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EC number: 941-628-3 | CAS number: 1263184-87-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 18 Aug 2014 to 20 Aug 2014
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Version / remarks:
- 2010
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- Not applicable
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test item amounts of 5.16, 50.24, 500.0, 500.3 and 500.3 mg were weighed on an analytical balance and transferred to the designated test vessels with 234 mL water. The test item was mixed into the water by intense stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature. The pH of the test dispersions was adjusted with a 0.1M NaOH solution from pH 6.5 to the range 7.3 to 7.5.
- Controls: Blank control, containing an equal volume of activated sludge and synthetic medium but no test or reference item, and positive control
- Evidence of undissolved material: All test concentrations were clearly above the water solubility limit of the test item under the test conditions - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- - Laboratory culture: No
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Based on the wet to dry weight ratio, an aliquot of washed sludge was suspended in tap water to obtain a concentration equivalent to 3 g dry material per litre. During the holding period of two days prior to use, the sludge was fed daily with 50 mL synthetic sewage feed* per liter and was kept at room temperature under continuous aeration until use. Before use, the dry weight of the activated sludge was measured again and adjusted. The pH of the activated sludge inoculum was adjusted to 7.3.
* Synthetic sewage feed:
16 g peptone;
11 g meat extract;
3 g urea;
0.7 g NaCl;
0.4 g CaCl2.2H2O;
0.2 g MgSO4.7H2O;
2.8 g K2HPO4
Made up to 1 litre with deionised water.
- Pretreatment: None
- Initial biomass concentration: 3 g/L dry weight in the inoculum (equivalent to 1.5 g dry material per litre test medium) - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None reported
- Hardness:
- Not reported
- Test temperature:
- 20 ºC
- pH:
- Test start range: 7.2 to 7.4
Test end range: 7.7 to 8.0 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Test start range: 7.6 to 7.9 mg O2/L
Test end range: 8.0 to 8.3 mg O2/L - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Test substance nominal concentrations: 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L
- Reference substance nominal concentrations: 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 2000 mL glass beakers filled with 500 mL incubation mixture
- Aeration: Continuous aeration by intense stirring with magnetic stirrer
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): Single replicates for 10 and 100 mg/L test item concentrations and 3 replicates for 1000 mg/L test item concentration
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per reference item (replicates): Single replicates
- Sludge concentration (weight of dry solids per volume): 3 g/L dry weight in the inoculum (equivalent to 1.5 g dry material per litre of test medium)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Distilled or deionised water, containing less than 1 mg/L dissolved organic carbon
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: The pH of the test dispersions was adjusted with a 0.1M NaOH solution from pH 6.5 to the range 7.3 to 7.5
- Light intensity: Normal laboratory lighting
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): pH values and dissolved oxygen concentrations were determined in all test media and the controls at the start and at the end of the 3-hour incubation period. The test media temperature was measured in one control at the start and at the end of the incubation period. For measurement of the respiration rate a well-mixed sample of each test medium was poured into a BOD-flask after three hours of incubation time, and was not further aerated. Subsequently, the dissolved oxygen concentration was measured with an oxygen electrode and was continuously recorded. During measurement, the samples were continuously stirred by magnetic stirrers.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: A definitive test was not necessary since in the range-finding test the test item showed no inhibition of the respiration rate at the highest tested concentration (performed as triplicate) - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-Dichlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Details on results:
- - Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: Based on the physical appearance of the test suspensions, the saturation concentration was reached at a concentration of <10 mg/L
- Blank controls oxygen uptake rate: The specific respiration rates for both blank control replicates prepared at the beginning of the exposure period were 39 mg O2 per dry weight of activated sludge per hour and for the two replicates prepared at the end of the test, 43 and 41 mg O2/gh
- Coefficient of variation of oxygen uptake rate in control replicates: 5 % - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Relevant effect levels: The 3-hour EC50 of the reference item 3,5-dichlorophenol (positive control) was calculated to be 10 mg/L (the 95 % confidence limits could not be calculated for mathematical reasons). The 3-hour EC50 is within the guideline-recommended range of 2 - 25 mg/L, confirming suitability of the activated sludge used. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 3-hour EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC80 values and their 95 % confidence limits could not be calculated because of the absence of a toxic effect of the test item on the respiration rate of activated sludge at the tested concentrations. The NOEC was derived directly from the raw data without use of statistics. The 3-hour EC50 of the reference item was derived by Probit Analysis using linear maximum likelihood regression.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The specific respiration rate of the blank controls was higher than 20 mg O2/gh, the coefficient of variation of oxygen uptake rate in control replicates was less than 30 % and the 3-hour EC50 of 3,5-dichlorophenol is within the range of 2-25 mg/L.
