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EC number: 231-820-9 | CAS number: 7757-82-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Literature data
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Statistical models to predict the toxicity of major ions to Ceriodaphnia Dubia, Daphnia Magna and Pimephales Promelas (fathead minnows)
- Author:
- Mount David R., Gulley David D., Hockett Russel J., Garrison Tyler D., Evans James M.
- Year:
- 1 997
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 16, No. 10, pp. 2009–2019, 1997
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- 96 hours test, based on EPA/600/4-90/ 027 (1991) guideline.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium sulphate
- EC Number:
- 231-820-9
- EC Name:
- Sodium sulphate
- Cas Number:
- 7757-82-6
- Molecular formula:
- H2O4S.2Na
- IUPAC Name:
- disodium sulfate
Constituent 1
Test solutions
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Test solutions: were prepared by dissolving individual ion salts in moderately hard reconstituted water (MHRW)
- Stock solution: were prepared from the salt by dissolving 10000 mg/L in MHRW.
- Differential loading: test solutions were prepared by serially diluting the 10000-mg/L stock solutions with MHRW to develop a series of test concentrations spaced on a 0.5 x dilution factor (i.e., 10000, 5000, 2500, 1250 mg/L).
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Pimephales promelas
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Fathead minnow
- Age at study initiation: 1 to 7 days old
- Source: all organisms used were obtained from in-house cultures (ENSR, Fort Collins, CO, USA)
CULTURE
- Medium: tap water pretreated with activated carbon.
- Temperature: at 20 to 25°C
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 25°C
- pH:
- Between pH 7.5 and 9.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 40% saturation
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 10000, 5000, 2500, 1250 mg/L ion concentrations measured in the stock solutions; they are compared to nominal values.
- Details on test conditions:
- PRE-TEST FOR FEEDING EVALUATION
To assess the potential effect of feeding on major ion toxicity, initial tests using C. dubia were conducted both with and without feeding. Analysis of these initial experiments showed that the addition of food represented only a small influence on C. dubia survival.
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 30-ml plastic beakers containing 10 ml of test solution
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 organisms per chamber
- Feeding during the test: because the effect of feeding was small and its inclusion was believed to provide a more representative test matrix, remaining C. dubia tests included feeding, as did all fathead minnow. 100 µl of concentrated brine shrimp nauplii was added after 48 h of exposure, though solutions were not subsequently renewed as recommended by the USEPA
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: moderately hard reconstituted water (MHRW)
Concentrations of major ions were determined analytically in all stock solutions used in testing. Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+ and K+ were determined using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP) according to USEPA method 200.7; chloride and sulphate concentrations were determined by anion chromatography; and HCO3- concentrations were determined indirectly by the measurement of phenolphthalein alkalinity. As HCO3- is the predominate carbonate species present in the pH range of interest (pH 6.5-9.0), alkalinity equivalents were converted directly to HCO3- concentration.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were measured in selected test solutions during actual toxicity testing, primarily on solutions near the threshold for acute toxicity. DO was measured with a Yellow Springs Instrument model 54 DO meter (Yellow Springs, OH, USA) while pH was measured with a Orion pH meter model SA250 (Boston, MA, USA).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16-h : 8-h light : dark
OBSERVATION
Daily observations of mortality. The criteria for death were no visible movement and no response to prodding - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- NaCl
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 7 960 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 7 960 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 8 080 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Pimephales promelas LC50 96h = 7960 mg/L
- Executive summary:
A 96 hours test, based on EPA/600/4-90/ 027 (1991) guideline was conducted to evaluate the short term toxicity of sodium sulphate on fish, Pimephales promelas.
Result
Pimephales promelas LC50 96h = 7960 mg/L
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