1,3-bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)trisulfane

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

28 June 2016 - 27 July 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Chemical Name: 1, 3-bis (2, 4, 4-trimethylpentan-2yl) trisulfane
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in acetone, ethanol, and tetrahydrofuran
Density: 0.965 g/cm3
Description/Appearance: Pale yellow liquid
Batch Number: L002
Purity: 95.4% by weight
Storage Conditions: Room temperature, in the dark
Expiry Date : 15 August 2016

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

The test item (nominal 100 mg) was dissolved in diluent (100 mL) to prepare a stock solution with a nominal concentration of 1000 mg/L. This stock solution was further diluted with diluent (Test medium: Acetonitrile: Propan-2-ol (25:25:50 v/v/v)) to obtain a nominal 10 mg/L calibration standard. A duplicate calibration standard was similarly prepared at 10 mg/L. These duplicate calibration standards were used to determine the recovery and test sample concentrations.
The test samples were thawed with the aid of sonication. The test sample was quantitatively transferred to 500 mL volumetric, 25 mL test medium and 125 mL acetonitrile added, and then made to volume with propan-2-ol.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Dilution in test medium

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Source: in-house laboratory cultures
- Age: less than 24 hours old
- Food type: a mixture of algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and flake food suspension
- Frequency: daily

Test type:

static

Water media type:

other: Reconstituted water (ISO medium)

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

Approximately 250 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

18 to 22 ±1 °C

pH:

7.9 ± 0.3

Dissolved oxygen:

8.8-8.9

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Range-finding test: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100% v/v saturated solution
Definitive Test: 100% v/v saturated solution.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 150 mL glass beakers containing Elendt M7 medium
- Type: closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL of test preparation
- Aeration: test vessels were not aerated
- Renewal rate of test solution: not renewed during the exposure period
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Culture medium: Reconstituted water (ISO medium)
- Intervals of water quality measurement: daily

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 18 to 22 ±1 °C
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods
- Light intensity: between 200 and 1200 Lux

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100% v/v saturated solution
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: No immobilization was observed at the test concentrations of 0.10, 1.0 and 10% v/v saturated solution. A single immobilized daphnid was observed in the 100% v/v saturated solution test group, however, as no more than 10% immobilization occurred, this was considered to be due to natural causes and as such considered not to have had an effect on the outcome of the test. Based on this information, a single test concentration of four replicates, of 100% v/v saturated solution was selected for the definitive test. This experimental design conforms to a "Limit test" to confirm that at highest attainable test concentration, no immobilization or adverse reactions to exposure were observed.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate, the positive control was conducted between 29 February 2016 and 02 March 2016.

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: % v/v Saturated Solution

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: See Table 1

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 other: % v/v Saturated Solution

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other:

Remarks:

See Table 1

Details on results:

There were no toxic effects observed at saturation.
No sub-lethal effects of exposure were observed throughout the test.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Exposure conditions for the positive control were similar to those in the definitive test.
The results from the positive control with potassium dichromate were within the normal range for this reference item.

Table 1:            Cumulative Immobilization Data and Observations in the Definitive Test

Nominal Concentration (% v/v Saturated Solution)	24 Hours
	Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia (Initial Population: 5 Per Replicate)						Observations
	R1	R2	R3	R4	Total	%	R1	R2	R3	R4
Control	0	0	0	0	0	0	5 N	5 N	5 N	5 N
100	0	0	0	0	0	0	5 N	5 N	5 N	5 N

 

Nominal Concentration (% v/v Saturated Solution)	48 Hours
	Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia (Initial Population: 5 Per Replicate)						Observations
	R1	R2	R3	R4	Total	%	R1	R2	R3	R4
Control	0	0	0	0	0	0	5 N	5 N	5 N	5 N
100	0	0	0	0	0	0	5 N	5 N	5 N	5 N

R₁– R₄= Replicates 1 to 4

N = No sub-lethal effects observed

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity of the test item to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna has been investigated and based on the nominal test concentrations gave a 48-Hour EC50 value of greater than 100% v/v saturated solution. The No Observed Effect Concentration was 100% v/v saturated solution.
This study showed that there were no toxic effects at saturation.

Description of key information

48 hour toxicity study:

EC₅₀ (48 hours immobilisation): > 100 % v/v saturated solution as the test item was not soluble

NOEC (48 hours immobilisation): 100 % v/v saturated solution

Additional information

A determination of the acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates of DAILUBE IS-30 was conducted (Envigo Research Limited, 2018, Study FP07FM). The study was performed in accordance with EC method C2 and OECD test guideline 202, and in compliance with GLP.

Preliminary solubility work conducted indicated that it was not possible to obtain a testable solution of the test item using traditional methods of preparation. 20 daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to an aqueous solution of the test item at a concentration of 100% v/v saturated solution of DAILUBE IS-30 for 48 hours at a temperature of 20 - 21°C under static test conditions in Elendt M4 Culture medium.

After 48 hours' exposure any of the Daphnia were immobilised. This study showed that there were no toxic effects at saturation. It was concluded that 48-Hour EC50 value in Daphnia Magna was greater than 100% v/v saturated solution. The NOEC was concluded to be 100% v/v saturated solution.