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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-601-8 | CAS number: 7647-18-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- other: human case study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study does not totally comply with the specific testing guideline, but reasonably are well-documented.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Biomonitoring of a worker population exposed to low antimony trioxide levels
- Author:
- Iavicoli I, Caroli S, Alimonti A, Petrucci F and Carelli G
- Year:
- 2 002
- Bibliographic source:
- J Trace Elem Med Biol 2002; 16: 33-39
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Survey data of workers in a textile plant
- Endpoint addressed:
- basic toxicokinetics
Test guideline
- Guideline:
- other: no guideline specified
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Air borne levels and urine levels of antimony were measured in a textile plant / of workers in a textile plant. Higher and less exposed workers were
differentiated and compared to a control group. The survey period was 5 days, from which at day 4 the flame retardant was prepared and utilized. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- not applicable
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Antimony
- EC Number:
- 231-146-5
- EC Name:
- Antimony
- Cas Number:
- 7440-36-0
- Molecular formula:
- Sb
- IUPAC Name:
- antimony(3+)
- Test material form:
- not specified
1
Method
- Ethical approval:
- confirmed, but no further information available
- Details on study design:
- - the aim of this study was to monitor Sb2O3 exposure by measuring airborne and urinary concentrations in workers of textile industry exposed to
low levels of Sb2O3 - Exposure assessment:
- measured
- Details on exposure:
- TYPE OF EXPOSURE:
- exposure from dust in the air (permanat) and direct contact to the compound during preparing the machines, preparing and utilizing the flame
retardant and cleaning the machines
TYPE OF EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT: Area air sampling and Personal sampling
EXPOSURE LEVELS: various
EXPOSURE PERIOD: various
DESCRIPTION / DELINEATION OF EXPOSURE GROUPS / CATEGORIES:
- there is a turnover of workers at the different working places (during the survey period)
- higher exposure worker: the finishing, intermediate and coupling operators
less exposed workers: jet operators control group
- no other details on exposure are stated
Results and discussion
- Results:
- - no significant correlation was found between personal exposures and the difference between the urinary levels at the beginning and the end of the shift
- the mean personal exposure level of "higher exposure worker" over the week was significantly higher than that of jet operators and controls
- the mean personal exposure level of jet operators was significantly higher than for the controls
- the urine levels of Sb measured at the beginning and end of the shift did not vary significantly in any worker, no correlation personal exposure levels and urine levels found
- all urinary levels in all workers were higher than in the control group
Any other information on results incl. tables
- even at very low exposure levels a reduction in exposure levels as distance from the exposure source increased was detected
- the mean value (air) of all personal sampling was significantly higher an day 4 than on day 1 and 2; but no significant difference to day 3 and 5 (preparation and cleaning of machines)
RESULTS:
- Sb2O3 levels in the air
day 1 and 2 = 0.04 µg Sb/m3 (mean); 0.09 µg Sb/m3 (personal sampling max.)
day 3 and 4 = 0.11 µg Sb/m3 (mean); 0.36 µg Sb/m3 (day 3 personal sampling max.); 0.55 µg Sb/m3 (day 4 personal sampling max.); 1.45 µg Sb/m3 (day 4 area sampling max.)
day 5 = 0.07 µg Sb/m3 (mean); 0.15 µg Sb/m3 (personal sampling max.)
- mean Sb2O3 levels in urines: "high exposure operators" : 0.39 µg/l (beginning of shift); 0.46 µg/l (end of shift)
"jet operators": 0.18 µg/l (beginning and end of shift)
all operators: 0.31 µg/l (beginning of shift); 0.36 µg/l (end of shift)
controls: 0.10 µg/l (in the morning)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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