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EC number: 945-909-1 | CAS number: 69415-01-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 16th April 2020 to 29th June 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Physical appearance : Solid
Purity as per Certificate
of Analysis
: 60 -85% (No purity correction during dose
formulation preparation)
Total Organic Content
(TOC)
: 62.3 %
Batch No. : GRM193K01
Manufactured date : 19 July 2019
Expiry date : 03 September 2021
Physico-chemical
properties
: Density: 1.32 g/cm3 (23 °C)
Storage conditions : Ambient (+15 to +25ºC) - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- Inoculum
The inoculum was secondary effluent, collected from a treatment plant
receiving predominantly domestic sewage. This effluent was used as test
system as it is recommended in the guideline. A fresh sample of secondary
effluent was collected from the treatment plant and was kept aerobic during
transport.
This effluent was allowed to settle for one hour, decanted and the decanted
effluent was used in the test.
Source of the Inoculum
Sewage Treatment Plant
Eurofins Advinus Limited
Bengaluru – 560 058
India
Determination of Bacterial Population in the Inoculum
The bacterial population in the inoculum was determined as colony forming
units (CFU/mL) by diluting the inoculum to an appropriate dilution and then
plating on nutrient agar plates.
Preconditioning of the Inoculum
The decanted effluent was preconditioned by aerating for 6 days at 22.4 to
23.8°C. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 29 d
- Initial conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- Outline of the Method
A measured volume of the inoculated mineral medium, containing a known
concentration of the test item [10-20 mg total organic carbon (TOC) per litre]
as the nominal sole source of organic carbon was aerated by the passage of
carbon dioxide-free air at a controlled rate in the dark. Degradation was
followed over 28 days by determining the carbon dioxide produced. The
carbon dioxide was trapped in barium hydroxide and was measured by
titration of the residual hydroxide or as inorganic carbon. The amount of
carbon dioxide produced from the test item (corrected for that derived from
the blank inoculum) was expressed as a percentage of theoretical carbon
dioxide (ThCO2).
Test Item Solubility
The test item was tested for its solubility in mineral media at 250 mg/L.
Preparation of Test Medium
The stock solutions and the test medium were prepared as per the
compositions of chemicals given in Appendix 1. High quality ultra-pure
water delivered by a Milli-Q system was used to prepare the stock solutions
and the mineral medium.
To each 5 L flask, 2400 mL of mineral medium was added and mixed with
300 mL of the pre-conditioned inoculum. A separate 3000 mL of mineral
medium was also prepared in a flask to use it for further dilutions.
A sample of the mineral medium was checked for the inorganic carbon
content.
These flasks were aerated with CO2 free air at 100 mL/minute, overnight to
purge the system of carbon dioxide.
Inoculum Blanks
To the test flasks numbered 3 and 4 (inoculum blanks), 300 mL each of
mineral medium (previously aerated with CO2-free air) was added to make
the total suspension volume to 3000 mL in each flask.
Addition of Test Item and Reference Item
The total organic carbon (TOC) in the test as well as the reference item was
determined using the formula:
% TOC = Carbon content of the test/reference item Molecular weight of the test/reference item x 100
Molecular formula of reference item (Sodium benzoate) – C7H5NaO2
Based on the TOC, 75 mg of test item was weighed and made up to 300 mL
using mineral medium (previously aerated with CO2-free air) and added to
each test flasks 1 and 2 separately. Similarly, 78 mg of reference item was
made up to 300 mL with mineral medium (previously aerated with CO2-free
air) and added to test flask 5. A quantity of 38 mg test item and 39 mg of the
reference item was mixed and made up to 300 mL using mineral medium
(previously aerated with CO2-free air) and added to test flask 6. Final volume
in the test flask was 3000 mL. - Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 47.64
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The mean carbon dioxide produced from the inoculum blank (Flask No.
3 and 4) on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29 after the treatment was
8.80, 10.18, 8.64, 35.04, 7.65, 9.90, 11.11, 11.33, 5.61 and 7.32 mg,
respectively. The total carbon dioxide produced from the inoculum blank for
throughout the test period was 38.53 mg/L.
The cumulative carbon dioxide produced from the test item was 7.48, 20.84,
37.94, 31.83, 51.35, 55.53, 65.76, 73.68, 80.94 and 84.41 mg in Flask 1 on
days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29 after the treatment, respectively.
Similarly, in Flask 2 it was 6.05, 20.29, 34.31, 28.31, 45.30, 50.47, 58.50,
67.08, 77.31 and 79.24 mg on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29 after
the treatment, respectively.
The cumulative carbon dioxide produced from the reference item (Flask No.
5) was 23.65, 59.01, 85.02, 75.72, 118.12, 143.20, 160.03, 164.21, 169.38
and 162.07 mg, on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29 after the
treatment, respectively.
The cumulative carbon dioxide produced from the toxicity control (Flask
No. 6) was 16.61, 29.97, 42.78, 42.06, 57.84, 70.38, 80.61, 87.87, 93.92 and
86.61 mg, on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29 after the treatment,
respectively.
The pH of the test solutions at the end of the test was 8.08, 8.10, 8.34, 8.19,
8.56 and 8.49 in Flask 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The mean per cent degradation of test item was 47.64% at the end of test while, the percent degradation of reference item was 96.84% and the toxicity control was 50.75% at the end of the test.
The substance is not considered rapidly biodegradable, as only 47.64% mean degradation was achieved within the 28-day period of the test. - Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of Bisphenol C Epoxy was tested using the CO2Evolution Test. The test item was added to two test vessels at the concentration of 25 mg/L (equivalent to 15.6 mg of Total Organic Carbon/L). Two flasks as controls containing only the inoculum, one flask as procedure control containing reference item and one flask as toxicity control containing the test item and the reference item were also included in test. All the treatments were added with equal volume of inoculum which was collected from the secondary effluent treatment plant receiving predominantly domestic sewage and volume made with mineral media.
