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EC number: 200-655-4 | CAS number: 67-48-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Partition coefficient
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- partition coefficient
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1988-07-29
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Well-performed and well documented guideline study equivalent to OECD 123. The fact that Choline chloride was tested as 75% aqueous solution is not expected to influence the outcome of the partion coefficient testing. Report only available in German, but applicant employes native speaker.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 123 (Partition Coefficient (1-Octanol / Water), Slow-Stirring Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- shake-flask method to: flask method
- Partition coefficient type:
- octanol-water
- Analytical method:
- other: ion pair chromatography
- Type:
- Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- 0
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: average of three independent determinations
- Type:
- log Pow
- Partition coefficient:
- -3.77
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: average of three independent determinations
- Conclusions:
- The logPow of a 75% choline chloride solution was determined in a well-performed and well-documented study classified as Klimisch 1. Hence, the results can be considered as reliable and sufficient to cover this endpoint. The only difference between the test item and the registered substance is an additional amount of 25% water. This addition is not considered relevant as i.a. the distribution of the compound in water is measured after the establishment of the equilibrium, and hence the logPow of the test item and pure Choline chloride are considered be identical (-3.77).
The experimental result is in the scientifically expected range taking into account the ionic structure of Choline chloride and rather small molecular weight. Also, the variation between the single measurement is relatively small, which contributes to the conclusion that the determined value of logPow = -3.77 is reasonable. - Executive summary:
The water/octanol partition coefficient of a 75% aqueous solution of choline chloride was determined equivalent to OECD guideline 123. The Pow was 0.00017, which corresponds to a logPow of -3.77.
The only difference between the test item and the registered substance is an additional amount of 25% water. This addition is not considered relevant as i.a. the distribution of the compound in water is measured after the establishment of the equilibrium, and hence the logPow of the test item and pure Choline chloride are considered be identical (-3.77).
The study was classified as acceptable and satisfies the requirements of OECD 123.
Reference
Results / raw data
1. Weight:
20.8978 g 1-Octanol (Water saturated)
0.2939 g Choline chloride solution
24.8850 g dest. Water (Octanol saturated)
Concentration of Choline chloride solution in octanol phase: c = 1.8 mg / L
Concentration of Choline chloride solution in water phase: c = 11.83 g / L
Pow = c (choline chloride solution in 1-Octanol phase) / c(choline chloride solution in water phase) = 1.8 mg/L / 11.83 g/L = 0.00015
2. Weight:
20.8978 g 1-Octanol (Water saturated)
0.4203 g Choline chloride solution
24.9756 g dest. Water (Octanol saturated)
Concentration of Choline chloride solution in octanol phase: c = 2.7 mg / L
Concentration of Choline chloride solution in water phase: c = 16.82 g / L
Pow = c (choline chloride solution in 1-Octanol phase) / c(choline chloride solution in water phase) = 2.7 mg/L / 16.82 g/L = 0.00016
3. Weight:
20.9077 g 1-Octanol (Water saturated)
0.6474 g Choline chloride solution
25.0927 g dest. Water (Octanol saturated)
Concentration of Choline chloride solution in octanol phase: c = ca. 5 mg / L
Concentration of Choline chloride solution in water phase: c = 25.82 g / L
Pow = c (choline chloride solution in 1-Octanol phase) / c(choline chloride solution in water phase) = 5 mg/L / 25.82 g/L = 0.00019
Table 1: Summary of results
|
Pow |
logPow |
1. Weight |
0.00015 |
-3.82 |
2. Weight |
0.00016 |
-3.79 |
3. Weight |
0.00019 |
-3.71 |
Average |
0.00017 |
-3.77 |
Description of key information
Octanol / water partition coefficient: Pow = 0.00017, logPow = -3.77 at 25 °C (equivalent to OECD 123)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Log Kow (Log Pow):
- -3.77
- at the temperature of:
- 25 °C
Additional information
The logPow of a 75 % choline chloride solution was determined in a well-performed and well-documented study classified as Klimisch 1 (BASF, 1988).
Hence, the results can be considered as reliable and sufficient to cover this endpoint. The only difference between the test item and the registered substance is an additional amount of 25 % water. This addition is not considered relevant as i.a. the distribution of the compound in water is measured after the establishment of the equilibrium, and hence the logPow of the test item and pure Choline chloride are considered be identical (-3.77).
The experimental result is in the scientifically expected range taking into account the ionic structure of Choline chloride and rather small molecular weight. Also, the variation between the single measurement is relatively small, which contributes to the conclusion that the determined value of logPow = -3.77 is reasonable.
So in summary, the available data from this one study (BASF, 1988) is sufficient to cover this endpoint and meets fully the tonnage-driven data requirements under REACH. Hence, no further testing is required.
In general, the logPow is a very important parameter for risk assessment. Especially a negative value like the determined one (logPow = -3.77) allows to draw relevant conclusions, for example poor dermal absorption due to the ionic structure, a not existing potential for accumulation or the impact of the accompanied high water solubility on ecotoxicity testing. These points will be discussed more intensely in the corresponding sections.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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