Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 943-098-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
PBT assessment
Administrative data
PBT assessment: overall result
- Name:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Type of composition:
- boundary composition of the substance
- State / form:
- solid: nanoform
- Reference substance:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Type of information reported:
- set of nanoforms
- Reason / purpose:
- justification for reporting set of similar nanoforms
- Remarks:
- Material purity belonging to one set of nanoforms as described in this Boundary composition
- Related information:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Reason / purpose:
- justification for reporting set of similar nanoforms
- Remarks:
- Material purity belonging to one set of nanoforms as described in this Boundary composition
- Related information:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Shape category:
- elongated
- Shape:
- tube
- Pure shape:
- yes
- Shape category:
- elongated
- Percentile:
- D90
- Typical value:
- ca. 2 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.9 - <= 2.2 nm
- Percentile:
- D50
- Typical value:
- ca. 1.69 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.6 - <= 1.8 nm
- Percentile:
- D10
- Typical value:
- ca. 1.35 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.2 - <= 1.45 nm
- Typical length:
- ca. 10 μm
- Range of length:
- >= 1 - <= 20 μm
- Range of lateral dimension 1:
- >= 1 - <= 2.4 nm
- Range of lateral dimension 2:
- >= 1 - <= 2.4 nm
- Range of aspect ratio (:1):
- >= 2 000 - <= 10 000
- Fraction of constituent particles in the size range 1-100 nm:
- >= 90 - <= 100 %
- Structure:
- amorphous
- Pure structure:
- yes
- Range of specific surface area:
- >= 300 - <= 1 500 m²/g
- Surface treatment applied:
- no
- Does the set contain both treated and non-surface treated nanoforms?:
- no
- Name:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Type of composition:
- legal entity composition of the substance
- State / form:
- solid: nanoform
- Related composition:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Reference substance:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Type of information reported:
- single nanoform
- Shape category:
- elongated
- Shape:
- tube
- Pure shape:
- yes
- Shape category:
- elongated
- Percentile:
- D10
- Typical value:
- ca. 1.3 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.2 - <= 1.4 nm
- Percentile:
- D50
- Typical value:
- ca. 1.7 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.6 - <= 1.8 nm
- Percentile:
- D90
- Typical value:
- ca. 2 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.9 - <= 2.2 nm
- Typical length:
- ca. 10 μm
- Range of length:
- >= 1 - <= 20 μm
- Range of lateral dimension 1:
- >= 1 - <= 2.4 nm
- Range of lateral dimension 2:
- >= 1 - <= 2.4 nm
- Typical aspect ratio (:1):
- ca. 5 000 :1
- Range of aspect ratio (:1):
- >= 2 000 - <= 10 000
- Fraction of constituent particles in the size range 1-100 nm:
- >= 90 - <= 100 %
- Structure:
- amorphous
- Pure structure:
- yes
- Typical specific surface area:
- ca. 1 000 m²/g
- Range of specific surface area:
- >= 600 - <= 1 300 m²/g
- Surface treatment applied:
- no
- Name:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Type of composition:
- legal entity composition of the substance
- State / form:
- solid: nanoform
- Related composition:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Reference substance:
- Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT)
- Type of information reported:
- single nanoform
- Shape category:
- elongated
- Shape:
- tube
- Pure shape:
- yes
- Shape category:
- elongated
- Percentile:
- D90
- Typical value:
- 2 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.95 - <= 2.1 nm
- Percentile:
- D50
- Typical value:
- 1.68 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.66 - 1.7 nm
- Percentile:
- D10
- Typical value:
- ca. 1.4 nm
- Range:
- >= 1.38 - 1.45 nm
- Typical length:
- ca. 10 μm
- Range of length:
- >= 1 - <= 20 μm
- Range of lateral dimension 1:
- >= 1 - <= 2.2 nm
- Range of lateral dimension 2:
- >= 1 - <= 2.2 nm
- Typical aspect ratio (:1):
- ca. 5 000 :1
- Range of aspect ratio (:1):
- >= 2 000 - <= 10 000
- Fraction of constituent particles in the size range 1-100 nm:
- >= 90 - <= 100 %
- Structure:
- amorphous
- Pure structure:
- yes
- Typical specific surface area:
- ca. 650 m²/g
- Range of specific surface area:
- >= 300 - <= 700 m²/g
- Surface treatment applied:
- no
- PBT status:
- the substance is not PBT / vPvB
- Justification:
The concept of PBT and vPvB assessment is hardly applicable to inorganic substances such as single wall carbon nanotubes.
Classical biodegradability studies according to OECD 301 or OECD 302 are not applicable to inorganic material such as single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). However, as SWCNT are also investigated in medicinal applications as carrier for pharmaceutical drugs for use in oral or intravenous therapy treatment and the detoxification of this material in vivo is of utmost importance, the metabolism of these carriers, intentionally if deposited in human bodies, is intensively investigated to ensure safety of such carriers in medicinal use. In various scientific papers it has been described that there are different enzymatic peroxidase assisted mechanisms that biodegrade single wall carbon nanotubes, finally leading to CO2 by such oxidative clearance mechanism. It appears that BSA (blood serum proteins) and different oxidase enzymes such as lactoperoxidase, horseradish peroxidase, lignin peroxidase and myeloperoxidase all were confirmed degrading single wall carbon nanotubes in vivo. Such mechanisms do take place in vivo but also in the environment, and thus it can be assumed that corresponding clearance mechanisms in the environment do also take place, finally degrading such single wall carbon nanotubes to carbon dioxide.
Classical bioaccumulation studies such as determination of the n-octanol/water partitioning coefficient or bioconcentration studies in fish are not applicable to SWCNT for various reasons: a) the substance is inorganic and thus the concept is not applicable; b) the substance is fully insoluble in water and its molecular weight is comparable to a polymer, thus making a penetration through cell membranes, being a pre-requisite for accumulation, virtually impossible; and c) it is almost impossible to analyse the substance quantitatively in biota, as element wise the substance consist of carbon only, which is ubiquitous in biota. Given the complex production process in large scale, 14C marked material is almost impossible to be generated, which would be required to investigate bioaccumulation by radio-carbon methods.
However, considering the size of such “molecules” and the overwhelming scientific literature describing the availability of various oxidase enzymes to catalise oxidative degradation, bioaccumulation in biota appears unlikely.
Finally, no information on systemic toxicity is known so far and a repeated dose toxicity study, combined with a reproductive toxicity screening study, according to OECD 422, in which male and female rats were exposed to 1000 mg/kg bw/d via diet, revealed no effects by the test substance, neither to parental animals nor to pups.
In conclusion, no indication for persistence, bioaccumulation or toxicity is available.
Referenceopen allclose all
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.