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EC number: 202-819-0 | CAS number: 100-10-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- July 16, 2015 - January 8, 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
- Report date:
- 2016
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
- EC Number:
- 202-819-0
- EC Name:
- 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 100-10-7
- Molecular formula:
- C9H11NO
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Designation: Art. 803057
Synonym: 4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde
CAS-No.: 100-10-7
Batch: S6886257
Assay (GC, area%): 99.6% (a/a)
Appearance: Grey-blue, crystalline powder
Expiry date: May 31, 2019
Storage: Tightly closed, dark at room temperature (15 to 25°C)
PREPARATION OF THE TEST MATERIAL
The test item was prepared freshly before the exposure. For this purpose, the calibrated flask with test medium (100 mg/L) was stirred for 24 hours.
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Concentrations:
5.0, 10.6, 22.4, 47.3 and 100.0 mg/L
Sampling method:
Samples of the test medium and the control medium were taken directly after preparation and after 24, 48 and 72 hours and were subjected to chemical analysis. Before analysis, the algae were removed from the medium by centrifugation at a low g-force, sufficient to settle the algae. Additionally, analysis of all five test item preparations not inoculated with algae was performed daily.
Sample storage conditions before analysis:
Samples were directly analyzed without storing
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- Vehicle:
Nutrient (mg/L)
NH4Cl 15.0
MgCl2 * 6H2O 12.0
CaCl2 * 2H2O 18.0
MgSO4 * 7H2O 15.0
KH2PO4 1.60
FeCl3 * 6H2O 0.0640
Na2EDTA * 2H2O 0.100
H3BO3 0.185
MnCl2 * 4H2O 0.415
ZnCl2 0.00300
CoCl2 * 6H2O 0.00150
CuCl2 * 2H2O 0.00001
Na2MoO4 * 2H2O 0.00700
NaHCO3 50.0
- pH: 7.70
- Total hardness: 24 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)
Preparation of the Test Item:
The test item was prepared freshly before the exposure. For this purpose, the calibrated flask with test medium (100 mg/L) was stirred for 24 hours.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Unicellular green algae
- Strain: Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): The test system used was Desmodesmus subspicatus, strain 86.81 SAG (Sammlung von Algenkulturen, Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität Göttingen, Germany). This strain was further cultivated in the laboratories of Non-Clinical Safety.
- Method of cultivation: Preparations of 100 mL each were continuously shaken in 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks at about 120 rpm by an orbital shaker (Universalschüttler SM25, Edmund Bühler GmbH, Hechingen, Germany). The flasks were covered with air permeable steristoppers (Heinz Herenz Medizinalbedarf GmbH, Hamburg, Germany). The flasks were continuously illuminated for the exposure period. The anticipated light intensity was between 4440 and 8880 Lux and within ± 15% from the average. The illumination was achieved by fluorescent tubes (Lumilux T5 nws FLH1 HO 80W/840, Osram GmbH, Munich, Germany) installed above the orbital shaker with the flasks.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 72h
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- -
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 24 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)
- Test temperature:
- 22.7 - 23.4°C
- pH:
- 7.48 - 9.36
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 5.0, 10.6, 22.4, 47.3 and 100.0 mg/L
Measured concentrations: >80% of nominal concentrations - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 300 mL Erlenmeyer glas flasks filled with 100 mL cell suspension
- Aeration: no
- Initial cells density: 10 000 cells per ml
- Control end cells density: 1 744 672 cells per ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water according to OECD TG 201
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Light intensity and quality: The light intensity measured immediately before the start of the study was 8175 Lux ± 4.6% and 8216 Lux ± 5.3% at the end of the study. The light intensity for the samples used for analytical determination after 24 and 48 hours was 8496 Lux ± 2.2% before the start of the study and
8458 Lux ± 1.8% after 48 hours. Thus, the light intensity was in the anticipated range of 4440 – 8880 Lux within ± 15% from the average.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.115
- Test concentrations: 5.0, 10.6, 22.4, 47.3 and 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Remarks:
- The accuracy and reliability of the test method is demonstrated periodically as recommended by OECD Guideline No. 201 and the Council Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009. Therefore, potassium dichromate (Art. 104864) was tested as positive control (Gado, 2015).
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 42.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EC10 based on nominal concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 50.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EC20 based on nominal concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 72.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: EC50 based on nominal concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 19.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: EC10 based on nominal concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: EC20 based on nominal concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 41.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: EC50 based on nominal concentrations
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Unusual cell shape: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The accuracy and reliability of the test method is demonstrated periodically as recommended by OECD Guideline No. 201 and the Council Regulation (EC) No. 761/2009. Therefore, potassium dichromate (Art. 104864) was tested as positive control (Gado, 2015).
The test item Art. 104864 (potassium dichromate) showed 72h EC values which are within the recommended range (Biomass integral EC50 0.20 – 0.75 mg/L and Growth rate EC50 of 0.60 – 1.03 mg/L).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the test item Art. 803057 (4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde) on the growth and growth rate of the green algae species Desmodesmus subspicatus.
