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EC number: 201-004-7 | CAS number: 77-09-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- June 17, 2010 - June 19,2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
- Report date:
- 2010
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2009
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Phenolphthalein
- EC Number:
- 201-004-7
- EC Name:
- Phenolphthalein
- Cas Number:
- 77-09-8
- Molecular formula:
- C20H14O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-1-one
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
In vitro test system
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on test system:
- RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: vitro skin model RHE by SkinEthic Laboratories
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37°C
REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps: At the end of the treatment interval, the inserts were removed immediately from the 24-well plate. Using a multi pipette the tissues were gently rinsed with a minimum volume of 25 mL PBS to remove any residual test material. Excess PBS was removed by gently shaking the inserts and blotting the bottom with blotting paper.
MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 1.0 mg/L
- Incubation time: 3 hours
- Wavelength: 570 nm
NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 3
NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION: 1
PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA
- The test substance is considered to be irritant to skin if the viability is less or equal than 50%.
- The test substance is considered to be non-irritant to skin if the viability is greater than 50%.
ACCEPTABILITY OF THE ASSAY
Negative control (NC acceptance criteria: The NC data meet the acceptance criteria if the mean OD value of the 3 tissues is ≥ 1.2 at 570 nm according to the historical database. The Standard Deviation value is considered as valid if it is ≤ 18 %, according to the Performance Standards (ECVAM SIVS, 2007).Positive control (PO acceptance criteria: The PC data meet the acceptance criteria if the mean viability, expressed as % of the NC, is < 40 % and the Standard Deviation value is ≤ 18 %. - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 16 mg
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 16 µL
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 16 µL
- Concentration: 5% in PBS - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 42 min
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- 42 hours
- Number of replicates:
- 3
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- 1st run
- Value:
- 36
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 100%
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 2.64%
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- - OTHER EFFECTS:
- Direct-MTT reduction: no
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: yes
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: yes
Any other information on results incl. tables
The results obtained after treatment are
given in the following table:
Dose Group | Treatment Interval |
Optical Density Tissue 1 |
Optical Density Tissue 2 |
Optical Density Tissue 3 |
Mean relative Viability [%] |
neg. control | 42 min | 1.361 | 1.200 | 1.298 | 100.0 |
pos. control | 42 min | 0.033 | 0.036 | 0.034 | 2.64 |
test item | 42 min | 0.446 | 0.451 | 0.493 | 36.00 |
Treatment with the positive control
induced a sufficient decrease in the relative absorbance as compared to
the negative control for the treatment interval thus ensuring the
validity of the test system.
After treatment with the negative control the absorbance values reached the required acceptability criterion of an OD >1.2 for the treatment interval thus showing the quality of the tissues.
The mean relative tissue viability after treatment with the test item was significantly decreased after treatment (mean relative viability = 36.00 %). Therefore, the test item is considered to possess an potential for skin irritation.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 (irritant) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- Under the experimental conditions reported, the test item is irritant to skin.
- Executive summary:
A study according study according B.46 of Council Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009 was performed to assess the irritation potential of the test item by means of the Human Skin Model Test. The test consisted of a topical exposure of the test item to a human reconstructed model followed by a cell viability test. Cell viability was measured by dehydrogenase conversion of MTT into a blue formazan salt, that was quantitatively measured after extraction from tissues. The percent reduction of cell viability in comparison to untreated negative controls was used to predict skin irritation potential.
Triplicates of the human skin model RHE were treated either with the test item, the negative or the positive control for 42 minutes. 16 µL of either the negative control (PBS-buffer) or the positive control (5 % Sodiumdodecylsulphat-solution) were applied to each tissue. Before adding the test item, 10 µL of deionised water was spread to the epidermis surface to improve further contact between the test item and the epidermis. Afterwards, 16 mg of the test item were applied to each tissue.
Treatment with the positive control induced a sufficient decrease in the relative absorbance as compared to the negative control for the treatment interval thus ensuring the validity of the test system. After treatment with the negative control the absorbance values reached the required acceptability criterion of mean OD > 1.2 for the treatment interval thus showing the quality of the tissues. The tissue viability after treatment with the test item was significantly decreased (mean viability: 36.00 %). Therefore, the test item is considered to possess an irritant potential.
Under the experimental conditions reported, the test item is irritant to skin.
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