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EC number: 233-251-1 | CAS number: 10101-50-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- See the read-across report attached in Section 13
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 111 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- other: Mn
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Justification for type of information:
- See the read-across report attached in Section 13.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 11268-2 (Effects of Pollutants on Earthworms. 2. Determination of Effects on Reproduction)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- natural soil used rather than artificial soil
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- The test substrate is a natural soil containing 1.2% organic matter.
- Test organisms (species):
- Eisenia fetida
- Animal group:
- annelids
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- natural soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 111 mg/kg soil dw
- Conc. based on:
- other: Mn
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- no
- Remarks:
- Only in the lowest concentration group (100 mg/kg) had a coefficient of variation less than 30%. Mean mortality was less than 10% in the definitive study, apart from top dose, and in rangefinder for concentrations up to 500 mg/kg.
- Conclusions:
- The 21 day NOEC based on reproduction is 1111 mg Mn/kg soil
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- See the read-across report attached in Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 267 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: Mn
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 157 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: Mn
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Justification for type of information:
- See the read-across report attached in Section 13.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ISO/CD 16387 (Draft)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- The soil was a natural soil containing 1.2% organic matter.
- Test organisms (species):
- Enchytraeus sp.
- Animal group:
- annelids
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- natural soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: rangefinder- 100, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10000 mg Mn/kg
Nominal : definitive test - 10, 18, 31, 54, 94, 164,287, 503 mg Mn/kg - Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 267 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: Mn
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 157 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- other: Mn
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- for definitive test, but in range-finder, adult mortality was > 20% for 1000mg/kg and above. Not considered to affect final result from definitive test
- Conclusions:
- The No Observable Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 157 mg Mn/kgdw.
Referenceopen allclose all
Range-finding tests for manganese (Mn) were performed using Mn sulphate (MnSO4·H2O). Nominal concentrations of Mn (w/w) in soil were 0, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, and 10000 mg/kg. Results showed cocoon production was 69% of control at 500 mg/kg and 4% of control at 1000 mg/kg. No cocoons were produced in soil containing mg more than 1000 mg/kg.
ANOVA results of definitive cocoon production tests using actual measured concentrations of Mn produced a bounded NOEC of 1111 mg/kg and a bounded LOEC of 1236 mg/kg at P=0.05. Cocoon production was analyzed by nonlinear regression. The Gompertz nonlinear model produced best fit. The EC50 derived from this model for toxicity of Mn to E.fetida cocoon production was 629 mg/kg. The EC50 was 927 mg/kg. Results of the definitive adult survival tests using actual measured concentrations of Mn, showed a bounded NOEC of 1444 mg/kg and a bounded LOEC of 2222 mg/kg. Adult EC20 and EC50 values were 1718 mg/kg and 1920 mg/kg, respectively.
Endpoint |
Cocoon production |
Adult |
NOEC mg/kg |
1111 |
1444 |
LOEC mg/kg |
1236 |
2222 |
The natural background manganese concentration determined in the negative control treatment was 94 mg/kg. Total extractable manganese concentrations (in excess of background) in the experimental treatments ranged from 50 to 117% and averaged 94% of nominal. Exchangeable Mn fraction expressed as percent of total concentration increased with increasing soil Mn loads.
Table 1: Nominal and measured concentrations
Nominal (mg/kg) |
Measured (mg/kg) |
Corrected recovery (%) |
0 |
94 |
- |
10 |
99 |
50 |
18 |
110 |
89 |
31 |
119 |
80 |
54 |
157 |
117 |
94 |
191 |
103 |
164 |
267 |
105 |
287 |
386 |
102 |
503 |
644 |
109 |
Range finding test:
Range finding test for manganese was conducted using MnSO4·H20. Adult survival decreased by 10% at 500 mg/kg and by 95% at 1,000 mg/kg. Juvenile production decreased by 33% at 100 mg/kg. There were no surviving adults above 1,000 mg/kg or juveniles above the 100 mg/kg treatment concentrations.
Definitive test:
Test results complied with the validity criteria defined in the test guideline. Mean adult survival in negative controls ranged from 97.5 to 100%. The mean juvenile production in negative controls ranged from 735 to 1104 juveniles, and the coefficient of variation ranged from 6 to 18%.
Manganese did not affect (P = 0.721) adult E. crypticus survival up to 191 mg/kg concentration. Adult survival was reduced by 5% (P = 0.48) at 267 mg/kg. Juvenile numbers were significantly (P < 0.0001) higher in the 99 mg/kg treatment compared to negative control suggesting the hormetic effect of Mn on reproduction at this exposure level. The bounded No Observed Adverse Effect Concentration (NOAEC) for juvenile production was 157 mg/kg (P = 0.52). The bounded Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Concentration (LOAEC) for juvenile production was 191 mg/kg (P < 0.0001). No juveniles were produced in 644 mg/kg treatment. The hormetic effect at the 99 mg/kg concentration level suggested the use of the hormetic model to estimate ECp parameters for Mn data.
Description of key information
Kuperman et al. (2002) Read Across from MnSO4
Under the conditions of the study the No Observable Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 157 mg Mn/kg dw.
Simini et al. (2002) Read across from MnSO4
Under the conditions of the study, the 21 day NOEC based on reproduction is 1 111 mg Mn/kg soil.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for soil macroorganisms:
- 157 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
Kuperman et al. (2002) Read Across from MnSO4
Under the conditions of the study the No Observable Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 157 mg Mn/kg dw. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
Simini et al. (2002) Read across from MnSO4
Under the conditions of the study, the 21 day NOEC based on reproduction is 1 111 mg Mn/kg soil. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
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