Sodium 4-(2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)benzenesulphonate

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to fish:

Acute toxicity range finding test was conducted with bluegill (Leponis Macrochirus) sunfish with test material. Ten fish per concentration were tested in 25-L pickle jars using 20L of water. Test concentrations were 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l for sodium p-sulfophenyl methallyl ether. The test chemical was introduced as aqueous solutions without solvents prior to introducing the fish. Mortality, behavior, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were recorded daily for 96h.After the experiment, the LC0 value for test material for short term toxicity to fish was determined to be 1000 mg/l for 96 hrs. Based on the value, the test material was considered to be non-toxic to aquatic organism and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulation.

Long term toxicity to fish:

28 day exposure of bluegill to aqueous concentrations of upto 60mg/l of test material were carried out in modified continuous-flow proportional dilution apparatus. Thirty-liter aquaria with 30 to 50 fish each were used to expose the test organisms. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study.

The mean measured aqueous concentrations of test material during the 28-day exposure period were 0, 6.3 ± 0.3 mg/l and 60.3 ± 2.5 mg/l. Survival (92%) of bluegill exposed to 6.3 mg/l test material was considered comparable to that of the control group (98%). No abnormal behavioral signs suggestive of toxic effects were observed. Bluegill exposed to 60.3 mg/L test material appeared normal and fed readily until the last week of the study.

During study days 25-28 feeding activity decreased, some fish became dark and lethargic. Death occurred in 28% of this test group. From the observation,the LOEC for bluegill sunfish for long term toxicity to fish for 28 days was determined to be 60.3mg/l.

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Daphnia magna (<24h old) were exposed to test material for 48h using five concentrations and a control. Ten daphnids per beaker were used with three replicates per concentration. Each beaker contained 200 ml of well water. Test solutions were not aerated and no solvents were used. Dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, hardness and temperature were measured at the beginning and end of the study. 48-h static acute toxicity test with Daphnia magna indicated that test material is practically non toxic to the daphnia magna and the 48-h LC50 was determined to be 23,000 (21,340-24,830) mg/L. No effects were also observed below 14,800 mg/l. Based on the above effect concentration it can be concluded that test material can not be classified as per CLP criteria.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

Short term toxicity of test material on the growth and other biological activity of aquatic algae is predicted on the basis of it structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals. The studies are as mentioned below:

 

Short term toxicity study was performed to determine the toxic effect of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals on the algae. The effect of test item was studied on the growth of fresh water green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga, growth inhibition test. The test concentration chosen for the study were 6.25 mg/L,12.5 mg/L,25 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L,200 mg/L. The test concentrations were prepared using stock solution of the test item using mineral media. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of the test item. EC50 calculated graphically through probit analysis was observed to be >200 mg/L. Thus, based on this EC50 value and according to CLP Criteria for aquatic classification of the substance, it is concluded that test chemical does not exhibits toxicity to aquatic algae (Chlorella vulgaris).

Similar study was performed for another structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals. Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the test substance according to OECD Guideline 201. The test substance was dissolved in OECD growth medium and tested at the concentrations 0, 0, 30, 45, 67, 100, 150 mg/L. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance, in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 110.6 mg/L. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be non-hazardous to aquatic algae and cannot be classified as per the CLP criteria.

Study was performed for another structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals. Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the substance according to OECD Guideline 201. The stock solution 150 mg/l was prepared by dissolving light brown powder in OECD growth medium. The solution was kept in ultrasonic bath for 20 min. Test solutions of required concentration were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Sample tested at the concentrations 0, 0, 30, 45, 67, 100 and 150 mg/L. Test performed by the static system for 72hrs of exposure period. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied. The median effective concentration (ErC50) for the test substance, in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 110 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate in a 72 hour study. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be non-hazardous to aquatic algae and cannot be classified as toxic as per the CLP classification criteria.

Thus based on the overall studies for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical for test material, it can be concluded that the test chemical was nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.  

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the toxicity of microorganism of the test chemical .The studies are as mentioned below:

For a functionally similar read across substance , this study was examined to assess the toxic effects of the test compound on bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure. The effective concentration (EC0) value of test material in bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure on the basis of mortality effect was observed to be 1000 mg/L.

Data of another functionally similar read across substance was used to support above data ,this study was examined to assess the toxic effects of the test compound test material on the bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure.The effective concentration (EC0) of test material in bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure on the basis of mortality effect was observed to be 500 mg/L.

Additional information

Short term toxicity to fish:

Short term toxicity of test material on fish was described in a peer reviewed journal for two differenty fish as follows:

For the fishbluegill (Leponis Macrochirus) , acute toxicity range finding test was conducted with bluegill (Leponis Macrochirus) sunfish with test material. Ten fish per concentration were tested in 25-L pickle jars using 20L of water. Test concentrations were 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l for sodium p-sulfophenyl methallyl ether. The test chemical was introduced as aqueous solutions without solvents prior to introducing the fish. Mortality, behavior, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were recorded daily for 96h.After the experiment, the LC0 value for test material for short term toxicity to fish was determined to be 1000 mg/l for 96 hrs. Based on the value, the test material was considered to be non-toxic to aquatic organism and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulation.

For , another fish rainbow trout acute toxicity range finding test was conducted with rainbow trout with test material. Ten fish per concentration were tested in 25-L pickle jars using 20L of water. Test concentrations were 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l for test material. The test chemical was introduced as aqueous solutions without solvents prior to introducing the fish. Mortality, behavior, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were recorded daily for 96h.After the experiment, the LC0 value for test material for short term toxicity to fish was determined to be 1000 mg/l for 96 hrs.

