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EC number: 275-640-9 | CAS number: 71566-55-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
- Report date:
- 2016
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-3,6-bis(diethylamino)xanthylium bis[3-[(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo]-4-hydroxy-N-3-(isopropoxypropyl)benzenesulphonamidato(2-)]cobaltate(1-)
- EC Number:
- 275-640-9
- EC Name:
- 9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-3,6-bis(diethylamino)xanthylium bis[3-[(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo]-4-hydroxy-N-3-(isopropoxypropyl)benzenesulphonamidato(2-)]cobaltate(1-)
- Cas Number:
- 71566-55-7
- Molecular formula:
- C44H50CoN10O10S2.C28H31N2O3
- IUPAC Name:
- 9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-3,6-bis(diethylamino)xanthylium bis[3-[(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo]-4-hydroxy-N-3-(isopropoxypropyl)benzenesulphonamidato(2-)]cobaltate(1-)
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- - Physical state / Appearance: Solid / red
- Total Organic Carbon: 612 mg/g
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Ambient temperature in a tightly sealed container without exposure to light
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples of each test item loading rate and the control collected at exposure initiation and termination were analysed.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- - The preliminary test (non-GLP):
The preliminary test was performed in a static test design. Four test item concentrations: 100-fold diluted filtrate of a loading of 10 mg/L, 10-fold diluted filtrate of a loading of 10 mg/L, filtrate of a loading of 10 mg/L, filtrate of a loading of 100 mg/L plus the control, were used for exposure.
Appropriate amounts of the test item were weighed separately in glass flasks with ISO test water and mixed with appropriate volumes of the ISO test water [SOP/W/7]. The mixture of a loading of 10 mg/L and the mixture of a loading of 100 mg/L were both visually heterogeneous (with visible undissolved particles) and colored. The mixtures and the control (1500 mL ISO test water) were left for mechanical shaking for 48 hours (30ºC, 90 rpm, darkness). After 48 hours of mechanical shaking, the mixtures (visually heterogeneous) and the control were left at room temperature for a settling phase (no shaking). After 24 hours of settling, the mixtures were visually heterogeneous. All mixtures and the control were filtrated, first through a conditioned paper filter (qualitative cellulose filter) and next through a conditioned nitrocellulose membrane filter (HAWG filter, 0.22 Vm, Millipore), [SOP/W/37]. Filtration was chosen as the separation method since centrifugation was not possible with the large volumes of test solution. Each filtrate was visually homogeneous (without any visible undissolved
particles). The filtrate of a loading of 10 mg/L was diluted in a volumetric ratio 1:9 with ISO test water (i.e. 50 mL of the filtrate was mixed with 450 mL of ISO test water). From each, the filtrate of a loading of 10 mg/L, the filtrate of a loading of 100 mg/L and the control, two samples were collected for chemical determinations (50 mL each). One was transferred to chemical analyses at exposure initiation, the second one was stored under test conditions [SOP/W/83].
The procedure of diluting the loading filtrates to get the test media as performed in the preliminary test was changed in the definitive test to the preparation of individual loadings without dilution of the filtrates as recommended in OECD Guidance Document No. 23 and taking into account the results of the water solubility study.
- The definitive test:
The definitive test was performed as a static test. The total period of exposure was 48 hours. Based on the results of the preliminary test, the definitive test was performed using five test item concentrations: filtrate of a loading of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 mg/L plus the control.
Appropriate amounts of the test item were weighed separately in glass flasks with ISO test water and mixed with appropriate volumes of the ISO test water [SOP/W/7]. The mixtures were visually heterogeneous (with visible undissolved particles) and colored. The mixtures and the control (1500 mL ISO test water) were left for mechanical shaking for 48 hours (30ºC, 90 rpm, darkness). After 48 hours of mechanical shaking, the mixtures (visually heterogeneous) and the control were left at room temperature for a settling phase (no shaking). After 24 hours of settling, the mixtures were visually heterogeneous. All mixtures and the control were filtrated, first through a conditioned paper filter (qualitative cellulose filter) and next through a conditioned nitrocellulose membrane filter (HAWG filter,
0.22 Vm, Millipore), [SOP/W/37]. Filtration was chosen as the separation method since centrifugation was not possible with the large volumes of test solution. Each filtrate was visually homogeneous (without any visible undissolved particles). From each filtrate and the control, two samples were collected for chemical determinations (50 mL each). One was transferred to chemical analyses at exposure initiation, the second one was stored under test conditions [SOP/W/83].
