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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 432-820-3 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 17 December 2001 to 20 December 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of relevant results.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 002
- Report date:
- 2002
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): S178207
- Physical state: Powder
- Analytical purity: 91.4% w/w total ligand, 25.9% w/w free ligand and 69.1% w/w for the strength of S178207
- Lot/batch No.: NBZ 0155/44
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: in the dark at ambient temperature
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 1.0 ml/l nominal concentration of S178207.
- Sampling method: Aqueous samples were diluted with tetrahydrofuran and analysed by HPLC using a UV/Vis detector. The samples were quantified against standards of S178207.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: not stated in report
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock concentrate of S178207 was prepared by dispersing 0.1 g of S178207 in 10 ml od dimethylformamide. The test solution was prepared from this stock solution by addition of an appropriate volume to 1 litre of culture medium and stirring thoroughly; thus giving a final dimethylformamide concentration of 0.10 ml/l in each exposure vessel. Additions were made sub-surface, gradually, by microlitre syringe, into solutions vigorously stirred by magnetic follower. the resultant solutions were clear and colourless.
- Eluate: same as culture media
- Differential loading: no
- Controls: a solvent control was prepared by the addition of 100 µl of dimethylformaide to 1 litre of culture medium, to give a solvent concentration of 0.1 ml/l. Additions were made sub-surface, gradually, by microlitre syringe, into solutions vigorously stirred by magnetic follower. the resultant solutions were clear and colourless.
The (negative) control consisted of culture medium only.
Control groups was maintained under identical conditions but not exposed to the test material.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): dimethylformamide
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): 1.0 mg/l
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): none stated in report
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Green algae
- Strain: ATCC 22662
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): not stated in report
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 4 days
- Method of cultivation: the culture was grown in the medium and under the same environmental conditions, described for the test.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not stated in report
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: not applicable to algae study
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- All test and control cultures were inspected microscopically at 72 hours.
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Not stated in report.
- Test temperature:
- The daily temperature measurements recorded, by thermometer, in the incubator ranged from 24 to 24.1°C. The hourly temperature measurements, recorded automatically, remained within 24 ± 2°C.
- pH:
- At the start of the test the pH ranged from 7.43 to 7.44 and at the end of the test the range was from 9.61 to 10.30. A maximum increase of 2.86 pH units was observed over the test duration.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not stated in report
- Salinity:
- Not stated in report
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Single nominal concentration of 1.0 mg/l
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 ml borosilicate glass conical flask
- Type: closed, with polyurethane foam bungs
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 250 ml borosilicate glass conical flasks each containing 100 ml of test solution
- Aeration: none
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): not applicable as static test conditions
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): not applicable as static test conditions
- Initial cells density: 1.05E+04 cells/ml
- Control end cells density:
- No. of organisms per vessel: not applicable
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): six
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): six
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): six
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used: not applicable
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
To approximately 900 ml of distilled water, was added 1 ml solutions of A1, A2, A3 and B. These were made up to 1 litre with distilled water. These solutions were autoclaved at 121°C for 15 minutes and allowed to cool. 1 ml of solution C was added using aseptic techniques. All solutions were stored under refrigeration.
Solution A1:
12.75 g of NaNO3, 6.082 g of MgCl2.6H2O, 2.205 g of CaCl2.2H2O and 500 ml of distilled water
Solution A2:
7.35 g of MgSO4.7H2O and 500 ml of distilled water
solution A3:
0.684 g K2HPO4.3H2O and 500 ml distilled water
Solution B (Micronutrients):
0.093 g of H3BO3, 0.208 g of MnCl2.4H2O, 0.080 g of FeCl3.6H2O, 0.150 g of Na2EDTA.2H2O, 1.64 mg of ZnCl2, 0.714 mg of CoCl2.6H2O, 3.36 mg Na2MoO4.2H2O, 0.006 mg CuCl2.2H2O and 500 ml of distilled water
Solution C
7.50 g NaHCO3 and 500 ml of distilled water
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: any change in pH was not adjusted
- Photoperiod: continuous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: Light intensity, measured once during the study, was 7500 lux (by cosine receptor). This was also measured in terms of quantum response and was 90.9 ╢ Einsteins per m2 per second
- Salinity (for marine algae): not applicable
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Determined by electronic particle counting, using a coulter model ZM, counting at a lower threshold equivalent spherical diameter of approximately 2.3 µm.
- Chlorophyll measurement: no
- Other: not applicable
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not applicable, as only one test concentration used
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: not stated in report
- Range finding study
-no range finding study conducted - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): There were no abnormalities detected in any of the control or test cultures at 72 hours.
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: yes
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not stated in report.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Comparison of biomass integral and gowth rate were examined by one-way analysis of variance and dunnett's procedure was used to identify significant differences (P = 0.05) from the solvent control.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The pH shift was considered to be a function of the very high growth factors observed (mean culture medium control 72 hour cell density = 223 x 0 hour initial inoculum density). The pH shift occurred despite a high orbital shaking rate of 160 rpm to improve mass transfer of carbon dioxide into the test solutions.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on area under the growth curve and the logarithmic growth rate over the test period, the results obtained were:
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) = 1.0 mg/l
Lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) = >1.0 mg/l
Median effective concentration, both biomass (EbC50) and growth rate (ErC50) = >1.0 mg/l - Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess the effect of the test material on the growth of the green algae Selenastrum capricornutum. The method followed that described in the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (2006) No 201, "Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test".
Based on area under the growth curve and the logarithmic growth rate over the test period, the results obtained were:
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) = 1.0 mg/l
Lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) = >1.0 mg/l
Median effective concentration, both biomass (EbC50) and growth rate (ErC50) = >1.0 mg/l
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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