Based on these values, the test material was considered to be non-toxic to aquatic organism and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulation.

Long term toxicity to fish:

28 day exposure of bluegill to aqueous concentrations of upto 60mg/l of test material were carried out in modified continuous-flow proportional dilution apparatus. Thirty-liter aquaria with 30 to 50 fish each were used to expose the test organisms. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study. Stock solutions were prepared once at the beginning of the studies by the addition of a sufficient amount of radiotracer and unlabeled chemical in deionized water to achieve desired concentrations with an acceptable specific activity for each study.

The mean measured aqueous concentrations of test material during the 28-day exposure period were 0, 6.3 ± 0.3 mg/l and 60.3 ± 2.5 mg/l. Survival (92%) of bluegill exposed to 6.3 mg/l test material was considered comparable to that of the control group (98%). No abnormal behavioral signs suggestive of toxic effects were observed. Bluegill exposed to 60.3 mg/L test material appeared normal and fed readily until the last week of the study.

During study days 25-28 feeding activity decreased, some fish became dark and lethargic. Death occurred in 28% of this test group. From the observation,the LOEC for bluegill sunfish for long term toxicity to fish for 28 days was determined to be 60.3mg/l.

In another study , a fathead minnow early life stage chronic toxicity test was carried out to estimate the toxicity of test material. The eggs were less than 24h old at the start of the test. The nominal exposure concentrations were 0, 3.8, 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/L. No solvents were used. Each aquaria contained 5L of test solution.The test temperature was maintained at 25 ± 1°C by means of a circulating water bath.

Fifty eggs were placed in each oscillating egg cap. When hatching was complete, 96h after test initiation, all dead eggs were counted and percent hatchability calculated. At 30 days post hatch the study was ended and the fry were counted, weighed, and measured.

Water samples were collected for test material analysis on days -1,0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 20, 27 and 34. Twenty milliliters of water were collected from each aquaria and measured spectrophotometrically

 

Results indicate that test material did not affect any of the observed parameters as compared with the control fish.Therefore, the maximum applicable toxicant concentration (MATC) for fathead minnow for test material was determined to be >49.4 mg/l.

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Daphnia magna (<24h old) were exposed to test material for 48h using five concentrations and a control. Ten daphnids per beaker were used with three replicates per concentration. Each beaker contained 200 ml of well water. Test solutions were not aerated and no solvents were used. Dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, hardness and temperature were measured at the beginning and end of the study. 48-h static acute toxicity test with Daphnia magna indicated that test material is practically non toxic to the daphnia magna and the 48-h LC50 was determined to be 23,000 (21,340-24,830) mg/L. No effects were also observed below 14,800 mg/l. Based on the above effect concentration it can be concluded that test material can not be classified as per CLP criteria.

In another study for structurally similar read across substance short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was performed in daphnia magna for 48 hrs by the method Directive 84/449/EEC, C.2 "Acute toxicity for Daphnia". Effective concentration was determined. After experiment the EC 50 of test material was determined to be >1000 mg/l. Based on the value, the test material was considered to be non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and can be considered as not classified as per the CLP regulations.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

Short term toxicity of test material on the growth and other biological activity of aquatic algae is predicted on the basis of it structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals. The studies are as mentioned below:

 

Short term toxicity study was performed to determine the toxic effect of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals on the algae. The effect of test item was studied on the growth of fresh water green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The study was conducted following OECD guideline 201- Alga, growth inhibition test. The test concentration chosen for the study were 6.25 mg/L,12.5 mg/L,25 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L,200 mg/L. The test concentrations were prepared using stock solution of the test item using mineral media. The green alga was exposed to the test concentration for a period of 72 hours to observe average specific growth rate and % growth inhibition under the effect of the test item. EC50 calculated graphically through probit analysis was observed to be >200 mg/L. Thus, based on this EC50 value and according to CLP Criteria for aquatic classification of the substance, it is concluded that test chemical does not exhibits toxicity to aquatic algae (Chlorella vulgaris).

Similar study was performed for another structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals. Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the test substance according to OECD Guideline 201. The test substance was dissolved in OECD growth medium and tested at the concentrations 0, 0, 30, 45, 67, 100, 150 mg/L. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance, in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 110.6 mg/L. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be non-hazardous to aquatic algae and cannot be classified as per the CLP criteria.

Study was performed for another structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals. Freshwater algal growth inhibition test was carried out on Desmodesmus subspicatus with the substance according to OECD Guideline 201. The stock solution 150 mg/l was prepared by dissolving light brown powder in OECD growth medium. The solution was kept in ultrasonic bath for 20 min. Test solutions of required concentration were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Sample tested at the concentrations 0, 0, 30, 45, 67, 100 and 150 mg/L. Test performed by the static system for 72hrs of exposure period. Effects on the growth rate of the organism were studied. The median effective concentration (ErC50) for the test substance, in Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined to be 110 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate in a 72 hour study. This value indicates that the substance is likely to be non-hazardous to aquatic algae and cannot be classified as toxic as per the CLP classification criteria.

Thus based on the overall studies for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical for test material, it can be concluded that the test chemical was nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.  

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the toxicity of microorganism of the test chemical .The studies are as mentioned below:

For a functionally similar read across substance , this study was examined to assess the toxic effects of the test compound on bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure. The effective concentration (EC0) value of test material in bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure on the basis of mortality effect was observed to be 1000 mg/L.

Data of another functionally similar read across substance was used to support above data ,this study was examined to assess the toxic effects of the test compound test material on the bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure.The effective concentration (EC0) of test material in bacteria in a 24 hours of exposure on the basis of mortality effect was observed to be 500 mg/L.