Treatment mixtures were aerated for 29 days with carbon dioxide (CO2) free air. The CO2released was trapped in a series of bottles containing barium hydroxide, which were connected to the outlet of each test vessel. The residual barium hydroxide was measured on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 19, 23, 27 and 29 after the initiation of the test.
The mean per cent degradation of test item was 47.64% at the end of test while, the percent degradation of reference item was 96.84% and the toxicity control was 50.75% at the end of the test.
The test fulfilled all the validity criteria.
Based on the results, the test item was concluded asinherentlybiodegradable since only 47.64% mean degradation was achieved within the 28-day period of the test.
Reference
TABLE 1. Carbon-dioxide Production
Day |
CO2Produced (mg) |
Cumulative CO2produced (mg) Test – Blank Mean |
|||||||||
Test Flasks |
Blank |
||||||||||
Flask 1 |
Flask 2 |
Flask 5 |
Flask 6 |
Flask 3 |
Flask 4 |
Mean |
Flask 1 |
Flask 2 |
Flask 5 |
Flask 6 |
|
2 |
16.28 |
14.85 |
32.45 |
25.41 |
8.25 |
9.35 |
8.80 |
7.48 |
6.05 |
23.65 |
16.61 |
5 |
23.54 |
24.42 |
45.54 |
23.54 |
10.67 |
9.68 |
10.18 |
20.84 |
20.29 |
59.01 |
29.97 |
7 |
25.74 |
22.66 |
34.65 |
21.45 |
8.25 |
9.02 |
8.64 |
37.94 |
34.31 |
85.02 |
42.78 |
9 |
28.93 |
29.04 |
25.74 |
34.32 |
35.97 |
34.10 |
35.04 |
31.83 |
28.31 |
75.72 |
42.06 |
12 |
27.17 |
24.64 |
50.05 |
23.43 |
7.04 |
8.25 |
7.65 |
51.35 |
45.30 |
118.12 |
57.84 |
15 |
14.08 |
15.07 |
34.98 |
22.44 |
11.55 |
8.25 |
9.90 |
55.53 |
50.47 |
143.20 |
70.38 |
19 |
21.34 |
19.14 |
27.94 |
21.34 |
11.44 |
10.78 |
11.11 |
65.76 |
58.50 |
160.03 |
80.61 |
23 |
19.25 |
19.91 |
15.51 |
18.59 |
11.88 |
10.78 |
11.33 |
73.68 |
67.08 |
164.21 |
87.87 |
27 |
12.87 |
15.84 |
10.78 |
11.66 |
5.94 |
5.28 |
5.61 |
80.94 |
77.31 |
169.38 |
93.92 |
29 |
10.78 |
9.24 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
8.25 |
6.38 |
7.32 |
84.41 |
79.24 |
162.07 |
86.61 |
Total CO2produced in the inoculum blank during the test =115.575 mg/3L
=38.53 mg/L
Note:
Flask 1 and 2: Contain test item (Bisphenol C Epoxy) and inoculum in mineral media
Flask 3 and 4: Contain inoculum in mineral media
Flask 5: Contain reference item (Sodium benzoate) and inoculum in mineral media
Flask 6: Contain test item, reference item and inoculum in mineral media
TABLE 2. pHof Test Solutions
Flask No.
|
pH at the end of the test (Day 28) |
Flask 1 |
8.08 |
Flask 2 |
8.10 |
Flask 3 |
8.34 |
Flask 4 |
8.19 |
Flask 5 |
8.56 |
Flask 6 |
8.49 |
Note:
Flask 1 and 2: Contain test item (Bisphenol C Epoxy) and inoculum in mineral media
Flask 3 and 4: Contain inoculum in mineral media
Flask 5: Contain reference item (Sodium benzoate) and inoculum in mineral media
Flask 6: Contain test item, reference item and inoculum in mineral media
TABLE 3. Degradation of Test Item and Reference Item
Day |
Test Item |
Reference Item |
Test Item + Reference Item |
||
Flask 1 |
Flask 2 |
Mean |
|||
2 |
4.36 |
3.52 |
3.94 |
14.13 |
9.73 |
5 |
12.13 |
11.81 |
11.97 |
35.26 |
17.56 |
7 |
22.09 |
19.98 |
21.04 |
50.80 |
25.07 |
9 |
18.53 |
16.48 |
17.51 |
45.25 |
24.65 |
12 |
29.90 |
26.37 |
28.14 |
70.58 |
33.89 |
15 |
32.33 |
29.38 |
30.86 |
85.57 |
41.24 |
19 |
38.29 |
34.06 |
36.18 |
95.62 |
47.24 |
23 |
42.90 |
39.06 |
40.98 |
98.12 |
51.49 |
27 |
47.12 |
45.01 |
46.07 |
101.21 |
55.04 |
29 |
49.14 |
46.13 |
47.64 |
96.84 |
50.75 |
% degradation |
= |
mg CO2produced |
x |
100 |
mg TOC added in test x 3.67 |
Note:
Flask 1 and 2: Contain test item (Bisphenol C Epoxy) and inoculum in mineral media
Flask 3 and 4: Contain inoculum in mineral media
Flask 5: Contain reference item (Sodium benzoate) and inoculum in mineral media
Flask 6: Contain test item, reference item and inoculum in mineral media
Description of key information
The substance is not considered rapidly biodegradable, as only 47.64% mean degradation was achieved within the 28-day period of the test.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
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