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EC number: 278-188-0 | CAS number: 75314-26-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 27 April - 26 May 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2006
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Regulation (EC) No 440/2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Batch No: INB3209089
Storage: at room temperature, protected from light - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source: Sludge from the aeration tank of the ARA Werdhölzli (CH-8048 Zürich), a municipal biological waste water treatment plant.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The sludge was pre-conditioned for 7 days (aerated but not fed) to reduce the amount of O2 consumed by the blank controls. Therefore, the sludge was washed twice with tap water and once with test medium.
- Pretreatment: The activated sludge was used after sampling from the treatment plant without adaptation.
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L dry matter in the final mixture. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 104 mg/L
- Based on:
- other: nominal test item concentration based on 101 mg ThOD/L
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of test medium: Aerobic mineral salts medium prepared with ultrapure water (conductivity: <1.5 µS/cm; DOC: <0.5 mg/L)
* mineral stock solution A (10mL/L): 8.5 g/L KH2PO4, 28.49 g/L K2HPO4.3H2O, 33.4 g/L Na2HPO4.2H2O, 0.5 g/L NH4Cl, pH 7.4
* mineral stock solution B (1 mL/L): 36.4 g/L CaCl2.2H2O
* mineral stock solution C (1 mL/L): 22.5 g/L MgSO4.7H2O
* mineral stock solution D (1 mL/L): 0.25 g/L FeCl3.6H2O
* Final test medium: 10 mL of solution A and 1 mL of solutions B, C and D per L of test medium
After centrifugation, the sludge was suspended in test medium, at about 2 g/L dry matter. Before the test, this suspension was diluted down to 60 mg/L dry matter, i.e. twice the final concentration, since this suspension was diluted 1:1 (v:v) afterwards.
- Test temperature: 22±2°C, controlled at ± 1°C, in a thermostat cabinet in the dark
- pH: 7.4±0.2°C (measured prior to testing and if necessary adjusted with NaOH or HCl (except in flask C).
- Continuous darkness: yes, test bottles were in a thermostat cabinet.
TEST SYSTEM
- Test flasks: 510 mL glass bottles (tightly closed with manometric BOD measuring devices) containing a total volume of test solution of 200 mL. The bottles were equipped with stirring rods and butyl rubber quivers which contain 2 pellets of sodium hydroxide each to absorb the produced CO2 from the head space.
- Test performed in duplicate (two test flasks)
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
B: Inoculum blank (two replicates)
R: Procedure control (two replicates): 60.3 mg/L Sodium benzoate (100 mg ThOD/L)
C: Abiotic sterile control (one replicate): 98.0 mg/L test item (95.2 mg ThOD/L)
X: Toxicity control (one replicate): 103 mg/L test item and 60.3 mg/L reference item (total 200 mg oxygen demand/L)
SAMPLING
The test vessels were stirred by an inductive stirring system for a maximum test period of 28 days. During the test the O2 uptake was continuously measured with a manometric BOD measuring device. Temperature was recorded with a data logger.
At the end of the test, the pH was measured in all flasks except the abiotic sterile control (C).
Total elimination was determined in each test vessel (test suspension, blank and procedure control) based on the theoretical carbon content and the analysis of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations at the end of the test.
STATISTICAL METHODS:
Values of % degradation were calculated for each test flask and day. The arithmetic mean of % degradation in each test flask on each day was calculated. - Reference substance:
- other: Sodium benzoate
- Remarks:
- CAS 532-32-1
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- -25
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: test flask 1 after 28 d: -24.6% test flask 2 after 28 d: -24.6%
- Details on results:
- No biodegradability of Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) based on O2 consumption was observed after 28 days as compared to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD). The negative biodegradation values (down to -25%) suggest that the test item is slightly toxic for the activated sludge.
