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EC number: 203-457-6 | CAS number: 107-05-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- genetic toxicity in vitro
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: other: summary on gene mutation, chromosome aberration, DNA damage and/or repair and genome mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: summary of summaries on in vitro genetic toxicity testing of two regulatory dossiers
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- 5.5 Genetic Toxicity 'in vitro'
- Author:
- Sijm D.
- Year:
- 1 996
- Bibliographic source:
- OECD Screening Information DataSet (SIDS) High Production Volume Chemicals (Processed by UNEP Chemicals), SIDS Initial Assessment Report for the 4th SIAM - CHLOROPROPENE CAS No: 107-05-1, p. 87 - 91; http://www.inchem.org/pages/sids.html
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- ALLYL CHLORIDE
- Author:
- N.N.
- Year:
- 1 999
- Bibliographic source:
- IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 71, Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide, IARC Lyon, France, p. 1231
Materials and methods
- Type of assay:
- other: different types of tests
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3-chloropropene
- EC Number:
- 203-457-6
- EC Name:
- 3-chloropropene
- Cas Number:
- 107-05-1
- Molecular formula:
- C3H5Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-chloroprop-1-ene
Constituent 1
Method
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- see table 1
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- other: different test systems
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- other: positive and negative findings, see table 1
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- other: not applicable
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- other: not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- other: not applicable
- Additional information on results:
- Different studies have been conducted including the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames Test), Aspergillus nidulans forward mutation assay, in-vitro cytogenetic assays in mammalian cell lines, UDS assays in mammalian and human cell lines and DNA binding studies. The DNA binding study was reported to be positive. For the other studies both positive and negative results have been found for 3-chloropropene with and without activation where results are usually more critical without activation. In general high concentrations are needed to elicit genotoxic effects.
- Remarks on result:
- other: other: a variety of test systems
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Genetic and related effects of allyl chloride
Test system |
Resulta |
|
Doseb(LED or HID) |
Reference |
|
Without exogenous metabolic system |
With exogenous metabolic system |
|
|
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation, spot test and plate test |
+ |
+ |
4700 µg/plate |
Bignami et al. (1980) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, reverse mutation, spot test and plate test |
+ |
(+) |
4700 µg/plate |
Bignami et al. (1980) |
Streptomyces coelicolor, forward mutation |
+ |
NT |
9400 µg/plate |
Bignami et al. (1980) |
Streptomyces coelicolor, reverse mutation |
+ |
NT |
9400 µg/plate |
Bignami et al. (1980) |
Aspergillus nidulans, forward mutation |
– |
NT |
37600 µg/plate |
Bignami et al. (1980) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
+ |
(+) |
5740 µg/plate |
Eder et al. (1980) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
+ |
(+) |
NG |
Eder et al. (1982) |
Binding (covalent) to DNA in vitro |
(+) |
NT |
9000 |
Eder et al. (1987) |
Chromosomal aberrations, Chinese hamster lung CHL cells in vitro |
+ |
+ |
400 |
JETOC (1997) |
Escherichia coli pol A+/pol A– differential toxicity (spot test) |
+ |
NT |
9400 µg/disk |
McCoy et al. (1978) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation, substance immersed in a disc, |
– |
– |
9400 µg/disk |
McCoy et al. (1978) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, reverse mutation, substance immersed in a disc, |
(+) |
+ |
940/disk |
McCoy et al. (1978) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA1538, reverse mutation, substance immersed in a disc |
– |
– |
9400/disk |
McCoy et al. (1978) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, reverse mutation, pre-incubatin test |
+ |
+ |
940 µg/plate |
McCoy et al. (1978) |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae D4, gene conversion |
+ |
NT |
14 mg/L |
McCoy et al. (1978) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
(+) |
+ |
2130 µg/plate (20 pre-incubation 532 µg/plate (120 min preincubation) |
Neudecker & Henschler (1985) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
NT |
+ |
- |
Neudecker & Henschler (1986) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
+ |
NT |
0.02 |
Norpoth et al. (1980) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
+ |
NT |
0.05c |
Simmon (1981) |
Escherichia coli WP2, reverse mutation, spot test |
+ |
+ |
18800d |
Dean (1985) |
Escherichia coli WP2 UVRA, reverse mutation, spot test |
+ |
+ |
18800d |
Dean (1985) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA98, reverse mutation |
- |
- |
2000 |
Dean (1985) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA100, reverse mutation |
- |
- |
2000 |
Dean (1985) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, reverse mutation |
- |
- |
2000 |
Dean (1985) |
Salmonella typhimurium TA1538, reverse mutation |
- |
- |
2000 |
Dean (1985) |
Rat liver RL1, cytogenetic assay |
+ |
+ |
>= 25 mg/L |
Dean (1985) |
Aspergillus nidulans, induction of somatic segregation |
+ |
|
45 ppm |
Crebelli 1984 |
HeLa cells, UDS assay + Ames-test |
+ |
+ |
|
Schiffmann 1983 |
UDS assay in human embryonic intestinal cells |
- |
- |
9900 µg/mL |
McGregor, NIOSH 1981 |
|
|
|
|
|
In italics: values directly extracted from “IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 71, Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide, IARC Lyon, France, p. 1231;http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/PDFs/index.php” without further assessment
a +, positive; (+), weak positive; –, negative; NT, not tested
b LED, lowest effective dose; HID, highest ineffective dose; in-vitro tests, µg/mL; NG, not given
c Cells were exposed to allyl chloride vapour; dose = µg/mL in air.
