5.9
Severely Irritating 6.0-8.0
The primary irritation index is calculated using only the observation scheduled through 72h.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 48 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 48 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 48 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- 48 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72h
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Signs of dermal irritation or defects are presented in Table 1. Very slight erythema and no edema in the skin of New Zealand white rabbits was observed after the patch removal. Therefore, the maximum primary irritation index of the test substance was calculated to be 1.00.
- Other effects:
- None reported.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Acute dermal irritation in rabbits
Animal number |
Start weight (kg) |
Final weight (kg) |
Effect |
Score time point |
|||||||||||||
24h |
48h |
72h |
4d |
5d |
6d |
7d |
8d |
9d |
10d |
11d |
12d |
13d |
14d |
||||
1 |
2.41 |
2.49 |
Erythema |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Edema |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
2 |
2.52 |
2.60 |
Erythema |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Edema |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
3 |
2.80 |
2.89 |
Erythema |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Edema |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
4 |
2.13 |
2.22 |
Erythema |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Edema |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
Primary irritation scores |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
Descriptive rating: mildly irritating
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The current OECD and EU guidelines deviate from the 1981 OECD guideline primarily with respect to numbers of animals, staggered and successive testing, and the preliminary consideration of weight-of-evidence and in vitro data. The report is thus considered to be adequate for classification and risk assessment purposes.
- Executive summary:
In a primary dermal irritation study, male or female New Zealand white rabbits (4 animals) were dermally exposed to 0.5g of 2-cyanophenol in distilled water for 4 hours with a 2x3cm patch. Animals were then observed for up to 14 days. Very slight erythema and no edema in the skin of New Zealand white rabbits was observed after the patch removal in all animals, and was fully reversible within 72h. In this study, 2-cyanophenol was found to be mildly irritating according to Guidelines for the testing of chemicals: Test No. 404: Acute skin irritation/corrosion test (Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, 2004).
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