The respective concentrations of dissolved organic carbon at the beginning and at the end of the test (measured value, as mg DOC/l) were, respectively:
27.0 and 11.8 for the test units (mean of two replicates)
<0.5 and 0.731 for the blank control (mean of two replicates)
36.9 and 0.845 for the procedure control (mean of two replicates)
The total elimination calculated based on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements reached 58% for Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) and 100% for sodium benzoate, respectively. This data is higher than the degradation calculated based on O2 consumption and suggests that this observed elimination is rather due to adsorption of the test item to the activated sludge than to biodegradation.
Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) is not biodegradable in the Manometric Respirometry Test 301 F within 28 days. - Results with reference substance:
- The procedure control sodium benzoate reached 85% biodegradation after 14 days, thus confirming suitability of inoculum and test conditions.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- A 28-d ready biodegradability test (OECD 301F, Manometric Respirometry Test) using activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant indicated that Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50%) (CAS no. 75314-26-0) is not biodegradable in the Manometric Respirometry Test 301 F within 28 days.
- Executive summary:
The biodegradability of Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50%) (CAS no. 75314 -26 -0) exposed to microorganisms derived from activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant was investigated under aerobic static exposure conditions, following the test guideline OECD 301 F.
No biodegradability of Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) based on O2 consumption was observed after 28 days as compared to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD).
The procedure control sodium benzoate reached 85% biodegradation after 14 days, thus confirming suitability of inoculum and test conditions.
The total elimination calculated based on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements reached 58% for Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) and 99% for sodium benzoate, respectively. This data is higher than the degradation calculated based on O2 consumption and suggests that this observed elimination is rather due to adsorption of the test item to the activated sludge than to biodegradation.
Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) (CAS no. 75314 -26 -0) is not biodegradable in the Manometric Respirometry Test 301 F within 28 days.
All validity criteria were fulfilled.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 9 November - 7 December 1994
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well documented study acc. to OECD guideline, not GLP but Good Scientific Practice. Further information on test item is lacking in the report but batch composition is known.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Batch No: 4420725
Storage conditions: Room temperature - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: ARA Werdhölzli, CH-8048 Zürich (09.11.94;9.30 a.m.)
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Prior tothe test the sludge was washed twice with mineral salts solution
- Concentration of sludge: 0.2 g/l dry matter in the final mixture - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 50 mg/L
- Based on:
- DOC
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Aerobic mineral salts medium prepared with double distilled water (conductivity: <1.5 µS/cm; DOC: <0.3 mg/l)
- Additional substrate: none
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): no
- Test temperature: 22 ± 0.5 °C
- pH: 6.5 - 8
- pH adjusted: yes with NaOH or H2SO4
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 1000 ml closed brown glass bottle containing a total volume of test solution of 500 ml
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 flasks
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: aeration with CO2-free air
MEASUREMENTS
The elimination of the test material was followed by DOC-determinations at regular intervals. First samples were analyzed at the beginning of and 3h after starting the test. The trapped CO2 was determined as inorganic carbon (IC).
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: contained activated sludge + test medium, 2 Replicates
- Procedure control: contained activated sludge + test medium + aniline as ready biodegradable reference compound, 1 replicate - Reference substance:
- aniline
- Remarks:
- 50 mg/l
- Test performance:
- see details on results
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 50
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The main degradation process occurred between day 0 and day 8 when 39% of the initial DOC were removed. No significant increase in degradation occurred between day 8 and day 19, after which time again a slight increase of degradation up to 50 % was observed. No significant adaptation period (lag phase) was observed.
No significant elimination of the test substance due to adsorption to ttre activated sludge, on the glass surface or other physico-chemical processes was found as determined by means of DOC measurement 3 h after the start of the test.
However, beside this elimination no significant mineralization of the test substance was observed. During the first 22 days a slightly lower CO2 evolution of the test suspensions than in the inoculum blanks was observed, indicating a slightly toxic effect of the test substance to the activated sludge. At day 28 the CO2 evolution of the test suspensions reached the ones of the inoculum blanks indicating a higher rate of CO2 release in the test suspensions than observed during the first 22 days of incubation.
