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EC number: 205-840-3 | CAS number: 155-04-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian germ cell study: cytogenicity / chromosome aberration
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- limited but acceptable documented publication which meets basic scientific principles; however study design not in line with current guidelines (e.g. sampling time 1.5 normal cell cylce lengh, preparation time after colcemid or colchicine application ca. 3 to 5 h for mice, 5 animals per sex and dose group, measure of cytotoxicity)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Assessment of in vivo chromosomal aberrations - potency of zinc mercapto benzo thiazole
- Author:
- Mohanan, P., V.; et al.
- Year:
- 2 000
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of Biomaterials Aplcations, volume 14,224-228
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- other: chromosomal aberration assay in Swiss albino mice
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- mammalian bone marrow chromosome aberration test
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Zinc di(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulphide
- EC Number:
- 205-840-3
- EC Name:
- Zinc di(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulphide
- Cas Number:
- 155-04-4
- Molecular formula:
- C7H5NS2.1/2Zn
- IUPAC Name:
- zinc 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiolate
- Details on test material:
- zinc mercapto benzo thiazole (ZMBT)
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- provider: National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd., Chennai
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- Swiss
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: weaning Swiss albino mice
- Weight at study initiation: 16 to 20 g
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 25 ± 2°C
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- cotton seed oil, 1 mL/kg bw
- Details on exposure:
- 90 minutes before sacrifice the animals were treated with colchicine (20 µg/kg bw) to arrest mitosis
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- once
- Frequency of treatment:
- once
- Post exposure period:
- 36 h
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 24 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- according to 0.480 mg/20 g animal
- Dose / conc.:
- 43 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- according to 0.86 mg/20 g animal
- Dose / conc.:
- 96 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- according to 1.920 mg/20 g animal
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4 per dose
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- methyl methane sulfonate (200 mg/kg bw)
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- bone marrow from femur
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- Both femora were removed through the pelvic bone, just below the knee. The bones were freed from muscles, and the proximal ends of the femora were carefully shortened with scissors. Saline (0.5 ml) was aspirated into the disposable syringe, and subsequently, the needle was inserted a few millimeters into the bone marrow canal. The bone marrow was flushed into centrifuge tubes, mixed thoroughly and were centrifuged. The cell button was collected, mixed with hypotonic solution (0.075 M KCl), and incubated for 20 min at 37°C. The samples were centrifuged again, and were than fixed with fixative (3:1 methanol acetic acid). Sample slides were prepared by flame drying and stained with Giemsa stain. Microscopic analysis was performed by bright field in oil under a light microscope. Evidence of chromosomal abnormalities was then evaluated; 100 well-spread metaphases were analyzed per animal per dose group, solvent control and positive control.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- not specified
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- not examined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Any other information on results incl. tables
Chromosome number: number of chromosomes did not vary (no additional data)
The incidences of chromosome/chromatide abnormalities was comparable between treamtent groups and solvent control.
The postivie control induced significant number of chromosomal aberrations.
The authors conclude that the administration of ZMBT at different dose levels in Swiss mice did not increase the frequency of structural chromosomal aberrations and thus ZMBT did not induce structural chromosome aberrations in the bone marrow cells of Swiss mice under the experimental conditions used.
Table: Incidence of chromosomal aberrations after single ZMBT administration in the bone marrow of Swiss mice
Average Abnormalities/100 plates | ||||||
Chromatid* | Chromosome* | |||||
Group | Dose/animal (µg) | Gaps | Breaks | Gaps | Breaks | Other changes* |
I | 1920 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
II | 960 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
III | 480 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
IV | solvent control 1.0 ml | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
V | positive control 4.0 mg** | 17 | 6 | 11 | 8 | 19 |
* no additional data recorded
** methyl methane sulfonate (200 mg/kg bw)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
The genotoxic potential of ZMBT was evaluated in an in vivo bone marrow chromosome aberration assay with limited documentation not in line with current guidelines. Swiss albino mice (4 animals per group) were administered with ca. 24, 43 and 96 mg/kg bw test substance, concurrent solvent control (cotton seed oil) and positive control (methyl methane sulphonate, 200 mg/kg) once via intraperitoneal injection. Clinical signs or other observations of toxicity were not recorded in the publication. Colchicine (20 µg/kg) was administered 90 minutes before scheduled sacrifice. All animals were sacrificed 36 hours after test sample injection. Bone marrow cells from both femora were prepared, fixed and stained. 100 well-spread metaphases were microscopically analysed for chromosomal aberrations (chromatic and chromosome gaps and breaks and other changes were recorded). No cytotoxicity parameters (e.g. mitotic index) were recorded. The incidences of chromatid and chromosome gaps and breaks documented in all treatment groups were comparable to the solvent control. The positive control methyl methane sulfonate (200 mg/kg bw) led to a distinct increase of chromatid and chromosome breaks. ZMBT did not induce structural chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice under the experimental conditions used.
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