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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 278-014-3 | CAS number: 74878-48-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Internal Method "Nr. 58"
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The acute toxicity testing on microorganisms in sewage sludge was performed according to published methods, which were adapted and standardized for the specific needs of the sponsor company, well before Test Guidelines for these methods were established by the OECD beginning 1981.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source: isolated suspended bacteria from sewage sludge, taken from the aerated compartment of an Husmann apparatus and has to be prepared freshly on a weekly basis.
- Culturing: once per week a pre-culture is prepared taking one inoculation loop of bacteria from an agar plate (BHI-agar) to be cultivated in Nutrient-Broth medium. Each day one inoculation loop from the pre-culture is used to inoculate 5 ml of Nutrient-Broth which is then cultured at 22 °C.
- Pretreatment: sludge is directly used from the Husmann apparatus on day 3 to 5. 100 ml of underrun is taken on a daily basis and filtered through a Whatman GF/A filter. The filtrate is used as inoculation suspension. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Plates: 0.2 ml of the dilution is mixed with 15 ml of liquid nutrient agar (tempered to 45 °C) and plated on sterile petri dishes (agar incorporation test).
- Control: solvent and growth controls were used in parallel. In case of the suspension test 0.1 ml of dilutions are mixed with 4.5 ml of Nutrient broth in a test tube.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Nutrient Broth.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
KST is the lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth, based on visible opacity of the test solution. The KST is given in relation to the growth control. - Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: duration not specified
- Conclusions:
- IC50 > 300 mg/l
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity testing on microorganisms in sewage sludge was performed according to published methods, which were adapted and standardized for the specific needs of the sponsor company, well before Test Guidelines for these methods were established by the OECD beginning 1981. The method is designed to evaluate the acute bacteriotoxicity to sewage sludge.
The lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth (i.e. reported as KST), based on visible opacity of the test solution, was indicated to be higher than 300 mg/l.
Conclusion
IC50 > 300 mg/l
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Internal Method "Nr. 58"
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The acute toxicity testing on microorganisms in sewage sludge was performed according to published methods, which were adapted and standardized for the specific needs of the sponsor company, well before Test Guidelines for these methods were established by the OECD beginning 1981.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source: bacteria used were isolated from sewage sludge, taken from the aerated compartment of an Husmann apparatus and has to be prepared freshly on a weekly basis.
- Culturing: once per week a pre-culture is prepared taking one inoculation loop of bacteria from an agar plate (BHI-agar) to be cultivated in Nutrient-Broth medium. Each day one inoculation loop from the pre-culture is used to inoculate 5 ml of Nutrient-Broth which is then cultured at 22 °C.
- Pretreatment: bacteria, the over-night culture is used as such. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Plates: 0.2 ml of the dilution is mixed with 15 ml of liquid nutrient agar (tempered to 45 °C) and plated on sterile petri dishes (agar incorporation test).
- Control: solvent and growth controls were used in parallel. In case of the suspension test 0.1 ml of dilutions are mixed with 4.5 ml of Nutrient broth in a test tube.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Nutrient Broth.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
BST is the lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth, based on visible opacity of the test solution. - Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: duration not specified
- Conclusions:
- IC50: 200 mg/l
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity testing on microorganisms in sewage sludge was performed according to published methods, which were adapted and standardized for the specific needs of the sponsor company, well before Test Guidelines for these methods were established by the OECD beginning 1981. The method was designedto evaluate the acute bacteriotoxicity to isolated suspended bacteria.
The lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth (i.e. reported as BST), based on visible opacity of the test solution, was indicated to be 200 mg/l.
Conclusion
IC50: 200 mg/l
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Non harmful/toxic to microorganisms.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Several studies, conducted on batches characterized by different purity degrees of Fluorescent Brightener 363 and investigating the potential toxicity to microorganisms, are available.
Almost all the experiments here reported were performed according to published methods, which were adapted and standardized for the specific needs of the sponsor company, well before Test Guidelines for these methods were established by the OECD beginning 1981; the methods are comparable to current standard testing procedures.
In the two studies conducted with test batches at highest purity degrees among all the experiments, the lowest concentration which clearly inhibits bacterial growth, i.e. reported as BST and KST, was found to be 200 mg/l and higher than 300 mg/l, respectively.
Adverse effects were not recorded in none of all the other available experiments.
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