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EC number: 208-169-4 | CAS number: 513-79-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation, other
- Remarks:
- in vivo study
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Well documented with individual Draize Scoring Scheme Minor deviations from guideline with no effect on the results: - There were no observations made at 1 hour. - It was not stated if effects other than ocular were observed. - The purity and stability of the test item was missing.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 977
- Report date:
- 1977
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- 1987-02-24
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- , see "rational for reliability"
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cobalt carbonate
- EC Number:
- 208-169-4
- EC Name:
- Cobalt carbonate
- Cas Number:
- 513-79-1
- Molecular formula:
- CH2O3.Co
- IUPAC Name:
- λ²-cobalt(2+) carbonate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cobalt carbonate powder
- Physical state: Fine, light purple powder with a slight odour
No further information on the test material was stated.
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Sweetwater farms
No further information on the test animals was stated.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 g of the undiluted sample was applied to the right eye of each of six rabbits. The left eye of all rabbits was untreated and served as a cntrol.
No further information on amount/concentration applied was stated.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- In 3 of 6 rabbits the test material was left in the eye for 30 seconds . For the remaining three rabbits no statement regarding duration of treatment/exposure was made.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 24, 48 and 72 hours after application of the test material
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 6 rabbits
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): The treated eyes of three rabbits were irrigated following application with 200 ml of lukewarm tap water. The treated eyes of the three remaining received no further treatment.
- Time after start of exposure: Irrigation after 30 seconds
SCORING SYSTEM: Scoring of irritative effects was according to the method of Draize in which corneal, iris and conjunctival effects are scored separately. In this scoring system, injuries to the cornea and iris may represent as much as 80 percent of the total score. Cornea and iris scores are heavily weighted because of their essential role in vision.
No further information on the study design was stated.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.33
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.67
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Remarks on result:
- other: Eyes were not rinsed after application of the test item.
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- At the 24 to 48-hour readings following application of cobalt carbonate powder without a rinse, mild to moderate conjunctivitis in all rabbits was noted. All irritative effects subsided by the 72-hour reading (for results see "Overall irritation/ corrosion results" above).
After application of cobalt carbonate powder followed after 30 seconds with a 200 ml rinse, irritative effects at the 24-hour reading included mild conjunctival erythema in two rabbits. No irritative effects were noted at the 48 and 72-hour observation intervals (for results see "Remarks on results including tables and figures"; table 1).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Eye irritation scores in New Zealand White rabbits following application of 0.1 gram of cobalt carbonate powder followed in 30 seconds by irrigation with 200 mls of lukewarm tap water
Irritation parameter |
Basis |
Time point |
|
Max. Score |
Reversibility |
Remarks |
Cornea score |
Mean animal #4 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Iris score |
Mean animal #4 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Conjunctivae score |
Mean animal #4 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0.33 |
1 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Chemosis score |
Mean animal #4 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Cornea score |
Mean animal #5 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Iris score |
Mean animal #5 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Conjunctivae score |
Mean animal #5 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0.33 |
1 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Chemosis score |
Mean animal #5 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Cornea score |
Mean animal #6 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Iris score |
Mean animal #6 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Conjunctivae score |
Mean animal #6 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Chemosis score |
Mean animal #6 |
24, 48, and 72 hours |
0 |
0 |
|
Eyes rinsed after 30 seconds |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The following classification is based on the results obtained without rinsing the eyes after application.
According to the EC Regulation No. 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is classified as not irritating.
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