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EC number: 226-882-9 | CAS number: 5533-03-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 7 - 17 October 2002
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Reliability 1 is assigned because the study was conducted according to OECD TG 202 in compliance with GLP.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- other: Information used for read across
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The test concentrations of the test item were verified by HPLC analysis with UV/Vis detection.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus
- Source: cultured in-house, obtained from a strain originating from the University of Sheffield in UK
- Age at study initiation: 6-24 hours old
- They were not first brood progeny. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- The numbers of mobile, immobile and floating Daphnia were counted approximately 24 and 48 hours after the start of the study.
- Hardness:
- 250 mg/l
- Test temperature:
- 19 - 21°C
- pH:
- 7.8 - 7.9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 8.5 mg O2/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentrations: 4.6, 10, 22, 46 and 100 mg/I.
Measured test concentrations (at the day 0): 4.79, 10.2, 21.1, 44.3 and 90.5 mg/l.
Measured test concentrations (at the day 2): 4.65, 10.2, 21.8, 42.6 and 88.6 mg/l.
Measured test concentrations (means): 4.72, 10.2, 21.4, 43.4 and 89.5 mg/I. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- At each concentration and for the control, 20 daphnids were used, divided into two replicates of ten daphnids each. The daphnids were randomly distributed to the test vessels at initiation of the test. The loading rate was lower than one daphnia per 2 ml test solution.
- The test was performed in 100 ml glass beakers filled with 50 ml test medium.
- Cultures were maintained at 19 - 21 °C under a photoperiod of 16 hours light : 8 hours dark (light intensity: 500 - 685 Lux) and without supplementary feeding during the 48 hour exposure period.
- The temperature in each vessel, the pH and dissolved oxygen levels were recorded at the start and at the end of the study. The appearance of the test media was visually recorded at the start of the test and after 24 and 48 h.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Daphnia were considered to be immobilised if they were unable to swim for approximately 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test vessel. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate, tested at least once a year
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 23 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 17 and 30 mg/L
- Details on results:
- Measured concentrations in the analyzed test media from the start and the end of the test ranged between 89-104 % of the nominal values. The test item was stable in the test media during the test period of 48 h. Therefore, the results are based on the nominal concentrations.
Individual pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen values remained within acceptable limits throughout the duration of the study. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 48-hour EC50 and the 95% confidence limits were calculated by Probit Analysis.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48 h-EC50 is 23 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
An acute Daphnia study was performed in accordance with OECD TG 202 using static exposure. Groups of twenty Daphnia (less than 24 hours old) were exposed for 48 hours to five concentrations of the substance dispersed in test water. The test solution at the nominal concentration of 100 mg/l was prepared and was stirred intensely for 10 min at RT. Then the other test solutions were prepared by diluting this solution. The nominal concentrations ranged from 4.6 to 100 mg/l. Measured concentrations in the analyzed test media from the start and the end of the test ranged between 89-104 % of the nominal values. The test item was stable in the test media during the test period of 48 h. Therefore, the results are based on the nominal concentrations. The EC50 after 48h was 23 mg/I.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: read across was applied
- Justification for type of information:
- Read across from Methyl diantilis was applied. The respective read-across document can be found in the endpoint summary. The read-across document is also attached in the endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 23 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 17 and 30 mg/l
Referenceopen allclose all
Cumulative immobilisation data for Daphnia magna exposed for 48 hours to the test substance:
Nominal test item concentration (mg/l) |
No. of daphnids tested |
Immobilized daphnids after 24 hours – no. |
Immobilized daphnids after 24 hours – % |
Immobilized daphnids after 48 hours – no. |
Immobilized daphnids after 48 hours – % |
0 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4.6 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
20 |
22 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
55 |
46 |
20 |
2 |
10 |
16 |
80 |
100 |
20 |
4 |
20 |
18 |
90 |
Description of key information
The EC50 after 48h was 23 mg/I, based on read across from Methyl diantilis.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 23 mg/L
Additional information
For Vaniwhite, read across from Methyl diantilis was applied. Read across justification is added in the endpoint summary of Aquatic toxicity because also the algae toxicity is presented there. Below the experimental results for Methyl diantilis are presented.
An acute Daphnia study was performed in accordance with OECD TG 202 using static exposure. Groups of twenty Daphnia (less than 24 hours old) were exposed for 48 hours to five concentrations of the substance dispersed in test water. The test solution at the nominal concentration of 100 mg/l was prepared and was stirred intensely for 10 min at RT. Then the other test solutions were prepared by diluting this solution. The nominal concentrations ranged from 4.6 to 100 mg/l. Measured concentrations in the analyzed test media from the start and the end of the test ranged between 89-104 % of the nominal values. The test item was stable in the test media during the test period of 48 h. Therefore, the results are based on the nominal concentrations. The EC50 after 48h was 23 mg/I.
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