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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 941-237-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well described acceptable study done according to GLP principles., no substance purity mentioned.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- other company data
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 985
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Federal Register, vol.43, no 163-Tuesday, Aug.22, 1978
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method of Draize
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ammonium chloride
- EC Number:
- 235-186-4
- EC Name:
- Ammonium chloride
- Cas Number:
- 12125-02-9
- Molecular formula:
- ClH4N
- IUPAC Name:
- ammonium chloride
- Details on test material:
- Ammonium chloride, Reagent Chemical, Lot #50820
crystalline
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Six New Zealand White Albino Rabbits were randomly selected from a shipment of 12 rabbits received on September 16, 1985 from Rich-Glo-farms (U.S.D.A. 74-AA-29), El Campo, Texas. The animals were good health, being observed for 21 days prior to testing.
The animals were housed in galvanized steel cages placed over trays lined with aspen bedding. Purena Complete Rabbit Chow, Lot #197C and City of Houston Tap Water was available at all tomes. The rabbit quarters are air conditioned, temperature ranged from 72 - 76 dgree F, relative humidity from 40 to 60 %.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- abraded
- Vehicle:
- other: about 1 mL of distilled-deionized water
- Controls:
- not required
- Amount / concentration applied:
- undiluted
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hour(s)
- Observation period:
- at least 48 h
- Number of animals:
- 6
- Details on study design:
- The backs of 6 rabbits were clipped free of hair in an area of about 15 X 12 square cm. The backs of the animals were divided into quadrants. The animals were abraided in a 2 square mm cross-hatch pattern on the tatoo side by drawing a lancet across the skin, being careful not to penetrate the dermis. Two-one square inch areas on each rabbit were tested. Two unabraided additional 1 squre inch sites on each rabbit were also tested. 0.5 gram of crystalline Ammonium chloride were placed in a double layered 1 square inch gauze pad and affixed to the four test sites on each animal with adhesive tape. The gauze was moistened with about 1 mL of distilled-deionized water and a polyethylene wrapper was placed over the bandages and wound around the trunk. The wrapper was secured with masking tape. The animals were placed in a restraining box and replaced in their individual cages. Water was available to the animals during the test. After 24 hours the animals were released from their restraints and the bandages were removed. All bandages were stuck to the skin by the test materials but peeled away with no skin removed. The remaining test materials was brushed of the skin but was not other wise removed. The skin was scored according to the method of Draize.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Redness/Edema/Eschar
- Basis:
- animal: all
- Time point:
- other: 48
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- other: all observed effects were reversible within 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: see below
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Redness / Edema / Eschar
Abraided( 12 tests): Score (2)X7, (3)X5 /0 /0
Unabraided (12 tests):Score (2)X7, (3)X5 /0 /0 after 24 hours
These changes were not observed after 48, 72, 96 hours - Other effects:
- The only redness was observed after 24 hours and disappeared within 48 hours.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- moderately irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: not specified
- Conclusions:
- Ammonium chloride is moderately irritant to abraided and unabraided skin.
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