Study Design
The study design included one control group with six replicates and five test item groups with three replicates, each containing 100 mL reconstituted water or test medium and 10000 cells/mL at the start of the experimental phase.
The study was performed under static conditions with nominal concentrations of 5.0, 10.6, 22.4, 47.3 and 100.0 mg/L in reconstituted water. The study was performed in open vessels.
The growth of the algae was determined after 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure in the test item and control groups.
The concentrations of the test item Art. 803057 (4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde) were analytically determined by HPLC-UV. Due to the results of a stability determination before start of study, analytical controls of the test item preparations were performed at the start of the study and then daily.
Results
Nominal and corresponding analytical concentrations of samples inoculated with algae are given in the following table:
Analytical results | ||||||||
0h | 24h | 48h | 72h | |||||
Nominal | [mg/L] | % | [mg/L] | % | [mg/L] | % | [mg/L] | % |
0.0 mg/L | <LOD | - | <LOD | - | <LOD | - | <LOD | - |
5.0 mg/L | 4.974 | 99.5 | 4.192 | 83.8 | 0.276 | 5.5 | <LOD | - |
10.6 mg/L | 10.608 | 100.1 | 9.971 | 94.1 | 7.957 | 75.1 | 2.286 | 21.6 |
22.4 mg/L | 22.122 | 98.8 | 21.645 | 96.6 | 20.621 | 92.1 | 17.907 | 79.9 |
47.3 mg/L | 46.806 | 99.0 | 46.003 | 97.3 | 45.221 | 95.6 | 43.262 | 91.5 |
100.0 mg/L | 100.146 | 100.1 | 98.892 | 98.9 | 98.458 | 98.5 | 97.950 | 98.0 |
Nominal and corresponding concentrations of analytical control samples without algae are given in the following table:
Analytical results | ||||||||
0h | 24h | 48h | 72h | |||||
Nominal | [mg/L] | % | [mg/L] | % | [mg/L] | % | [mg/L] | % |
0.0 mg/L | <LOD | - | <LOD | - | <LOD | - | <LOD | - |
5.0 mg/L | 4.974 | 99.5 | 4.973 | 99.5 | 4.933 | 98.7 | 4.866 | 97.3 |
10.6 mg/L | 10.608 | 100.1 | 10.644 | 100.4 | 10.584 | 99.8 | 10.523 | 99.3 |
22.4 mg/L | 22.122 | 98.8 | 22.219 | 99.2 | 22.194 | 99.1 | 22.171 | 99.0 |
47.3 mg/L | 46.806 | 99.0 | 46.843 | 99.0 | 46.959 | 99.3 | 46.856 | 99.1 |
100.0 mg/L | 100.146 | 100.1 | 100.072 | 100.1 | 100.104 | 100.1 | 100.187 | 100.2 |
The recoveries of the Art. 803057 concentrations in all test media without algae ranged from 97.3% to 100.4% from the nominal concentrations over the time period of 72h and, thus, the test item was stable in the test medium during the study. In contrast, the concentrations of the test item in test media with algae decreased significantly after 24, 48 and 72 hours particularly at lower concentrations. Based on the analytical results it can be assumed that a fraction of the test item in the test media adsorbs onto the surface of the algae during the study and, therefore, is still bioavailable for the test system. Moreover, there are indications from the HPLC analysis that the test item is metabolized by the algae to a certain extent confirming the bioavailability of the test item for the algae.
Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude, that the test item is chemically stable in the test medium and that the algae are exposed to the test item at concentrations of ± 20% of the nominal concentrations during the experimental phase of the study. Therefore, the EC values were calculated based on the nominal concentrations.
For the test item, Art. 803057 (4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde), the following EC values (growth rate and yield) for Desmodesmus subspicatus were determined:
Parameter (0 -72h) | Growth Rate | Yield |
EC10 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval |
42.2 (39.3 - 44.8) |
19.3 (14.7 - 23.0) |
EC20 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval |
50.8 (48.2 - 53.3) |
25.0 (20.6 - 28.6) |
EC50 [mg/L] 95% confidence interval |
72.7 (70.2 - 75.2) |
41.3 (37.2 - 45.8) |
Conclusion
Art. 803057 (4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde), dissolved in reconstituted water, was tested in an open semi-static system. Under the conditions of the present study the test item revealed an EC 50(0-72h) for growth rate of 72.7 mg/L and an EC50 (0-72h) for yield of 41.3 mg/L.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Art. 803057 (4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde), dissolved in reconstituted water, was tested in an open semi-static system. Under the conditions of the present study the test item revealed an EC50 (0-72h) for growth rate of 72.7 mg/L and an EC50 (0-72h) for yield of 41.3 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
This study was performed according to GLP and the methods applied are fully compliant with OECD TG 201. Art. 803057 (4-(Dimethylamino)benzaldehyde), dissolved in reconstituted water, was tested in an open semi-static system. Under the conditions of the present study the test item revealed an EC50 (0-72h) for growth rate of 72.7 mg/L and an EC50 (0-72h) for yield of 41.3 mg/L.
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