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain/clone: Daphnia magna Straus
- Source: Originated from the standard laboratory culture cultivated at the Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Branch Pszczyna, Department of Ecotoxicology
- Feeding during test: None
- Culturing: Daphnia magna was cultured in glass beakers with a capacity of 150 mL (one parent per vessel) containing 100 mL of ISO test water at room temperature. The daily light cycle was 16 h light : 8 h dark (KANLUX electronic time programmer, Poland).
The culture was maintained in the ISO test water [SOP/W/67]. The Daphnia magna were fed with a suspension of algae; mixture of two species Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata : Desmodesmus subspicatus (in 2:1 ratio) originating from separate cultures in the Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology [SOP/W/65]. Group B vitamins and micronutrients necessary for proper growth were supplied with the lyophilized suspension of Spirulina sp.. The Daphnia magna used in the tests were less than 24 h old.
- Culture medium: The ISO test water recommended by the OECD Guideline No. 202 (2004) was used to culture the test organisms and as a diluent/solvent of the test item. The medium was prepared on the basis of deionised water [SOP/W/71] by adding stock solutions of reagent-grade chemicals. The stock solutions for culturing Daphnia magna were renewed on a regular basis [SOP/W/18, SOP/W/67]. The alkalinity determined for ISO test water was 67.65 mg/L as NaHCO3. The hardness determined for ISO test water was 233.6 mg/L as CaCO3 [SOP/W48, SOP/W/82].
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 233.6 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 19.4 - 20.2 ºC
- pH:
- 7.29 - 7.50
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.4 - 8.5 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 mL capacity, containing 100 mL of a given test item concentration or the control. The beakers were covered with transparent lids in order to minimize evaporation and to prevent accidental contamination
- Aeration: No
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 20 mL of a given treatment per Daphnia magna
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ISO test water
- Alkalinity: 67.65 mg/L as NaHCO3
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH values and the dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured at exposure initiation, i.e. before splitting up into replicates, and at exposure termination in pooled replicates.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
- Light intensity: Fluorescent lighting was used
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Daphnia magna were observed for immobilization after 24 and 48 h of exposure. The Daphnia magna were considered immobile if they showed no ability to swim within 15 seconds after swirling the test vessel.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
In the preliminary test, the pH values measured at exposure initiation were in the range of 7.31 – 7.38, and in the range of 7.36 – 7.45 at exposure termination. The dissolved oxygen concentrations measured at exposure initiation were in the range of 7.9 – 8.2 mg/L, and in the range of 7.7 – 7.8 mg/L at exposure termination. The temperature was in the range of 19.3 – 20.4°C. At exposure termination, the immobilization of Daphnia magna was 65% in the test item concentration: filtrate of a loading of 100 mg/L. In the remaining test item concentrations and the control, no immobilization of Daphnia magna was observed during exposure. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 76.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: loading rate
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL10
- Effect conc.:
- 39.68 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: loading rate
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: loading rate
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: loading rate
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- The pH values measured at exposure initiation were in the range of 7.34 – 7.50, and in the range of 7.29 – 7.47 at exposure termination. The dissolved oxygen concentrations measured at exposure initiation were in the range of 8.3 – 8.6 mg/L, and in the range of 8.2 – 8.5 mg/L at exposure termination.
The conductivity of the test medium measured at exposure initiation in the control, before split up into replicates, was 586 μS/cm.
The recorded temperature was in the range of 19.4 – 20.2ºC with a variation of up to 0.8 ºC. This is compliant with the allowed variation during exposure of ± 1.0 ºC.
During exposure, no immobilization was observed in the control and in the filtrate of a loading of 12 and 6.25 mg/L. In the filtrate of a loading of 25, 50 and 100 mg/L, the immobilization was 5, 10 and 75%, respectively. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The test with the reference material potassium dichromate was performed from December 01, 2016 to December 03, 2016. The purity of the reagent used in the test was 99.8%. The reagent (batch no.: 1403/02/16) was provided by Avantor (supplier of reagents). Five concentrations of the reference material ranging from 0.32 to 3.2 mg/L and a control were used. There were four replicates of each reference material concentration and the control. Five young Daphnia magna were introduced into each replicate.
The EC50 after 48 h was determined to be 0.63 mg/L (further results see below)
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 2. Endpoint values based on the nominal concentrations of the reference material [mg/L]
Endpont value | Time of exposure | |
24 h | 48 h | |
EC50 | 0.86 (0.70 – 1.05) |
0.63 (0.53 – 0.75) |
EC20 | 0.53 (0.38 – 0.65) |
0.44 (0.34 – 0.53) |
EC10 | 0.41 (0.27 – 0.53) |
0.37 (0.26 – 0.45) |
LOEC | 0.56 | 0.56 |
NOEC | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test substance is acutely harmful for aquatic organisms.
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