The positive control, aniline, showed 99% biodegradation after 19 days of incubation thus confirming suitability of inoculum and test conditions. The test was considered valid, since the degradation of the reference compound reached more than 70% within 14 days of incubation.
Based on these results, SANDOGEN CN FL can be termed as inherently biodegradable in the static test, since 50% degradation were attained after 28 days of contact time. - Results with reference substance:
- see details on results
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The test was considered valid, since the degradation of the reference compound reached more than 70 % within14 days of incubation.
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Based on the results in this study according to OECD 302B, SANDOGEN CN FL can be termed as inherently biodegradable in the static test, since 50% degradation were attained after 28 days of contact time, which is above the threshold of 20% degradation for inherent biodegradation.
- Executive summary:
The biodegradability of SANDOGEN CN FL exposed to activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant was investigated under aerobic static conditions.
SANDOGEN CN FL reached a biodegradation of 50% after 28 days.
The main degradation process occured between day 0 and day 8 when 39% of the initial DOC were removed. No significant increase in degradation occurred between day 8 and day 19, after which time again a slight increase of degradation up to 50% was observed. No significant adaptation period (lag phase) was observed.
However, beside this elimination no significant mineralization of the test substance was observed. During the first 22 days a slightly lower CO2 evolution of the test suspensions than in the inoculum blanks was observed, indicating a slightly toxic effect of the test substance to the activated sludge. At day 28 the CO2 evolution of the test suspensions reached the ones of the inoculum blanks indicating a higher rate of CO2 release in the test suspensions than observed during the first 22 days of incubation.
No significant elimination of the test substance due to adsorption to the activated sludge, on the glass surface or other physico-chemical processes was found as determined by means of DOC measurement 3 h after the start of the test.
Based on these results SANDOGEN CN FL can be termed as inherently biodegradable in the static test, since more than 20% degradation was attained after 28 days of contact time.
Referenceopen allclose all
Toxicity control:
At the applied initial test concentration of 103 mg/L the test item was not judged to have any inhibitory effect on the microbial population, since the biodegradation of the mixture (test item + reference item sodium benzoate) exceeded 25% within 14 days. While this seems to be contradictory with the negative degradation values of the test item tested on its own, it could be explained by a better physiological state of the sludge (in presence of a readily biodegradable substrate like sodium benzoate) or to co-metabolic processes.
Abiotic steril control:
Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) was not abiotically degraded (by processes using O2) during the whole test period of 28 days in the absence of microorganisms as confirmed by the lack of oxygen consumption.
Description of key information
Key study (ACH, 2017)
The biodegradability of Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) (CAS no. 75314 -26 -0) exposed to microorganisms derived from activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant was investigated under aerobic static exposure conditions, following the test guideline OECD 301 F (ACH, 2017).
No biodegradability of Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) based on O2 consumption was observed after 28 days as compared to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD).
The procedure control sodium benzoate reached 85% biodegradation after 14 days, thus confirming suitability of inoculum and test conditions.
The total elimination calculated based on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements reached 58% for Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) and 99% for sodium benzoate, respectively. This data is higher than the degradation calculated based on O2 consumption and suggests that this observed elimination is rather due to adsorption of the test item to the activated sludge than to biodegradation.
Benzene, 1,1’-oxybis(methyl-, sulfonated, ammonium salt (ca 50% ) (CAS no. 75314 -26 -0) is not biodegradable in the Manometric Respirometry Test 301 F within 28 days. All validity criteria were fulfilled. The results of the test can be considered reliable without restriction. The study is used as key study for chemical risk assessement.
Supporting study (MBT, 1994)
Additional information from a supporting Zahn-Wellens test (OECD TG 302B) indicates that the substance can be termed as inherently biodegradable in the static test, since more than 20% degradation was attained after 28 days of contact time. However, specific criteria in order to confirm that the substance does not fulfil the criteria for P are not met (< 70% DOC removal within 7 days, MBT, 1994).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
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