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EC number: 416-600-4 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2000-08-29 to 2001-01-23
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 001
- Report date:
- 2001
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- other: The objective of this study was to evaluate the plasma pharmacokinetics of the test substance, 14C Diphenylmethane-4,4'-di-N-butylurea, after single administration by the oral and cutaneous routes in rats. In addition, the excretion balance was investigat
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A total of eighty Sprague-Dawley rats (40 males and 40 females), weighing an average 194 g and 166 g for the males and females respectively (7 weeks old), were divided into five groups and each received a single administration of the radiolabelled test substance, 14C Diphenylmethane-4,4'-di-N-butylurea, by the oral or cutaneous route (as suspension in 1 % aqueous carboxymethylcellulose) as follows:
- group 1 (nine rats/sex): oral gavage at a dose-level of 150 mg/kg bw;
- group 2 (nine rats/sex): oral gavage at a dose-level of 1000 mg/kg bw;
- group 3 (nine rats/sex): topical application at a dose-level of 150 mg/kg bw;
- group 4 (nine rats/sex): topical application at a dose-level of 1000 mg/kg bw;
- group 5 (four rats/sex): oral gavage at a dose-level of 150 mg/kg bw,
Groups 1 to 4 were used for plasma pharmacokinetics, whilst group 5 was used for excretion balance. - GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 416-600-4
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 77703-56-1
- Molecular formula:
- C23H32N4O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-butyl-1-[4-({4-[(butylcarbamoyl)amino]phenyl}methyl)phenyl]urea
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Sprague-Dawley rats; Crl CD (SD) IGS BR; Caesarian Obtained, Barrier Sustained-Virus Antibody Free (COBS-VAF)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River UK; Margate, England;
- Age at study initiation: 7 weeks old,
- Weight at study initiation: males: mean 194 g (range: 180 to 217 g); females: mean: 166 g (range: 140 to 202 g);
- Fasting period before study: overnight;
- Housing: for plasma pharmacokinetics (group 1 to 4) in threes in suspended wire-mesh cages;
- Individual metabolism cages: the animals of the excretion balance (group 5) were housed in plastic metabolism cages;
- Diet: ad libitum; A04 C pelleted diet (group 1 to 4), powdered (group 5); Supplier: UAR, Villemoisson, Epinay-sur-Orge, France;
- Water: tap water filtered (0.22 micron filter) ad libitum;
- Acclimation period: 7days (group 3 and 4); 6 days (group 1,2 and 5);
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 21 +/- 2 °C;
- Humidity: 50 +/- 20 % R.H.;
- Air changes: 12 cycles/hour of filtered, non-recycled air;
- Photoperiod: 12 hours light/12 hours dark;
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- other: 1 % aqueous carboxymethylcellulose
- Details on exposure:
- Oral administration (groups 1,2,and 5):
Test dosage forms were administered by gavage (under a dosage volume of 5 mL/kg) using a plastic syringe with a metal probe.
Topical administration (groups 3 and 4):
The day before dosing, on the interscapular/upper back region of the animals, an area of about 10 % of the whole body surface, i.e. 25 cm2 for a rat of 200 g bw and 30 cm2 for a rat of 250 g bw) was clipped free of hair.
On the day of dosing, 20 µL of the test substance dosage form was spread evenly and thinly over each cm2 of the exposed skin using a spatula. The test site was then protected with a gauze pad and lightweight semi-occlusive dressing. - Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Oral dosage: one single dose;
Topical treatment: 24 hours,
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
For doses/concentrations, see Sect. "any other information on materials and methods incl. tables"
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- Oral administration:
150 mg/kg bw: 9 males / 9 females (plasma pharmacokinetics);
1000 mg/kg bw: 9 males / 9 females (plasma pharmacokinetics);
150 mg/kg bw: 4 males / 4 females (excretion balance);
Topical administration:
150 mg/kg bw: 9 males / 9 females (plasma pharmacokinetics);
1000 mg/kg bw: 9 males / 9 females (plasma pharmacokinetics); - Control animals:
- no
- Positive control reference chemical:
- NA
- Details on study design:
- Groups 1 to 4 were used for plasma pharmacokinetics, whilst group 5 was used for excretion balance.
For topical application, the dosage forms were applied for a 24-hours period (during which the site was protected with light bandages) over 10 % of the body surface area; thereafter the bandages were removed and the site washed.
Constant radioactive doses of 2.2 and 3.7 MBq/kg were used for the oral and cutaneous routes, respectively. - Details on dosing and sampling:
- For groups 1 to 4:
Blood samples were collected (from 3 rats/sex/time point) under isoflurane anaesthesia, as follows:
- oral route: 0.25; 0.5; 1; 2; 4, 8; 12; 24 and 48 hours post gavage;
- cutaneous route: 4; 8 and 24 hours post-application and 1; 2, 4, 8; 12 and 24 hours post-removal of the substance.
