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EC number: 428-100-3 | CAS number: 94239-04-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
- Report date:
- 1998
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 472 (Genetic Toxicology: Escherichia coli, Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 428-100-3
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 94239-04-0
- Molecular formula:
- C6H3NF4
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine
- Details on test material:
- - Purity: 99.7%
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Substance ID: F6TF
Lot #: 8922/16
Purity: 99.7%
Method
- Target gene:
- histidine synthesis
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2
- Remarks:
- WP2P
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Type and composition of metabolic activation system: S9 fraction (3 mL), Sucrose-Tris-EDTA buffer (S9 buffer) (7 mL) and Cofactor solution (20 mL)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2500 and 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: acridine mutagen IRC 191, 2-aminoanthracene (2AA), Daunomycin HCl (DR), N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG), Mitomycin C (MMC), and sodium azide (NaZ)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 60 minutes at 37ºC (only for Trial 2 in the presence of S9 mix)
- Exposure duration: 3 days in the dark at 37ºC
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): Following the total incubation period (3 days), the plates were examined for the lack of microbial contamination and evidence that the test was valid: i.e., there was a background lawn on the solvent control plates and on the plates for (at least) the lower concentrations of test substance, and that the positive controls had responded as expected.
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3 plates per concentration in each of two trials - Evaluation criteria:
- Test data from individual experiments are considered valid if
a) the concurrent solvent control data are acceptable;
b) the positive control data show unequivocal positive responses;
Failure of one or more tester strainlS9 combinations does not invalidate the data for the remainder of a concurrent experiment.
A positive response in a (valid) individual experiment is achieved when one or both of the following criteria are met:
a) a statistically significant dose-related increase in the mean number of revertant colonies is obtained;
b) a two-fold or greater increase in the mean number of revertant colonies (over that observed for the concurrent solvent control plates) which is statistically significant, is observed at one or more concentrations.
A negative result in a (valid) individual experiment is achieved when:
a) there is no statistically significant dose-related increase in the mean number of revertant colonies per plate observed for the test substance; and
b) in the absence of any such dose response, no increase in colony numbers is observed (at any test concentration) which exceeds 2x the concurrent solvent control.
For a positive response in an individual experiment to be considered indicative of an unequivocal positive, i.e. mutagenic, result for that strain/S9 combination, then the observed effect(s) must be consistently reproducible. - Statistics:
- An assessment of statistical significance was carried out using a one-tailed Student's t-test. The corresponding probability for each dose level was derived by computer using the appropriate degrees of freedom.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2
- Remarks:
- WP2P
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: Negative for mutagenicity
Any other information on results incl. tables
In two separate assays, the test substance did not induce any significant, reproducible increases in the observed number of revertant colonies in any of the tester strains in the absence of S9-mix, or in strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and WP2P in the presence of S9-mix.
With strain WP2P uvrA in the presence of S9-mix, increases in revertant colony numbers were observed in both experiments conducted. There was, however, no dose response in either experiment and the highest increase in revertant colony numbers (over negative control values) was 2-fold, observed in only one of the two experiments.
The positive controls for each experiment induced the expected responses indicating the strains were responding satisfactorily in each case.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this assay, the test substance gave a negative response to all strains tested in both the presence and absence of S9-mix.
- Executive summary:
The test substance was evaluated in a bacterial mutagenicity assay over a range of concentrations using 4 strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100) and two strains of Escherichia coli (WP2P and WP2PuvrA) in the presence and absence of a rat liver-derived metabolic activation system (S9-mix).
In two separate assays, the test substance did not induce any significant, reproducible increases in the observed number of revertant colonies in any of the tester strains in the absence of S9-mix, or in strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100 and WP2P in the presence of S9-mix. With strain WP2P uvrA in the presence of S9-mix, increases in revertant colony numbers were observed in both experiments conducted. There was, however, no dose response in either experiment and the highest increase in revertant colony numbers (over negative control values) was 2-fold, observed in only one of the two experiments. The positive controls for each experiment induced the expected responses indicating the strains were responding satisfactorily in each case. Under the conditions of this assay, the test substance gave a negative response to all strains tested in both the presence and absence of S9-mix.
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