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EC number: 911-168-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted in accordance with SN EN 45001.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopled 4 April 1984
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820).
- Breeding: parental and young Daphnia were held in 250 litres glass aquaria.
- Food type: sera micropan (sera GmbH, D-52525 Heinsberg) homogenized in 1 litre deionized water.
- Amount: 15 g
- Frequency: once a day, except weekends.
- Size: < 2 mm
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: daphnia were acclimatized to the reconstituted water for 4 hours before introduction into the test media. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 0.5 °C (temperature-controlled water bath)
- pH:
- Test vessels: 7.9 start and 7.9 at 48 hrs
Control: 7.9 start and 7.7 at 48 hrs - Dissolved oxygen:
- Test vessels: 7.3 mg/l start and 6.8 mg/l at 48 hrs
Control: 6.7 mg/l start and 6.8 mg/l at 48 hrs - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100 mg/l nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 ml flasks, all-glass, with 50 ml of test medium.
- Volume: flasks with 50 ml of test medium.
- Aeration: not aerated
- No. of organisms per concentration: 40 individuals per test concentration.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20 individuals per vessel.
- No. of vessels per concentration: 2 replicates.
- No. of vessels per control: 3 replicates.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water (lSO 6341)
- Aeration: prior to the test, a batch of reconstituted water was aerated vigorously over a period of 2 hours.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: pH was not adjusted before the test.
- Photoperiod: 16 h photoperiod a day, supplied by overhead white fluorescent tubes.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
The median effective concentration (EC50 value) is the concentration estimated to immobilize 50 % of the Daphnia atter 24 or 48 h of exposure. Those individuals not able to swim within 15 s after gentle agitation of the test vessel were considered to be immobile.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
No range finding test was conducted.
VALIDITY
The test is considered valid if not more than 10 % of Ihe Daphnia in the control have been immobilized or trapped at the surface of the water. The dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test should not be < 60 % of the air saturation value at the temperature used. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- periodically conducted reference test with potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- At the nominal concentration of 100 mg/l less than 10 % of the Daphnia were immobile after 24 and 48 h of exposure.
The no-observed-effect concentration (EC0) for 24 and 48 h of incubation resulted to be less than 100 mg/l. 100 % immobilization was not detected.
CONTROL
No toxic effects (less than 10 % immobilization) were observed in the control after 24 and 48 h of exposure. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- not more than 10 % of daphnids in the control have been immobilized and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test was higher than 60 % of the air saturation value at the temperature used.
- Conclusions:
- EC50 (48h) > 100 mg/l (nominal)
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of test item to Daphnia magna was investigated under static exposure conditions over a period of 48 h. The only applied test concentration was 100 mg/l nominal concentration. 40 individual Daphnia divided in 2 test vessels were exposed to the test substance. The final test concentration was prepared by dilution of a stock solution of the test substance. No chemical analysis of the test media was conducted. For the valuation of the test, the nominal content of the test solution was used, assuming the test compound to be stable in water over 48 h.
At the nominal concentration of 100 mg/l less than 10 % of the Daphnia were immobile after 24 and 48 h of exposure. No toxic effects (less than 10 % immobilization) were observed in the control after 24 and 48 h of exposure.
Conclusion
EC50 (48h) > 100 mg/l (nominal)
Reference
Immobilization of Daphnia magna after 24 and 48 h of exposure to the test material
Nominal concentration (mg/l) | Vessel | no. of individuals | Immobile daphnia (no./vessel) | % immobile daphnia | ||
24 hrs | 48 hrs | 24 hrs | 48 hrs | |||
Control | A | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
B | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
C | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
100 | A | 20 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
B | 20 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 10 |
pH-values and oxygen concentrations at the start and at the end of the test
Nominal concentration (mg/l) | Vessel | pH value | Oxygen concentration (mg/l) | ||
0 hrs | 48 hrs | 0 hrs | 48 hrs | ||
Control | A | 7.9 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 |
B | |||||
C | |||||
100 | A | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.3 | 6.8 |
B |
Description of key information
Not harmful/toxic to aquatic invertebrates, after short-term exposure.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The acute toxicity of Fluorescent Brightener 219 to Daphnia magna was investigated under static exposure conditions, over a period of 48 h. The only applied test concentration was 100 mg/l nominal concentration; the final test concentration was prepared by dilution of a stock solution of the test substance. No chemical analysis of the test media was conducted. At the nominal concentration assayed less than 10 % of the Daphnia were immobile after 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
In order to support the study outcomes, available data on one of the substance constituents (i.e. constituent 02) have also been taken into conderation.
The acute toxicity of the substance to Daphnia magna was investigated under static exposure conditions over a period of 48 h. A screening test with nominal concentrations of 100, 10 and 1 mg/l was performed. Due to the limited water solubility of the test material, test item in concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 mg/l was moderately stirred in Daphnia medium for 24 h at room temperature. After this incubation time, the undissolved materials were removed by filtration. The resulting water accomodated fractions were used in the tests. No chemical analysis of the test media was conducted. At all loading rates no significant effects (<10 % immobilization) were observed after 24 and 48 h of exposure. No significant toxic effects were also observed in the control after 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
In both the cases, no acute adverse effects were recorded at the highest tested dosages; thus, the substance resulted to be not harmful/toxic to aquatic invertebrates, after short-term exposure.
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