For group 5:
Weighed urine, feces, and cage-wash were collected predose, and then over the periods 0-24, 24-48, 48-72, 72-120 and 120-168 hours post-gavage.
After final samplings, all animals were killed and the carcasses (including those from group 5) discarded.
The blood samples (after removal of a portion for hematocrit and radioactivity measurements at 3 selected time-points/route) were centrifuged to obtain plasma. Each biological sample was analyzed for total radioactivity after the appropriate preparation, and mass balance calculations were performed for group 5.
During the study, the animals were observed for clinical signs, morbidity and mortality.
Body weight was recorded pre-dosing, the day of treatment and at sacrifice (group 5).
- Statistics:
- The number of animals selected was chosen to be high enough to allow statistical calculations but with attention to minimize animal use as far as is compatible with the scientific objectives of the study.
Results and discussion
- Preliminary studies:
- Not performed
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- Following both oral gavage and topical application (24-hour exposure period) at the dose-levels of 150 and 1000 mg/kg bw, the plasma radioactivity levels were essentially all non-quantifiable, suggesting very poor systemic absorption of the test substance and/or metabolites. The results were homogenous for both sexes/route/dose-level.
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- No distribution in tissues has been investigated.
- Details on excretion:
- Following oral gavages at 150 mg/kg bw, the radioactivity was quickly (> 99 % of fecal recovered dose within 48 hours) and almost exclusively (97.7 / 95.3 % of the total dose for males/females) eliminated in the feces.
The combined recoveries in urine and cage wash were respectively (males/females 0.17 / 0.92 %, giving a total mass balance of 97.9 / 96.2 % over the 168-hour period.
The urine data (in view of the plasma data) would indicate very poor absorption of the test substance and/or metabolites.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- not specified
- Details on metabolites:
- No metabolites have been identified in this study.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Results
Plasma and blood pharmacokinetics (groups 1 to 4)
Following oral and cutaneous dosing at both the low and high dose-levels, all mean plasma levels were essentially below quantifiable limits ( 0.23/1.53 μg-eq/g for the low/high dose-level oral route and 0.14 or 0.068/0.91 or 0.45 μg-eq/g for the low/high dose-level cutaneous route) for all animals. Where levels were quantifiable (i.e. 0.098 μg-eq/g for males and 0.164 μg-eq/g for females at 24 hours post-washing given 150 mg/kg topically), the values can be considered to be effectively at the quantification limits. All blood values were non-quantifiable (> 7.56 Bq/g for both dose-levels and routes).
In view of the above data, no pharmacokinetic data modelling was possible.
Excretion balance (group 5)
Following oral gavage of the isotopic mixture at 150 mg/kg, the mean (±standard deviation) total cumulative recovery of the radioactive dose in the excreta in a 168-hour period was complete at 97.9±2.5% for males and 96.2±3.3% for females. The radioactivity was eliminated rapidly (essentially all within 48 hours) and almost exclusively in the feces (a mean 97.7±2.5% for males and 95.3±3.2% of the administered dose for the males and females, respectively).
For urine, the percentage of the radioactive dose found was extremely low at only 0.032±0.001 % (males) and 0.047±0.018 % (females); this finding, in view of the plasma data, would suggest that the orally given test substance and/or metabolites were not absorbed. For cage wash, the recovery of radioactivity was also low (mean±0.06% and 0.87±1.20% of the dose for the males and females, respectively) indicating that there were no cross-contamination problems. The excretion patterns were homogenous for all animals/sexes.
Mortality and clinical signs
No mortality, morbidity or clinical signs were observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The plasma pharmacokinetics (after oral and topical administration) and elimination of radioactivity in excreta (after oral dosing) of 14C-Diphenylmethane-4,4'-di-N-butylurea (PATE HAT séchée) was investigated. The study showed that:
- very poor systemic absorption of the test substance and/or metabolites;
- the excretion in feces was very quickly and almost exclusively.
The urine data would indicate very poor absorption of the test substance and/or metabolites.
Based on these study results, bioaccumulation of PATE HAT séchée is considered to be not very likely. - Executive summary:
The pharmacokinetic behaviour of PATE HAT séchée was investigated with a 14C radioactive labelled compound of the substance. The plasma pharmacokinetics of the substance after oral and dermal application and the elimination of radioactivity after oral dosing were measured.
The study showed
- very poor systemic absorption of the test substance and/or metabolites;
- very quick and almost exclusive excretion in feces.
Urine data indicated also very poor absorption of the test substance and/or metabolites.
Based on these results, bioaccumulation of PATE HAT séchée is considered to be not very likely.
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