d 20 µL in the spot test
references:
Bignami M, Conti G, Conti L, Crebelli R, Misuraca F, Puglia AM, Randazzo R, Sciandrello G, Carere A. Mutagenicity of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in Salmonella typhimurium, Streptomyces coelicolor and Aspergillus nidulans. Chem Biol Interact. 1980 Apr;30(1):9-23.
Crebelli R, Conti G, Conti L, Carere A. Induction of somatic segregation by halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in Aspergillus nidulans. Mutat Res. 1984 Oct;138(1):33-8.
Dean BJ, Brooks TM, Hodson-Walker G, Hutson DH. Genetic toxicology testing of 41 industrial chemicals.Mutat Res. 1985 Jan-Mar;153(1-2):57-77
Eder E, Neudecker T, Lutz D, Henschler D. Mutagenic potential of allyl and allylic compounds. Structure-activity relationship as determined by alkylating and direct in vitro mutagenic properties. Biochem Pharmacol. 1980 Apr 1;29(7):993-8.
Eder E, Neudecker T, Lutz D, Henschler D. Correlation of alkylating and mutagenic activities of allyl and allylic compounds: standard alkylation test vs. kinetic investigation. Chem Biol Interact. 1982 Feb;38(3):303-15.
Eder E, Lutz D, Jörns M. Allylic compounds bind directly to DNA: investigation of the binding mechanisms in vitro. Chem Biol Interact. 1987 Feb;61(2):97-108.
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 71, Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide, IARC Lyon, France, p. 1231; http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/PDFs/index.php
JETOC. Mutagenicity Test Data of Existing Chemical Substances, Suppl.,,. Chemical Industry Ecology–Toxicology and, 1997 pp. 278–279
McCoy EC, Burrows L, Rosenkranz HS. Genetic activity of allyl chloride. Mutat Res. 1978 Mar;57(1):11-5.
McGregor D.B. IRI report to NIOSH NTIS no. PB86-239845, 1981 Jul 1.
Neudecker T, Henschler D. Mutagenicity of chloroolefins in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome test. III. Metabolic activation of the allylic chloropropenes allyl chloride, 1,3-dichloropropene, 2,3-dichloro-1-propene, 1,2,3-trichloropropene, 1,1,2,3-tetrachloro-2-propene and hexachloropropene by S9 mix via two different metabolic pathways. Mutat Res. 1986 Apr-May;170(1-2):1-9.
Neudecker T, Henschler D. Mutagenicity of chloro-olefins in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome test. I. Allyl chloride mutagenicity re-examined. Mutat Res. 1985 Aug-Sep;157(2-3):145-8.
Norpoth, K., Reisch, A. & Heinecke, A. Biostatistics of Ames-test data. In: Norpoth, K.H. & Garner, R.C., eds,Short-term Test Systems for Detecting Carcinogens, New York, Springer- Verlag, 1980, pp. 312–322
Schiffmann D, Eder E, Neudecker T, Henschler D. Induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis in HeLa cells by allylic compounds. Cancer Lett. 1983 Oct;20(3):263-9.
Simmon, V.F. Applications of theSalmonella/microsome assay. In: Stich, H.F. & San, R.H.C., eds,Short-term Tests for Chemical Carcinogens,, Springer-Verlag, 1981; pp. 120–126
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
other: positive and negative results depending on test system and conducting laboratory
In 29 different tests on genetic toxicity of 3-chloropropene positive and negative results depending on test system and conducting laboratory were found. The overall results are therefore ambiguous, following a conservative approach the substance can be regarded as positive for in vitro genotoxicity. - Executive summary:
The results of 29 different genetic toxicity tests are summarized here. Different studies have been conducted including the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames Test), Aspergillus nidulans forward mutation assay, in-vitro cytogenetic assays in mammalian cell lines, UDS assays in mammalian and human cell lines and DNA binding studies. Positive and negative results depending on test system and conducting laboratory were found. The results are therefore ambiguous, following a conservative approach the substance can be regarded as positive for in vitro genotoxicity.
The DNA binding study was reported to be positive. For the other studies both positive and negative results have been found for 3-chloropropene with and without activation where results are usually more critical without activation. In general high concentrations are needed to elicit genotoxic effects.
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