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EC number: 204-844-2 | CAS number: 127-47-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 08/02/1993 - 04/05/1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study according to international guideline (OECD Guideline 202) under GLP , validity criteria met.
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 993
- Report date:
- 1993
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not relevant
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Retinyl acetate
- EC Number:
- 204-844-2
- EC Name:
- Retinyl acetate
- Cas Number:
- 127-47-9
- Molecular formula:
- C22H32O2
- IUPAC Name:
- (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-yl acetate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Vitamin A - Acetate
- Physical state: Solid
- Stability under test conditions: Good, tests are performed in total darkness, so test substance can not break down due to exposure to light.
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature, in the dark
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not relevant
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations:
Nominal: 10, 18, 32, 58 and 100 mg/l
Actual: 6.9, 9.2, 23.9, 53.4 and 106.7 mg/l
- Sampling method: Composite samples of each test concentration were drawn by mixing identical volumes of the test solutions taken from the approximate centers of the test vessels. they were taken immediately before exposure and after 48 hours exposure.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samples were kept at -18 to -22 degrees Celsius before analysis.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: 1.00 g test substance and 1.01 g of a 96% 1-metyhl-2-pyrrolidone / 4% polyoxy-ethylene-sorbitan-monooleate mixture were mixed together (ultrasonic for 10 minutes). This blend was stored in the refrigerator (+4 degrees Celsius) for about 24 hours. 400 mg of this blend were mixed and made up to 2000 ml with water achieving a test substance concentration of 100 mg/l. Calculated amounts of the stock solution to produce the desired test concentrations were given into the water and were homogeneously distributed. the Daphnia were then transferred into the beakers.
- Controls: Yes
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): 1-metyhl-2-pyrrolidone / polyoxy-ethylene-sorbitan-monooleate
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution): 1-metyhl-2-pyrrolidone 96.0 mg/l; polyoxy-ethylene-sorbitan-monooleate: 4.0 mg/l
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): Small parts of the test substance were swimming on the surface of the test water at 0 hour of exposure at all test concentrations and a deposit was observed at all test concentrations after 48 hours of exposure.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus 1820
- Source: CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., testing facility
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0-24 hours
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): <800 um
- Method of breeding: Cultures of Daphnia are maintained in glass vessels containing approximately 2.5 l of reconstituted water at 20 +/- 1 degrees Celsius (water is renewed partially thrice weekly).
- Feeding during test No feeding during the test
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 24 hours
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): yes, but test takes place in total darkness
- Type and amount of food: At each renewal the Daphnia are fed with a suspension of green algae (Scenedesmus subspicatus) supplemented by a suspension of TETRAMIN-extract in such quantities that the food is consumed after 24 h.
- Feeding frequency: Thrive weekly
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post exposure observation period
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 240 mg/l CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 degrees Celsius
- pH:
- 7.6 - 7.9, no change greater than 0.2 during test.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 37 - 99% of oxygen saturation value, no increase greater than 44% during the test.
- Salinity:
- Not relevant
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 10, 18, 32, 58 and 100 mg/l
Measured (start): 11.3, 21.6, 45.3, 88.3 and 151.0 mg/l
Measured (end): 6.9, 9.2, 23.9, 53.4 and 106.7 mg/l - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Beaker
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Glass beakers covered with watch glasses, 100 ml solution per beaker
- Aeration: Aerated with clean air for at least 24 hours before use, no aeration during test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water containing 65 mg NaHCO3/l, 294 mg CaCl2 . 2 H2O/l, 123 mg MgSO4 . 7 H2O/l and 7 mg KCl/l
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: Total darkness
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Immobilization (every 24 hours)
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8 - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 9.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 107 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 9.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 46 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 36-62 mg/l; Goodness t fit CHI: 3.13
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: None observed
- Observations on body length and weight: No data
- Other biological observations: No data
- Mortality of control: 0%
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No, substance concentrations at the end of the test were close to nominal concentrations.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50 values were calculated according to Berkson, JASA 48 (1953), 569-599. EC-values were graphically determined on gausso-logarithmic probability paper.
Any other information on results incl. tables
No data
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Toxicity of Vitamin A Acetate towards Daphnia magna was investigated: the 48h-EC50 was found to be 46 mg/l, the 48h-NOEC was found to be 9.2 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
Toxicity of Vitamin A Acetate towards Daphnia magna was investigated according to OECD Guideline 202 under GLP conditions. The 48h-EC50 was found to be 46 mg/l, the 48h-NOEC was found to be 9.2 mg/l. Test substance concentrations at the end of the experiment were close to nominal concentrations.
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