- Conclusions:
- The 3-hour NOEC value for the inhibitory effect of the test material on the respiration rate of aerobic activated sludge microorganisms was 1000 mg/L, based on nominal concentrations. The 3-hour EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC80 values were determined to be > 1000 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The inhibitory effect of the test item on the respiration rate of aerobic wastewater micro-organisms of activated sludge was investigated in a 3-hour respiration inhibition test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 209 (2010). A range-finding test was performed with nominal test item concentrations of 10.0, 100 and 1000 mg/L, alongside blank controls and a positive control. The 3-hour NOEC was determined to be 1000 mg/L, the highest rate tested. The 3-hour EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC80 could not be calculated, but were greater than 1000 mg/L. A definitive test was not necessary since in the range-finding test the test item showed no inhibition of the respiration rate at the highest tested concentration. The test concentrations were clearly above the water solubility of the test material under the test conditions at concentrations above 10 mg/L.
Reference
Table 1. Influence of the Test Item and 3,5-Dichlorophenol (Reference Item) on the Oxygen Consumption of Activated Sludge
Vessel No. | Nominal concentration of test chemical (mg/L) | Oxygen comsumption rate | Inhibition (%) | pH values | Oxygen concentration (mg O2/L) | |||
Respiration rate (R) (mg O2/Lh) | Specific respiration rate (Rs) (mg O2/gh) | start* | end* | start* | end* | |||
Inoculum control | ||||||||
1 | 0 | 58.40 | 38.93 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 8.0 | |
2 | 0 | 58.92 | 39.28 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 8.2 | |
11 | 0 | 64.50 | 43.00 | 7.4 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 8.2 | |
12 | 0 | 61.60 | 41.07 | 7.4 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.2 | |
Mean | 60.86 | 40.57 | ||||||
Standard Deviation | 2.81 | 1.87 | ||||||
Coefficient of Variation | 4.61 % | 4.61 % | ||||||
Test item | ||||||||
6 | 10.0 | 66.80 | 44.53 | -9.8 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 8.2 |
7 | 100 | 62.06 | 41.37 | -2.0 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.3 |
8, 9, 10 | 1000, 1000, 1000 | 65.85, 65.73, 64.20 | 43.90, 43.82, 42.80 | -8.2. -8.0. -5.5; Mean = -7.2 | 7.2, 7.2, 7.4 | 7.8, 7.9, 7.9 | 7.6, 7.8, 7.9 | 8.2, 8.3, 8.2 |
3,5 -Dichlorophenol | ||||||||
3 | 3.2 | 44.95 | 29.96 | 26.1 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 8.2 |
4 | 10 | 35.13 | 23.42 | 42.3 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.2 |
5 | 32 | 6.90 | 4.60 | 88.7 | 7.2 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.2 |
* start and end of the 3 -hour incubation period
-% inhibition denotes increased oxygen consumption rate relative to control
Description of key information
3 -h EC50 > 1000 mg/L and NOEC = 1000 mg/L, freshwater (activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage), OECD 209, Eisner 2014.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 1 000 mg/L
Additional information
The inhibitory effect of the test item on the respiration rate of aerobic wastewater micro-organisms of activated sludge was investigated in a 3-hour respiration inhibition test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 209 (2010). A range-finding test was performed with nominal test item concentrations of 10.0, 100 and 1000 mg/L, alongside blank controls and a positive control. The 3-hour NOEC was determined to be 1000 mg/L, the highest rate tested. The 3-hour EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC80 could not be calculated, but were greater than 1000 mg/L. A definitive test was not necessary since in the range-finding test the test item showed no inhibition of the respiration rate at the highest tested concentration. The test concentrations were clearly above the water solubility of the test material under the test conditions at concentrations above 10 mg/L.
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